Английский язык для специалистов по организации перевозок
.pdfEx. 11. Translate the sentences into Russian, paying attention to the use of the verb ’to have’ in different functions.
1. Rail has always been far safer than road. 2. A free exchange of per sons, commodities and capital has far reaching implications for intraEuropean trade and transport. 3. Around 1/3 of passengers have to change buses in the course of their actual journey. 4. With the conver gence of Europe’s economies, trade relations and the subsequent need for transport of goods and passengers have immensely increased. 5. Go vernmental authorities in charge of public works have the legal obliga tion to ensure road safety at any time and without restriction. 6. Road safety audits and inspections have to be implemented to guarantee con tinuous high safety standards and to supervise the overall road safety criteria. 7. Today containerization has become the integral part of logis tics, which has revolutionized the cargo shipping. 8. To build up inven tory sufficient capital has to be tied up for a length of time. 9. In busi ness, logistics may have either internal focus (inbound logistics) or ex ternal focus (outbound logistics) covering the flow and storage of material from point of origin to point of consumption. 10. Sophisticated control systems have to be developed and used in the nearest future.
Ex. 12. Give the main points of the text in 4-7 sentences. Use the fol lowing cliches:
The text deals with... . The author points out that... . Attention is drawn to the fact that... . It is pointed out that... . It should be noted that... . The author comes to the conclusion that... . I fin d the text ra ther/very... .
Ex. 13. Translate the following text into Russian. Use the dictionary if necessary.
The Department of Transportation has contributed $18mln towards the project as part of its efforts to find new ways to cut congestion in big cities. Donald Shoup, a professor of urban planning at the University of California, Los Angeles, thinks parking should be made easier to find so as to help public transport flow more freely and to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide spewed out by motorists in their endless searching for somewhere to stop.
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The SFpark project will begin early in 2009 with a new network of pavement sensors in 6,000 of San Francisco’s metered parking spaces and 11,500 of its off-street car parks and garages. These sensors will detect when a space is taken and relay that information to a central database. From there, information about vacant parking spots will pass to drivers in several ways. The most basic will be through a network of road signs that will indicate areas with parking places. Eventually, however, officials want to provide web and mobile phone services that display the availability of parking block by block on a colour-coded map, much like the traffic maps now offered by Google.
The city also plans to make parking metres capable of two-way communications. This will allow them to accept credit and debit card payments, seek maintenance and (perhaps to less acclaim) alert Lovely Rita when a parking ticket needs to be issued. Crucially, such metres can also be changed remotely to charge different rates according to demand at different times of the day. “If you get the price right, nobody will have to cruise,” adds Dr Shoup.
A number of companies already have detection systems at work. Streetline’s technology, for instance, presents networks of small, cheap, low-powered sensors. The company’s pavement sensors will run for more than five years on two AA batteries. Like those from other companies, they detect a disturbance in the magnetic field from a hunk of metal (that is, a car). Data can hop from sensor to sensor until it makes its way to a gateway, a small box sitting on top of a streetlamp or traffic-signaling box. From there, it can travel to the central database via the mobile-phone network or municipal Wi-Fi.
Streetline’s sensors have already been tested in parts of San Francisco and by the end of the year they will be deployed in 3,500 parking spaces in Los Angeles. The company hopes eventually to create networks that monitor other bits of a city’s infrastructure too, including traffic flows, street lamps and water mains.
VehicleSense is testing its wireless-sensor networks in parking areas along Interstate 95 in south-eastern Massachusetts. The idea is to give fatigued truckers better information on where they can pull off the road to get some sleep. This technology can go only so far towards relieving congestion and helping drivers find parking spaces.
Учебное издание
БОЯРСКАЯ Анна Олеговна ПЕДЬКО Людмила Владимировна СЛЕСАРЁНОК Екатерина Викторовна
ENGLISH FOR TRANSPORTATION
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК ДЛЯ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ПО ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ПЕРЕВОЗОК
Пособие
Компьютерная верстка Е.В. Слесарёнок
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