Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности (первый) (английский)
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IV. Have you ever checked out the packaging of your goods, only to be thoroughly confused by the different symbols littering the back? Match the following symbols to their corresponding definitions
1. Green Dot |
a. This symbol is regularly seen on packages |
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in the UK. It is there to remind people to place |
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their rubbish in a rubbish bin rather than |
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dropping it on the floor. It is also aimed at |
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making people aware that they have a |
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responsibility to keep the environment around |
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them tidy and litter free. Sometimes the |
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symbol is |
called |
the ‗be |
environmentally |
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friendly‘ symbol. |
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2. Leaping Bunny |
b. This means that the contents of the package |
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has been produced in the Third World and that |
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the producer (ie. the farmer) has received a |
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fair and realistic price. It also means that the |
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produce is not from countries whose |
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Governments help their industry / agriculture |
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undercut those of much poorer countries by |
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giving them subsidises. |
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3. Period after opening |
c. This material is widely used for packaging, |
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especially |
drinks |
containers. It |
is 90% |
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recyclable |
and the |
symbol |
opposite |
reminds |
the consumer of this fact. Hopefully the consumer will place the used packaging in the recycle bin, if he / she can find one.
4. Estimated Symbol |
d. Normally found on packaging containing |
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food. The symbols simply mean that the |
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contents will serve 10 portions. |
5. Keep Britain Tidy |
e. Created |
in |
1988, |
when the |
Lion mark is |
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displayed on a product it means that the |
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manufacturer/retailer has agreed to the ‗British |
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Toy and Hobby Associations‘ Code of |
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practice. |
It |
is a |
consumer |
symbol that |
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represents the manufacturers promise to |
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conform to all relevant safety information. |
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Also, it means that the manufacturer will not |
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counterfeit existing toys and will advertise the |
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product so that advertisements state the truth |
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about the limits regarding the way the toy |
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performs. |
6. POLYTHENE |
f. Found on food products - this symbol means |
TEREPHTHALATE (PET) |
"add hot / boiling water". |
7. g. This symbol means that the manufacturer pays to recover and recycle the material. It‘s trademarked and used worldwide, though the recovery program is mainly in Europe.
8. Fair Trade symbol |
h. It means the container is manufactured from |
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aluminium and that it can be recycled and used |
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again. Look closely at drinks cans as they are |
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normally manufactured from aluminium and |
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may have this symbol. |
9. |
i. This symbol is found on products that |
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originate in Germany or those that are |
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manufactured for the German market. The |
symbol has the same meaning as the British Standards symbol in that it means that the product inside the packaging has been tested to German safety standards.
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10. |
j. Card packaging with this symbol means that |
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the materials used to make the packaging have |
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been harvested from sustainable forests. This |
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means that the forest is managed in such a way |
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that the trees are replanted so that trees that are |
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cut down are replaced. |
11. |
k. This symbol is often found on the |
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packaging for batteries. A dust bin is seen in |
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this symbol. The crossed lines means that the |
batteries should not be disposed of in a dust bin after they have been used.
12. The Crossed Grain Symbol |
l. The symbols represent that the product |
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inside has been tested to British and European |
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safety standards. These symbols that are |
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normally applied to non-food products such as |
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electronic products or toys. However, they |
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may still be applied to the packaging as a |
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reference to the package itself being safe. |
13. |
m. This means the company is part of a |
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program that promises that it does not |
currently and will never test its cosmetics on animals. The product must meet a certain cruelty-free standard.
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14. |
n. This symbol was found on a package for a |
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professional quality torch. The symbol |
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suggests that the product inside the package is |
"precision made". This means that all the parts have been precisely manufactured and fit together very accurately.
15. o. This is essentially the same as an expiration on food. Although it‘s not always advertised in the US, cosmetics do have a shelf life. This symbol will usually have a number in the center, indicating how long the product is good after opening.
16. Vegetarian |
p. These are internationally recognisable |
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symbols for recycling. They are seen on many |
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packages. Again, it is to remind the consumer |
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of the potential recycling properties of the |
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package he/she is about to throw away. It is |
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aimed at encouraging the consumer to |
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recycling packaging rather than throwing it |
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into a general rubbish bin. |
17. |
q. This |
symbol was found on a well known |
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box of |
matches. The symbol represents the |
companies efforts to make match boxes from recycled board. The company also claims that this saves energy and trees
18. |
r. The symbol can be found on all wood and |
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paper products as well as products such as |
latex that are derived from trees. The logo can be found on products such as decking, charcoal, and kitchen utensils. When you buy
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a product with this label, it‘s a guarantee that the trees used were replaced or allowed to grow naturally, that the rights of indigenous people are protected, and that the homes of wildlife are conserved.
19. Ecolabel |
s. This symbol shows the amount of product |
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estimated to be inside the container using an |
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"average fill system". Ideally, this should |
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coordinate with the amount advertised. |
20. |
t. The symbol indicates that a product is |
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suitable for vegan dietary requirements. |
21. |
u. These symbols are widely recognised and |
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indicate that the product is suitable for a |
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vegetarian diet. |
22. The Forest Stewardship v. This symbol is recognised internationally as
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Council |
a sign of safety and integrity for gluten-free |
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products. Products have to meet a range of |
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criteria focused on production and ingredients |
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to use this symbol. |
23. Vegan |
w. This symbol is part of an EU scheme that |
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provides accreditation to companies whose |
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products are eco/environmentally friendly. If a |
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product has low production emissions and can |
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be recycled it could apply for use of this |
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symbol. Ecover is a popular cleaning product |
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company that holds this label. They even have |
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a limited edition washing up liquid that uses |
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10% recycled plastic that they have recovered |
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from the world‘s oceans! |
3.4.5. Classes of Dangerous Goods
"Dangerous goods" are materials or items with hazardous properties which, if not properly controlled, present a potential hazard to human health and safety, infrastructure and/ or their means of transport.
