Гэтсби учебник ответы на вопросы / Chapter 4

1. Read and translate the extract of Chapter 4 starting with the words: “Once I wrote down on the empty spaces of a time-table the names of those who came to Gatsby’s house that summer” and ending with: All these people came to Gatsby’s house in the summer.”

Воскресным утром, пока в деревнях вдоль берега звонили церковные колокола, мир и его хозяйка вернулись к дому Гэтсби и уморительно мерцали на его лужайке. "Он торговец контрабандным спиртным, - говорили молодые леди, двигаясь где-то между его коктейлями и цветами.

Однажды он убил человека, который узнал, что он племянник Вон Гинденбурга и троюродный брат дьявола". Протяни мне розу, милая, и налей мне последнюю каплю в этот хрустальный бокал".

Однажды я записал на пустых местах временной таблицы имена тех, кто приезжал в дом Гэтсби тем летом. Теперь это старое расписание, распадающееся на сгибы и озаглавленное "Это расписание действует с 5 июля 1922 года". Но я все еще могу прочитать серые имена, и они дадут вам лучшее впечатление, чем мои общие сведения о тех, кто принял гостеприимство Гэтсби и отдал ему тонкую дань, ничего о нем не зная.

Из Ист-Эгга приехали Честеры Беккеры и Пиявки, человек по имени Бунзен, которого я знал в Йеле, и доктор Вебстер Чивет, который утонул прошлым летом в Мэне. И Рогатые, и Вилли Вольтеры, и целый клан по имени Черный Бак, который всегда собирался в углу и задирал нос, как козел, на всех, кто приближался. И Исмеи, и Христи (точнее, Хьюберт Ауэрбах и жена мистера Христи), и Эдгар Бивер, чьи волосы, говорят, однажды зимним днем стали ватно-белыми без всякой на то причины.

Кларенс Эндив, насколько я помню, был из Ист-Эгга. Он приезжал всего один раз, в белых панталонах, и подрался в саду с бомжом по имени Этти. Из дальних уголков острова приезжали и Чидлы, и О. Р. П. Шрейдеры, и Стоунуолл Джексон Абрамс из Джорджии, и Фишгарды, и Рипли Снеллы. Снелл был здесь за три дня до того, как его отправили в тюрьму, и так напился на гравийной дороге, что автомобиль миссис Улисс Свэтт переехал ему правую руку. Приходили и Дэнси, и С. Б. Уайтбейт, которому было далеко за шестьдесят, и Морис А. Флинк, и Хаммерхеды, и Белуга, табачный импортер, и девочки Белуги.

Из Уэст-Эгга приехали поляки и Малреди, и Сесил Робак, и Сесил Шон, и Гулик, сенатор штата, и Ньютон Орхид, контролировавший "Филмс пар экселленс", и Экхауст, и Клайд Коэн, и Дон С. Шварце (сын), и Артур Маккарти - все, кто так или иначе был связан с кино. И Кэтлипы, и Бемберги, и Г. Эрл Малдун, брат того Малдуна, который впоследствии задушил свою жену. Приходили промоутер Да Фонтано, Эд Легрос, Джеймс Б. ("Рот-Гут") Феррет, Де Джонги и Эрнест Лилли - они приходили играть в азартные игры, и когда Феррет забредал в сад, это означало, что его обчистили, и "Ассошиэйтед тракшн" на следующий день должна была прибыльно колебаться.

Человек по имени Клипспрингер бывал там так часто и так долго, что стал известен как "пансионер" - сомневаюсь, что у него был другой дом. Из театральных деятелей здесь были

Гас Уэйз и Гораций О'Донаван, Лестер Мейер, Джордж Даквид и Фрэнсис Булл. Также из Нью-Йорка приехали Хромы, Бэкхиссоны, Денникеры, Рассел Бетти, Корриганы, Келлехеры, Дьюары, Скалли, С. В. Белчер, Смирки, молодые Куинны, ныне разведенные, и Генри Л. Пальметто, который покончил с собой, прыгнув под поезд метро на Таймс-сквер.

