Электроника / Lektsia14_Upravlyaemye_vypryamiteli_20

22

2 8AC=>: 21242.212 2-2 2!E5<0 2>4=>D07=>3> 2C?@02;O5<>3> 22K?@O<8B5;O 2

2A> 2A@54=59 2B>G:>9

2

2!E5<0 2A>AB>8B 287 2B>@0,2 22B>@8G=0O 2>1<>B:0 2:>B>@>3> 28NN 2B>G:C;2 242CE 2B8@8AB>@>2,2 2<><5=B 2>B:@KB8O 2:>B>@KE AO 2C?@02;ONI8<8 28<?C;LA0<8,2 2?>ABC?0NI8<8 2A> 2AE5<K 2C?@02;5=8O 2!#.2 2><5=B 2?>ABC?;5=NI82 2<>65B 21KBL 2A428=CB 2>B=>A8B5;L=> 2=A>84K 2=0?@O65=8O 2=0 2=5:>B>@K9 2C3>; 2(2,2 2:>B>@K9 2=07K20NB 2C3;>8O.2

2

21242.212AE5<K 2=0 20:B82=CN 2=03@C7:C 2

2

20 2AE5<5 2(2@8AC=>: 21242.212)2 2:;NG 22 2E2M2B2E2D2 2E2q2u2a2t2i2o2n2.232 2 22₂2 270<:=CB,2 20 22 2E2M2B2E2D2 2E2q2u2a2t2i2o2n2.232 2 22₂2 2@07><:=CB,2 22K?@O<8B5;L 2@01>B05B 2=0 20:B82=CN 2=03@C7:C 22 2E2M2B2E2D2 2E2q2u2a₂2.2 2 01>B0 2AE5<K 28;;NAB@8@C5BAO 22@5<5==>9 24803@0<<>9 2(2@8AC=>: 21242.22>: 21242.222 2-2 2@5<5==0O 24803@0<<0 2@01>BK 2>4=>D07=>3> 22 2A> 2A@54=59 2B>G:>9 28 20:B82=>9 2=03@C7:>9 2?@8 2(2>202

2

2‑B 2?8B0=8O 2: 2:064><C 2B8@8AB>@C 2?@8;>65=> 2=0?@O65=85 2?8=B5@20;5 202 2-2 2(2 2?>;>68B5;L=>5 2=0?@O65=85 2?@8;>65=> 2: 2B8@8AB>@C 2V2T218;N 2V2T222 2-L=>5 2=0?@O65=85.2 2> 2B8@8AB>@ 3V3T313 370:@KB,3 3B0: 3:0: 3A 3A8AB5<K 3C?@02;5=8O 3=5 3?>ABC?05B 38<?C;LA 3=0 3C?@02;ONI89 3M;5:B@>4 3(38=B5@20; 303-313)3.3 3 3<><5=B 32@5<5=8 303<3(3t3<3(3,3 3B> 35ABL 3(3>303 3(3A 3=0 3C3>; 3(3 3>B=>A8B5;L=> 3<><>40 3=0?@O65=8O 38AB>G=8:0 3?8B0=8O 3G5@57 3=C;L)3 3=0 3C?@02;ONI89 3M;5:B@ 3V3T313 3?>405BAO 3C?@02;ONI89 38<?C;LA 3(3B>G:0 323)3 38 3B8@8AB>@ 3V3T313 3>B:@K205BAO,38AB>@ 38 3=03@C7:C 3=0G8=05B 3?@: 33 3E3M3B3E3D333 3 33₃3,3 3@02=K9 3B>:C 3B8@8AB>@0 3(38=B5 3

3"8@8AB>@ 3V3T313 31C45B 3=0E>48BLAO 32 3?@>2>4OI5< 3A>AB>O=88 34> 3B5E 3?>@,3 3?>:0 3=0?@O65=85,3 3? 3: 3=5<C,3 3=5 3?@>945B 3G5@57 3=C;L 38 3=5 387<5=8B 3A2>N 3?>;O@=>ABL,3 3B> 35ABL 3B8@8AB>@ 3V3T313 32K:;NG8BAO 32 3<><5=B 32@5<5=8 3@02=>5 3(3t3=3(3,3 32 370:@KB>< 3A>AB>O=88 3: 3=5<C 3?@8:;04K205BAO 3>1@0B=>5 3=0?@O65=85,3 3 3@02=>5 3>B@8F0B5;L=><C 3=0?@O65=8N 38AB>G=8:0 3?8B0=8O.3

30G8=0O 3A 3<><5=B0 32@5<5=8 3(3t3=3(3 3(3B>G:0 323)3,3 3>10 3B8@8AB>@0 3=0E>4OBAO 32 370:@KB88 38 3=0?@O6 3 3<><5=B 32@5<5=8 3(3t3=3(3+3(3 3 3(3B>G:0 333)3 3C?@02;ONI89 38<?C;LA 3?>ABC?05B 3=0 3C?@02;ONI89 3M;5:B@>4 3B8@8AB>@0 3V3T323 38 3>B>,3 3B>340@C7:C 3B5G5B 3B>:,3 3@02=K9 3B>:C 3B8@8AB>@0 3V3T323.3

3‑1@0B8< 3>A>1>5 32=8<0=85 3 3= 387<5=5=8O 30=>4=>3> 3=0?@O65=8O 3=0 3>4=>< 387 3B8@8AB>@>2 33 3E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333 3 33₃3 3(3@8A.323)3.3 3 35 303-313 3: 3B8@8AB>@C 3V3T313 3?@8;>65=> 3=0?@O65=85 33 3E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333 3 33₃3,3 3=0 38=B5@20;5 313-323 3B8@8AB>@ 3>B:@KB,3 3=0?@O65=85 3=0 3=5< 31;87:> 3: 3=C;N,3 30 370B5< 3=0?@O65=85 33 3E3M3B3n3.333 3 33₃3,3 3:>B>@>5 3=0 38=B5@20;5 323-333 3 3AB0=>28BAO 3>B@8F0B 38=B5@20;5 333-343,3 3:>340 3>B:@K205BAO 3B8@8AB>@ 3V3T323,3 3: 30=>4C 3B8@8AB>@0 3V3T313 31C45B 3?@8;>65=0 3AC<<0 3=0?@O65=89 33 3E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333 3 33₃3 38 33 3E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3 3‑1@0B=>5 3=0?@O6565==>5 3: 3B8@8AB>@C,3 34>AB8305B 37=0G5=8O 3 33 3E3M3B3E3D3 3E3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333 3 33₃3,3 3GB> 3A;54C5B 3CG8BK20BL 3?@8 3@0AG5B5 3AE5<K.3

37 32@5<5==>9 34803@0<<K 3=0 3@8AC=:5 31343.323 3284=>,3 3GB> 35=8O<8 3B>:3q3u3a3t3i3o3n3.333 3 33₃3 3 38 3=0?@O65=8O 33 3E3M3B3E3D333 3 33₃3 3ACI5AB2C5B 3A4283 3D07.3 30 3MB>B 3A4283 4AB>8B 4>1@0B8BL 42=8<0=85 42 4284C 4B>3>,4 4GB> 4A4283 4D07 4>ACI5AB2;O5BAO 44065 4?@8 4G8AB> 40:B82=>9 4=03@C7:5.4