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Number 10: Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin's 1859 book "On the Origin of Species" created a sensation that still resonates around the world. His theory of evolution challenged many religious leaders and assumptions about the world, but its principles are now accepted as fact and supported by scientific inquiry. Modern evolutionary theory has evolved, but its roots can be clearly traced back to Darwin's brilliant work.

Number 9: The Wright Brothers

While there may be other aviation pioneers who also deserve recognition, Orville and Wilbur Wright are generally hailed as the first to successfully create a man-made flying machine. This accomplishment made possible the development of the entire aviation industry. The airplane made the world smaller as people and goods could travel great distances in a short amount of time, revolutionizing the world economy, tourism, and the defense industry.

Number 8: Marie Curie

Marie Curie is primarily remembered for her work in radioactivity. She created the theory of radioactivity and developed techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes. As the first woman awarded the Nobel Prize in physics and chemistry, Curie also discovered the elements polonium and radium and helped develop the X-ray.

Number 7: Nicola Tesla

Thomas Edison gets all the glory for his work in electricity, but Nicola Tesla was even more important. His groundbreaking work led to the alternating current electric power system, which was crucial in industrial development. A man of many interests, Tesla also made significant contributions to robotics, nuclear physics, ballistics, electromechanical engineering, radar, radio, theoretical physics, and computer science. This man definitely got around.

Number 6: Leonardo da Vinci

Although more celebrated as an artist, Leonardo da Vinci also had an astounding scientific mind. His drawing of the "Vetruvian Man" is an example of ideal human proportions. Da Vinci also made numerous designs, few of which were realized, for such items as flying machines, tanks, calculators, and plant studies. He even created an early basic theory of what is now called plate tectonics. Who knows how science would have been altered if more of his scientific work had been published during his lifetime?

Number 5: Archimedes

Archimedes, the greatest mathematician of ancient times and one of the greatest of all time, was also a physicist, inventor, astronomer, and engineer. He created the principle by which the volume of an irregularly shaped object can be determined, which has had enormous influence down through the ages. Some of his designs have been disproved, including one which outlined a way to set a ship on fire using mirrors, but much of his work stands the test of time.

Number 4: Johannes Gutenberg

Many of the scientists on this list spent their lives devoted to scientific exploration. Johannes Gutenberg is here because of one major invention: mechanical movable type printing. In one fell swoop, Gutenberg altered the world of printing, making the dissemination of information and mass production of printed material suddenly a reality. This remained the biggest advance in communications until mass media and the internet.

Number 3: Isaac Newton

The story of an apple hitting Sir Isaac Newton on the head and the scientist all of a sudden discovering the law of gravity is oversimplified, but hey, it's a good story. Newton's accomplishments include the "Principia," which many consider the most influential book in scientific history. In it, he laid out the famous three laws of motion, and modern physics and engineering owe him a huge debt of gratitude.

Number 2: Aristotle

Famous Greek philosopher Aristotle is equally renowned as a scientist. Many consider him history's first genuine scientist. Geology, biology, physics, medicine, psychology, and meteorology were among his many passions. Although many of his conclusions do not stand up to modern science, his efforts laid important groundwork that influenced scientific belief through the Renaissance and into the Enlightenment. Modern science would not be where it is today without his early contributions.

Number 1: Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein, with his rumpled clothes and whacked-out hair, may be the most lovable scientist on our list, but he's number one because of his accomplishments. His theory of relativity revolutionized the field of physics, and his discovery of the photoelectric effect led to what we now know as quantum theory. Practically everyone knows Einstein's famous e = mc^2 equation, even if we can't really explain it. We just know that it changed the world we live in.

№	Inventor	Years of life	Invention	Branch of science
1	Albert Einstein	1879 г. –1955 г.	discovery of the photoelectric effect	physicist
2	Aristotle	384-322 BC		geology, biology, physics, medicine, psychology, and meteorology
3	Isaac Newton	1642—1727	the law of universal gravitation	physicist
4	Johann Gutenberg	1399—1468	the concept of mechanical printing with movable type	engineer
5	Archimedes	287—212 BC	the volume of an irregularly shaped object	mathematician
6	Leonardo da Vinci	1452 г. –1519 г.	ideal human proportions, plate tectonics	Scientists
7	Nikola Tesla	1856 г. –1943 г.	the creation of the alternating current network	Electricity, robotics,   nuclear physics, ballistics, electromechanical technologies, radars, radio,   theoretical physics and computer science
8	Marie Curie	1867 г. –1934 г.	the theory of radioactivity and developed methods for isolating radioactive isotopes discovered the elements polonium and radium and helped develop X-rays	physics or chemistry
9	The Wright Brothers	Wilbur (16.4.1867, - 30.5.1912,) and Orville (19.8.1871 - 30.1.1948.)	created the airplane	engineers
10	Charles Darwin	1809 г. –1882 г.	"The Origin of Species"	biology