Бенни Маккленахан всегда приезжал с четырьмя девушками. Они никогда не были похожи друг на друга, но были так похожи одна на другую, что неизбежно казалось, что они уже были здесь раньше. Я забыл их имена - кажется, Жаклин, или Консуэла, или Глория, или Джуди, или Джун, а их фамилии были либо мелодичными названиями цветов и месяцев, либо суровыми именами великих американских капиталистов, кузенами которых, если бы их спросили, они бы себя признали. Кроме того, я помню, что Фаустина О'Брайен приезжала туда по крайней мере один раз, и девушки Бедекер, и молодой Брюер, которому прострелили нос на войне, и мистер Альбрукбургер с мисс Хааг, его невестой, и Ардита Фиц-Петерс, и мистер П. Джуэтт, когда-то возглавлявший Американский легион, и мисс Клаудия Хип с человеком, считавшимся ее шофером, и какой-то принц, которого мы называли Герцогом и имя которого, если я когда-нибудь его знал, я забыл. Все эти люди приехали в дом Гэтсби летом.

What kind of guests did Gatsby entertain at his house?

Gatsby entertained a variety of wealthy, famous, and eccentric people from different social circles, including East Egg elites, West Egg residents, and people connected to the movie industry.

What do you learn about them?

The guests were mostly superficial and didn't know much about Gatsby personally. They came to enjoy his parties but paid little attention to him as a person.

What kind of information is provided in the extract?

The extract lists the names of Gatsby’s guests, offering a snapshot of the various and extravagant people who attended his parties.

Why are the names in Nick Carraway’s list grey?

The names are gray because they are memories of people that didn’t mean much to Gatsby. They show how empty their lives were.

Which stylistic devices do you find in this description? What do they express?

Metaphor: "the world and its mistress returned to Gatsby’s house and twinkled hilariously on his lawn." The world and its mistress metaphorically refer to society and its superficial nature, emphasizing the lively but shallow atmosphere of Gatsby's parties.

Irony: The guests are described as paying "the subtle tribute of knowing nothing whatever about him." This ironic statement highlights the emptiness of their relationship with Gatsby, as they enjoy his wealth but remain indifferent to him as a person.

Hyperbole: Descriptions like "a whole clan named Blackbuck who always gathered in a corner and flipped up their noses like goats at whosoever came near" exaggerate the guests' arrogance and snobbish behavior, emphasizing their sense of superiority.

Symbolism: The "grey names" symbolize the insignificance and forgettability of the guests, reinforcing the idea of their shallow, transient presence in Gatsby's life.

2. Speak on the rumors accumulated around Gatsby. What do they suggest? What facts do you find out about him in this chapter? How do you learn them? Sum up Gatsby’s life-story based on the information in Chapter 4. What is Nick’s reaction to Gatsby’s story?

1.What do the rumors accumulated around Gatsby suggest?

The rumors surrounding Gatsby suggest that he is a mysterious and possibly dangerous figure. Some believe he is a bootlegger, others think he once killed a man, and there's speculation that he is related to German royalty or even to the devil. These rumors indicate that Gatsby's wealth and background are unclear to most people, adding to his aura of intrigue and suspicion.

2.What facts do you find out about him in this chapter?

In Chapter 4, Gatsby shares several facts about his life with Nick:

-He claims to be from a wealthy family in the Midwest, specifically San Francisco.

-Gatsby says he was educated at Oxford, as part of a family tradition.

-He inherited a fortune after his family died and traveled extensively through Europe.

-He served as a decorated officer in World War I.

-Gatsby also mentions his participation in big game hunting and collecting jewels across Europe.

3. How do you learn them? Sum up Gatsby’s life-story based on the information in Chapter 4.

Gatsby tells Nick his life story during a car ride to New York. According to Gatsby, he comes from a wealthy, educated family and lived a life of adventure and glamour

after inheriting a fortune. He shows Nick proof of his accomplishments, including a medal from Montenegro and a photograph from Oxford. Gatsby’s story portrays him as a self-made man, yet there is a sense that he is trying too hard to impress Nick, which raises doubts about the truth of his tale.

4. What is Nick’s reaction to Gatsby’s story?

Nick is initially skeptical of Gatsby's story, finding it overly dramatic and rehearsed. However, after Gatsby shows him the medal and photograph, Nick becomes somewhat convinced. Despite this, Nick remains aware that there is more to Gatsby's life than what he reveals, sensing that Gatsby is hiding important details about his true background.

3. Find the expressions describing Gatsby’s appearance, speech, manners, emotional state? Does anything seem inconsistent to you? Which traits are emphasized in the description? Which stylistic means are used?

1.Gatsby’s Appearance:

•Gatsby is described as a man who “smiled with a quality of eternal reassurance,” a smile that seemed to “concentrate on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor.”

•His appearance is refined, with “carefully controlled speech” and a deliberate, almost practiced charm.

2.Gatsby’s Speech:

•Gatsby’s speech is described as “elaborate” and “formal,” suggesting that he is making an effort to impress or fit into a particular social world.

•He speaks with “tense, eager sentences” which reflect his nervous energy and desire to win Nick over.

3.Gatsby’s Manners:

•Gatsby's manners are polite and gentlemanly, emphasizing his wealth and social status. He constantly projects an air of confidence, even when speaking about improbable or dramatic events in his life.

•His politeness, though, sometimes seems overly practiced, suggesting that it’s part of a persona he has carefully crafted.

4.Gatsby’s Emotional State:

•Gatsby exhibits a certain nervousness and intensity in this chapter. His eagerness to share his life story and to convince Nick of its truth reveals his insecurity.

•He seems emotionally vulnerable, especially when trying to impress Nick, which contrasts with his outward appearance of confidence.

Inconsistencies:

•One notable inconsistency is between Gatsby’s calm, controlled exterior and the underlying tension and nervous energy in his speech. While he attempts to project ease and assurance, his eagerness to convince Nick of his fabricated backstory reveals that something is amiss.

•The extravagant claims about his past—being educated at Oxford, hunting big game, and collecting jewels—seem rehearsed and slightly exaggerated, adding to the suspicion that Gatsby is not being fully honest.

Traits Emphasized:

•Charm and Politeness: Gatsby is portrayed as a charming figure who knows how to impress people, particularly with his carefully curated appearance and manners.

•Mysteriousness: His inconsistent and overly dramatic life story emphasizes his mysterious nature and hints that his outward persona hides a more complex reality.

•Nervousness/Insecurity: Beneath his calm exterior, Gatsby is portrayed as emotionally tense and insecure, particularly when trying to maintain his facade.

Stylistic Means Used:

•Metaphor: Gatsby’s smile is metaphorically described as having “eternal reassurance,” emphasizing his charm and ability to make others feel special.

•Irony: There is a subtle irony in the contrast between Gatsby’s calm demeanor and the implausibility of his stories, which raises doubts in Nick’s mind.

•Imagery: Vivid imagery is used to describe his smile and mannerisms, particularly in how they affect others, creating a sense of his magnetic personality.

•Repetition: The repeated references to Gatsby’s nervousness and tension underline his inner emotional state, despite the calm appearance he tries to maintain.

4.Comment on the juxtaposition of the following paragraphs: Over the great bridge, with the sunlight through the girders making a constant flicker upon the moving cars, with the city rising up across the river in white heaps and sugar lumps all built with a wish out of non-olfactory money. The city seen from the Queensboro Bridge is always the city seen for the first time, in its first wild promise of all the mystery and the beauty in the world. A dead man passed us in a hearse heaped with blooms, followed by two carriages with drawn blinds and by more cheerful carriages for friends. The friends looked out at us with the tragic eyes and short upper lips of south-eastern Europe, and I was glad that the sight of Gatsby’s splendid car was included in their somber holiday. As we crossed Blackwell’s Island a limousine passed us, driven by a white chauffeur, in which sat three modish Negroes, two bucks and a girl. I laughed aloud as the yolks of their eyeballs rolled toward us in haughty rivalry. What is revealed in them? What sides of life are opposed? Can the mention of the hearse here foreshadow a tragedy?

1.Juxtaposition of the Paragraphs: The two paragraphs are placed side by side to highlight stark contrasts between different aspects of life in New York during the Jazz Age. The first paragraph paints a vibrant, idealized image of the city, emphasizing its mystery, beauty, and promise. The second paragraph abruptly shifts to more sobering and somber images, including the hearse, death, and glimpses of social divisions. The juxtaposition presents both the allure and the underlying darker reality of the world Gatsby inhabits.

2.What is revealed in them?

•The first paragraph reveals the city as a place of endless possibility, where dreams seem within reach, and the atmosphere is infused with promise. The description of the city "rising up across the river" symbolizes a hopeful, exciting future.

•The second paragraph reveals more complex and less idealized aspects of life. It introduces themes of death, social class, and racial dynamics. The dead man in the hearse reminds us of mortality, while the passing limousine with "modish Negroes" hints at tensions regarding race and social status in 1920s America. The contrast between the solemnity of the funeral and the laughter

at the limousine's passengers shows the coexistence [kəʊɪgˈzɪst(ə)ns]of tragedy and absurdity.

3.What sides of life are opposed?

•Idealism vs. Reality: The first paragraph embodies the dreamlike, almost magical idealism of the city, filled with hope and beauty. The second paragraph brings reality to the forefront—death, social hierarchies [ˈhaɪərɑːkɪ], and racial divisions. These opposing sides highlight the tension between Gatsby’s dream world and the harsher realities lurking [ˈlɜːkɪŋ] beneath.

•Life vs. Death: The vibrant, optimistic description of the city contrasts with the presence of the hearse, symbolizing death and the inevitability of mortality. This juxtaposition [ʤʌkstəpəˈzɪʃn] emphasizes how fleeting the promises of life can be.

•Social Mobility vs. Social Boundaries: The image of Gatsby’s luxurious car symbolizes wealth and social aspiration, while the presence of the racially charged imagery of the "modish Negroes" in the limousine, watched with both humor and disdain, reflects the rigid social structures of the time.

4.Can the mention of the hearse here foreshadow a tragedy? Yes, the mention of the hearse can be seen as foreshadowing tragedy, particularly Gatsby's own fate. The presence of death in a moment otherwise filled with hope and grandeur suggests that underneath the surface of Gatsby's success and glamour lies the shadow of an impending downfall. It serves as a subtle reminder of mortality and the fragility of dreams, hinting at the tragic end awaiting Gatsby as his dream unravels.

5.Focus on the character of Mr Wolfsheim. What does his surname imply? Comment on his appearance, manners, speech? What stylistic devices are used to make his traits more tangible?

1. What does Mr. Wolfsheim’s surname imply?

The surname Wolfsheim carries symbolic weight. It combines “wolf” with the German suffix “-heim,” which means home. The name suggests predatory instincts, hinting at Wolfsheim’s dangerous and cunning nature, much like a wolf. It emphasizes his role as someone who operates in the shadows, involved in illegal or morally dubious activities, a common association with the criminal underworld.

2. Comment on his appearance, manners, and speech:

•Appearance: Wolfsheim’s physical description is rather unflattering and distinct. He is described as having a “large head,” a “flat nose,” and “tiny eyes,” which makes him appear somewhat animalistic and sly. These features align with his implied predatory nature.

•Manners: He is polite but in a way that feels calculated and slightly menacing. Wolfsheim is extremely cautious, not immediately forthcoming with information, which reveals his secretive, distrustful nature. His behavior is marked by subtle hints of criminal sophistication, but there’s also an underlying sleaziness.

•Speech: His speech patterns include a thick accent, and he often mispronounces words, like saying "Oggsford" instead of Oxford. This suggests he is not part of the refined social elite but has worked his way into wealth and influence through other, less legitimate means. His language is also cryptic and indirect, especially when discussing illegal matters, showing his wariness and underworld connections.

3.What stylistic devices are used to make his traits more tangible?

•Metaphor and Symbolism: The association of Wolfsheim with a “wolf” through his name symbolizes his predatory, cunning nature. His connections to criminal activities, including fixing the World Series, make him a figure of moral corruption, lurking beneath Gatsby’s glamorous world.

•Imagery: Detailed descriptions of Wolfsheim’s physical traits, like his "tiny eyes" and "hairy nostrils," create a vivid image that evokes unease and suspicion. The portrayal of his features makes him appear almost grotesque, amplifying the sense of danger and deceit that surrounds him.

•Dialect/Phonetic Speech: The use of phonetic speech in Wolfsheim’s dialogue (e.g., “Oggsford”) highlights his background and distinguishes him from the more refined characters, underscoring his outsider status. This device also makes his character feel more real and tangible to the reader, bringing out his rough, less-polished nature.

•Irony: There’s irony in Wolfsheim’s association with Gatsby, a man striving for wealth and status. While Gatsby represents an idealized version of the American Dream, Wolfsheim represents the corrupt means through which such wealth is often attained. The contrast adds depth to both characters.

6. What is Wolfsheim’s business? How is he connected with Gatsby? What does he say about Gatsby? Why?

1. What is Wolfsheim’s business?

Wolfsheim is involved in organized crime. He is described as a shady character who operates in illegal activities, and his most notorious claim to fame is his involvement in fixing the 1919 World Series—a major scandal that emphasizes his criminal background. His business dealings are likely focused on bootlegging and gambling, fitting the context of the Jazz Age and Prohibition era.

2. How is he connected with Gatsby?

Wolfsheim is a close associate and mentor to Gatsby. He is implied to have helped Gatsby gain wealth through illegal means, possibly involving bootlegging or other criminal enterprises. Their relationship shows that Gatsby's fortune, though glamorous, is tainted by his connections to the criminal underworld. Wolfsheim is one of the key figures who facilitated Gatsby's rise to wealth, making him instrumental in Gatsby’s success, though his involvement highlights the darker side of Gatsby’s aspirations.

3. What does he say about Gatsby? Why?

Wolfsheim speaks highly of Gatsby’s character, describing him as a “perfect gentleman” and praising his loyalty. He says Gatsby is a man who would “never so much as look at a friend’s wife,” emphasizing Gatsby’s honor and integrity in his personal dealings. Wolfsheim also calls Gatsby “very careful about women,” which reflects Gatsby’s single-minded devotion to Daisy.

Wolfsheim’s praise serves several purposes:

•To elevate Gatsby’s image: By describing Gatsby as morally upright, Wolfsheim tries to present Gatsby as trustworthy and honorable, despite his own shady background.

•To show personal loyalty: Wolfsheim values loyalty and respect, so he speaks well of Gatsby to affirm their bond, showing that despite Gatsby’s involvement in criminal activities, he maintains certain principles.

•To defend Gatsby’s reputation: Wolfsheim may also be attempting to protect Gatsby’s image in front of Nick, as he sees Gatsby’s reputation as important to maintain in the world they navigate.

7. Comment on the brief meeting of Nick and Gatsby with Tom Buchanan in the chapter. What is the effect of Gatsby’s abrupt disappearance at the end of the episode?

1. The Meeting:

In this chapter, Nick introduces Gatsby to Tom Buchanan. This moment is significant because it is the first time Tom meets the man who is romantically involved with his wife, Daisy, though Tom is unaware of the affair at this point. The encounter is polite but awkward, as the power dynamics between the characters subtly play out.

•Tom’s Reaction: Tom is dismissive of Gatsby, treating him as just another social inferior, despite Gatsby’s wealth. Tom doesn’t see Gatsby as a real threat at this moment, underscoring his arrogance and sense of superiority. He is unaware of the deeper connection between Gatsby and Daisy.

•Gatsby’s Behavior: Gatsby is visibly uncomfortable during this meeting. He is usually composed and confident, but in Tom’s presence, he becomes awkward and evasive. This shift in Gatsby’s demeanor foreshadows the tension and rivalry that will come to a head later in the novel.

2.Effect of Gatsby’s Abrupt Disappearance:

Gatsby's abrupt disappearance at the end of the encounter is a key moment that adds a layer of mystery and complexity to his character.

•Psychological Impact: Gatsby’s sudden vanishing act shows his discomfort and unease in Tom’s presence. It reflects the tension between his idealized vision of Daisy and the harsh reality of her marriage to Tom. This avoidance suggests that Gatsby is not yet ready to face the full reality of the situation or to confront Tom directly.

•Symbolic Meaning: Gatsby’s disappearance symbolizes his fragile, elusive dream. His tendency to withdraw when faced with real conflict underscores the gap between his idealized world and the practical challenges of achieving it. This moment hints at Gatsby's vulnerability—despite his wealth and carefully crafted persona, he is emotionally unprepared to challenge Tom for Daisy’s love openly.

•Foreshadowing: The abrupt exit also foreshadows the growing tension between Gatsby and Tom, which will later erupt into a full confrontation.