Методические указания по выполнению дипломной работы для студентов специализации 1-31 03 02-01 09 «Компьютерная механика» направления специальности 1-31 03 02-01 «Механика (научно-производственная деятельность)»
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1. ɉȺɌȿɇɌɇɕȿ ɂɋɋɅȿȾɈȼȺɇɂə
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ȿ1 - ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ |
ɋɬɪɚɧɵ |
Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɆɄɂ |
ɑɬɨ ɢ ɡɚ ɤɚɤɨɣ |
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ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ |
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ɢɥɢ ɍȾɄ |
ɉɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ |
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ɞɥɹ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ |
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Ʌɚɡɟɪɧɚɹ |
ɋɋɋɊ |
ɆɄɂ |
ɫ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ʋ 1574406 |
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ɦɢɤɪɨɫɜɚɪɤɚ |
Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ |
ȼ23 Ʉ23/00 |
ɨɬ 20.05.1998ɝ. |
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Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ |
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ɆɄɂ |
ɩɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 2020239 |
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ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ |
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ȼ23 Ʉ26/00 |
ɨɬ 07.09.2004ɝ. |
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ɋɒȺ |
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ȻȾ "ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ |
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—”— |
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—”— |
Ⱥɝɟɧɬɫɬɜɚ ɋɒȺ" |
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(“United States |
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Patents”) |
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ɡɚ 1984-2004 ɝɝ. |
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Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ |
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ɫ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ʋ 3429776 |
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—”— |
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—”— |
ɨɬ 13.02.1996ɝ. |
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ɩɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 4221334 |
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ɨɬ 14.01.2004ɝ. |
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əɩɨɧɢɹ |
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Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ |
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—”— |
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—”— |
ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ȻȾ "PAJ" |
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(Patent Office, |
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Japanese Government) |
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ɡɚ 1993-2004 ɝɝ. |
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—”— |
ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɹ |
—”— |
ɫ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ʋ21- |
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206581 |
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ɨɬ 05.02.1997ɝ. |
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ɩɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 4-61757 |
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ɨɬ 01.10.2004ɝ. |
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—”— |
Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɹ |
—”— |
ɫ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚ ʋ 2580365 |
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ɨɬ 15.02.1999ɝ. |
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ɩɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ3275112 |
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ɨɬ 01.08.2004ɝ. |
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—”— |
ȿɉɈ |
—”— |
ȻȾ "ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ |
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ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ |
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Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ" |
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(ȿɉɈ,“European |
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Patent Office”) |
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ɡɚ 1994-2004 ɝɝ. |
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—”— |
ɊȻ |
—”— |
ɧɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ |
42
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ȿ2 - ɉɚɬɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ
ʋʋ, ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ |
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ, ɬɟɦɵ. |
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ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ |
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ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ |
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1 |
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2 |
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əɩɨɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 446669 |
ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ: |
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ɨɬ 17.2.98 |
- ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɹɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɫɬɵ; |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ |
- ɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɂɋ ɫ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɨɣ |
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ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɣɤɢ |
ɫɯɟɦɨɣ; |
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(ɩɪɨɬɨɬɢɩ) |
- ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ |
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ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ |
ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ |
ɫ |
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɣ |
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ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɨɣ; |
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- ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɩɨɣɧɨɣ ɩɚɫɬɵ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɦ |
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ɥɭɱɨɦ; |
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- ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ. |
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ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ |
ɢɦɟɟɬ |
ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ |
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ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ. |
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ɋɒȺ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 5298715 |
ɇɟɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɭ ɩɪɢɠɢɦɚɸɬ ɤ |
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ɨɬ 29.3.99 |
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɩɨɟɦ. |
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Ʌɚɡɟɪɧɨ-ɭɥɶɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɚɹ ɩɚɣɤɚ |
ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɥɚɡɟɪɚ ɢ ɍɁ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɥɹɟɬ |
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ɬɨɧɤɢɯ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ |
ɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɢɩɨɣ. Ɍɨɪɟɰ ɩɚɹɥɶɧɢɤɚ |
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ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤ ɤ |
ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɨɣ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɡɚɯɨɞɢɬ |
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ɬɟɪɦɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ |
ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɚ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɟɬ ɜɚɥɢɤ ɩɪɢɩɨɹ. |
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ɩɨɞɥɨɠɤɚɦ |
ɋɩɨɫɨɛ |
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ |
ɞɥɹ |
ɩɪɢɩɚɣɤɢ |
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ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɝɨɥɨɜɨɤ ɤ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɟ. |
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əɩɨɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 4443822 |
Ɉɞɧɚ ɢɥɢ |
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ |
ɧɟɨɮɥɸɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ |
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ɨɬ 13.6.2001 |
ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤ ɩɨɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɪɟɡɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɢɡ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɣɤɢ |
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ |
ɨɬɪɟɡɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ |
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ |
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ɞɥɢɧɵ ɩɨɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɦ |
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ɥɭɱɨɦ. ɉɚɣɤɭ ɜɟɞɭɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ. |
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Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 1662893 |
ȼ ɤɚɧɚɥɟ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɩɚɹɥɶɧɢɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ |
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ɨɬ 12.09.98 |
ɨɩɬɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɧɧɵɣ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɞ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɤɨɧɟɰ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɚɣɤɢ |
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɟ ɥɭɱɢ, ɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ |
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ɩɨɞɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɫ ɩɪɢɩɨɟɦ. ȼ |
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ɤɨɪɩɭɫɟ |
ɩɚɹɥɶɧɢɤɚ |
ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɤɚɧɚɥɵ |
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ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɩɪɢɩɨɹ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ |
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ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ. |
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Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 19736851 |
Ⱦɟɬɚɥɢ 1 ɢ 2 ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ |
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ɨɬ 4.05.03 |
ɡɚɦɵɤɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɨɞɧɚ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɧɚ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ |
ɧɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ |
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ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɣ ɫɜɚɪɤɨɣ |
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɜɚɪɢɜɚɸɬ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ |
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ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɦ ɥɭɱɨɦ. |
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43
ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ ȿ2
1 |
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2 |
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Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 2790689 |
ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɜɚɪɤɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ |
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ɨɬ 18.05.00 |
ɜɧɚɯɥɟɫɬɤɭ. ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ |
ɞɜɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ 1 ɢ 2 ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬ, ɩɨ |
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ɫɛɨɪɤɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɜɚɪɤɢ ɞɜɭɯ |
ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɡɨɧɵ |
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ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ |
ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ |
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ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɨɧɭ ɫɛɨɪɤɢ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ |
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ɩɪɢ |
ɩɨɦɨɳɢ |
ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɝɨ |
ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ |
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ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɛɨɪɤɚ. |
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Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ ʋ 19848179 |
Ʌɚɡɟɪɧɭɸ ɫɜɚɪɤɭ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɣ |
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ɨɬ 28.05.00 |
ɢɡ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ, ɤɟɪɚɦɢɤɢ, ɫɬɟɤɥɨɤɟɪɚɦɢɤɢ, |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɣ ɫɜɚɪɤɢ |
ɫɬɟɤɥɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ |
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ɛɟɡ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɫɚɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ |
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ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ. Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɜɲɟɝɨɫɹ ɲɜɚ |
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ɢɦɟɟɬ |
ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ, |
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ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ |
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ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ. |
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ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ |
ɉɪɢ ɫɜɚɪɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɝɨɥɨɜɤɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ |
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ʋ 2342881 ɨɬ 24.06.00 |
ɫɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. ɉɪɢ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɫɜɚɪɤɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ |
ɷɬɨɦ |
ɝɨɥɨɜɤɭ |
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ |
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ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɨɤ |
ɫɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ |
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ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɨɤ |
ɩɨ |
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ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ |
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ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɢ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɝɨɥɨɜɤɚ |
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ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɫɜɚɪɧɵɟ ɲɜɵ, ɮɨɪɦɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ |
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ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ |
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ |
ɧɚ |
ɛɚɡɟ |
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ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɚɪɧɵɯ |
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ɲɜɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ. |
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əɩɨɧɢɹ ɉɚɬɟɧɬ |
Ɂɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ Ⱥ, ɫɜɚɪɢɜɚɟɦɭɸ ɜɧɚɯɥɟɫɬ ɫ |
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ʋ 3084152 ɨɬ 4.09.00 |
ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɨɣ |
ȼ, |
ɨɛɪɟɡɚɸɬ |
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ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɦ |
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ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɣ ɫɜɚɪɤɢ |
ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɧɡɨɣ, ɢ |
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ɜ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɭ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɚɝɨɬɨɜɤɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɚɸɬ |
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ɩɪɢɫɚɞɨɱɧɭɸ |
ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɭ |
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ |
ɩɥɚɜɢɬɫɹ |
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ɥɚɡɟɪɧɵɦ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ, ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ |
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ɫɜɚɪɤɢ |
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɬ |
ɝɚɡɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɣ ɚɪɝɨɧ |
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ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ 3.0 ɤɝ/ɫɦ3. |
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2. ɇȺɍɑɇɈ-ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄȺə ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊȺ ɂ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄȺə ȾɈɄɍɆȿɇɌȺɐɂə
(ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ)
1.http://sibpatent.ru - ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɊɎ.