The transportation of dangerous goods is controlled and governed by a variety of different regulatory regimes, operating at both the national and international levels. Prominent regulatory frameworks for the transportation of dangerous goods include the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of
Dangerous Goods, ICAO‘s Technical Instructions, IATA‘s Dangerous Goods Regulations and the IMO‘s International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. Collectively, these regulatory regimes mandate the means by which dangerous goods are to be handled, packaged, labelled and transported.50
Regulatory frameworks incorporate comprehensive classification systems of hazards to provide a taxonomy of dangerous goods. Classification of dangerous
50 IMO Classes for Dangerous Goods. – [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access : http://www.agonta.com/dwlds/dengerous_goods_eng.pdf. – Date of access : 11.02.2018.
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goods is broken down into nine classes according to the type of danger materials or items present.
1.Explosives
2.Gases
3.Flammable Liquids
4.Flammable Solids
5.Substances
6.Toxic & Infectious Substances
7.Radioactive Material
8.Corrosives
9.Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
The multitude of dangerous goods regimes across the world and the complexity of dangerous goods classifications and regulations render compliance a particularly difficult task.
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a. Dangerous when wet (e. g. Calcium |
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Carbide) |
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2. |
b. Miscellaneous (e. g. Asbestos) |
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3. |
c. Flammable Liquids (e. g. Petrol) |
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4. |
d. Corrosive Substances (e. g. |
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Hydrochloric Acid) |
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5. |
e. Toxic Gases (e. g. Chlorine) |
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6. |
f. Radioactive Substances (e. g. Uranium) |
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3.4.6.Supplementary Exercises51
I.Underline the correct words in italics. Check any unknown words in a dictionary.
1.Machines, especially large ones, are called equipment / machinery; all the tools, machines and clothes, etc that you need for a particular lob are called equipment / machinery.
2.A series of actions that have a particular result is a process / procedure; a way of doing something, especially the correct or usual way, is a process / procedure.
3.Useless materials and parts that are left after a process is finished are called pollution / waste; damage caused to the environment by harmful chemicals is called pollution / waste.
4.Money that a person or company owes is debt / liability. The word debts / liabilities, when used in the plural and in a formal context, has the same meaning – but it can also have a wider meaning of "legal responsibilities".
5.The word owner /proprietor means that you legally have something – anything. The word owner / proprietor means that you have a business (and is more formal).
6.If you and your business partners all have the same risks at the same time, then you divide/ share the risks. If you separate the risks into smaller parts or different categories, then you divide/ share them (=split them).
7.A shareholder / stakeholder / stockholder is someone who owns part of a business, in British English. A shareholder / stakeholder / stockholder is the same in American English. A shareholder / stakeholder / stockholder is anyone who has an interest in the success of plan, system or organization.
8.If you are a shareholder in a company, then every year you receive an income
/a profit / a dividend paid out of the company's income / profits / dividends.
9.So it looks like this solution works well for you. Shall we go in front / go ahead?
10.We can have it up and running / up and going within a week.
11.I don't want to knock / critic the competition, but this is a much better product.
12.This is the actual / latest model.
13.You're lucky – it's for sale / on sale this month. We're running a special promotion.
14.Yes, the one in the shop window is for sale / on sale – you can buy it.
51 Излагается по: Веремейчик, О.В. Грамматика английского языка. Деловой контекст
(English Grammar. Business Context) [Текст] : пособие для студентов вузов /
О.В. Веремейчик. – Минск : БНТУ, 2010. – 104 с. – С. 82–88.
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15.In the week before Christmas we usually see very high sales volumes / quantities.
16.North America counts for / accounts for 30% of our worldwide sales.
17.A prompt / proper payment discount is given to help with cash flow.
18.A quantity discount encourages a larger purchase – any economies of volume / scale can be passed over / passed on to the final customer.
19.Trade discounts are for partners in the distribution channel / canal.
20.Seasonal discounts are given during slack / loose periods of the year, or during the March promotions / sales.
21.A candidate / An applicant has simply asked for a job (eg. by sending a CV); a candidate / an applicant is being actively considered for a job by the company.
22.A classified ad / display ad is a short piece of text; a classified ad / display ad has a box around it and can have artwork.
23.If you outline / highlight a point, you make people notice it and think about it; if you outline / highlight a point, you describe the main ideas.
24.The words "legal" and "stationary" are very similar, but legal / stationary is more formal.
25.The words "laws" and "legislation" are very similar, but laws / legislation is more formal.
26.The words "rules" and "regulations" are very similar, but rules / regulations is more formal.
27.If you say you aren't satisfied, you make a claim / complaint. If you make a demand for something that you have a right to receive, you make a claim / complaint.
28.An incident / accident is just something that happens, whereas an incident / accident is a sudden event in which someone is hurt.
29.Good morning, ICT. Teresa speaking. Can I help you? / How can I help
you?
30.I want to speak / I'd like to speak to someone in your market research department.
31.Please can I have your name? / Can I please have your name? / Can I have your name, please?
32.I'm / It's Monika Weber.
33.OK, please hold / wait in line while I try to connect you.
34.Mike speaking / I'm Mike.
35.I'm calling to know / ask a few questions of / about your market research services.
36.Of course, Monica. How can / would I help?