2.http://ep.espacenet.com - ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ȻȾ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ (EPO-espacenet).
3.http://www.jpo.go.jp - ɪɟɮɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ȻȾ (PAJ), əɩɨɧɢɹ.
4.http://www.uspto.gov – ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɚɹ ȻȾ Ⱦɟɩɚɪɬɚɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɋɒȺ (ɚɝɟɧɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɚɦ ɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɤɚɦ)
5.Ʌɚɧɢɧ ȼ.Ʌ., Ȼɨɧɞɚɪɢɤ ȼ.Ɇ., Ɂɚɞɪɭɰɤɢɣ ɂ.Ⱥ. Ʌɚɡɟɪɧɚɹ ɩɚɣɤɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɨɤ // ɂɡɜɟɫɬɢɹ Ȼɟɥɨɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ. - ʋ 1(17)/2. – 1999. - ɋ. 183-184.
6.Lanin V., Bondarik V., Zadrutskiy I. Laser Soldering Surface Mount Components // Elektronika ir elektrotechnika. - 1999. - Nr. 4(22). - P.32-35.
7.Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ: «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ». ɋɜɨɞɧɵɣ ɬɨɦ. ʋʋ 1-12 ɡɚ 19992004 ɝɝ.
ɉɨɢɫɤ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɧɞɚɦ ɊɇɌȻ, ȻɇɌɍ, Internet |
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(ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ: ȼɉɌȻ, ɌɉɎ, ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɣ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.) |
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Ⱦɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɭɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɹɸ |
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Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ |
..........................______________ |
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(ɩɨɞɩɢɫɶ) |
«____»_____________20____ɝ.
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ɉɊɂɅɈɀȿɇɂȿ ɀ Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɩɥɚɧ-ɩɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɚ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɥɚɧ-ɩɪɨɫɩɟɤɬ ɤ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɚ ɬɟɦɭ
ɆɈȾȿɅɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɍɋɌɊɈɃɋɌȼ ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɆȺȽɇɂɌɇɈȽɈ ɇȺȽɊȿȼȺ ȾɅə ɉȺɃɄɂ ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɇɇɕɏ ɋȻɈɊɈɄ
Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɤɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ,
ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɪɟɲɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ
ɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ, ɤɚɤ ɩɚɣɤɚ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɟ ɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ. ɉɚɣɤɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɟ ɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɧɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɣɤɢ. ɂɧɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɩɚɣɤɚ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɤɚɥɤɢ. ȼ 30-ɯ ɝɨɞɚɯ ɛɵɥ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɚɣɤɢ ɪɟɡɰɨɜ ɫ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɚɦɢ ɢɡ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ 80 % ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɪɟɠɭɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ, ɨɫɧɚɳɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɫɩɥɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɤɚɦɢ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɭɸ ɩɚɣɤɭ. ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɢɧɞɭɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɣɤɢ ɧɚɲɥɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɹɯ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ.
Ɍɟɦɚ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ – ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɚɣɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɛɨɪɨɤ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ:
-ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ, ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɥɢɲɶ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɚɹɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɛɨɪɤɢ, ɧɟ ɨɩɚɫɚɹɫɶ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɬɟɪɦɨɭɞɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɧɢɯ;
-ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ, ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɡ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɜ ɦɚɥɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ;
-ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɭɸ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɚɣɤɭ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɢ ɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɨɡɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ.
ȼɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ:
-ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ;
-ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ;
-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ;
-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ ɧɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ;
-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ;
-ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ;
-ɞɚɬɶ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ.