Identify types of clauses in the following text.
Independent Clause: “Mr. Hosokawa could not seem to startle up any concern for Nansei.”
Relative Clause: “The company that had been his life, his son, had fallen away from him as thoughtlessly as a coin is dropped.”
Participial Clause: “While he stared at the weather he never wondered if his abduction had affected stock prices.”
Infinitive Clause: “He took a small spiral notebook from the pocket of his tuxedo jacket and, after inquiring as to the correct spelling from Gen, added the word garua to his list.”
Adverbial Clause of Time: “No sooner had he heard the beautiful words, dimora, patrono, than they vanished from memory.”
Conditional Clause: “But after only one week of captivity look at all the Spanish he had learned!”
Adverbial Clause of Manner: “The room was full of men he did not know and should know, though they all smiled and nodded to one another.”
Read the text and identify all members of the sentence, name the types of subjects and predicates:
Sentence 1:
“Imagine yourself in a mud hut in sub-Saharan Africa, or a simple dwelling somewhere in the tropics.”
Subject: Implied ‘you’
Predicate: “Imagine yourself in a mud hut in sub-Saharan Africa, or a simple dwelling somewhere in the tropics.”
Type: Imperative sentence with a compound predicate
Sentence 2:
“As the sun sinks behind the horizon, your world is instantly plunged into gloom, and your activities curtailed or severely limited for long hours throughout the night.”
Subject: “your world,” “your activities”
Predicate: “is instantly plunged into gloom,” “curtailed or severely limited for long hours throughout the night”
Type: Complex sentence with compound subjects and predicates
Sentence 3:
“Unlike the affluent cities of the developed world, where sunset is the cue to flick a switch to light up the home, many developing countries lack the infrastructure to provide electricity via the national grid.”
Subject: “many developing countries”
Predicate: “lack the infrastructure to provide electricity via the national grid”
Type: Compound-complex sentence with a main clause and an adverbial clause
Sentence 4:
“Here, chores and schoolwork must be done by the dim, flickering light of a candle, or by the light of a kerosene lamp, which is both toxic and expensive, as well as being the cause of numerous accidents.”
Subject: “chores and schoolwork”
Predicate: “must be done by the dim, flickering light of a candle, or by the light of a kerosene lamp”
Type: Simple sentence with a compound predicate and a relative clause
Sentence 5:
“Yet in sunny latitudes a radically simple, safe and limitless source of energy is already at hand; the age-old power of the sun, harnessed by means of photovoltaic solar panels, is steadily revolutionising the lives of some of the poorest people on the planet.”
Subject: “a radically simple, safe and limitless source of energy,” “the age-old power of the sun”
Predicate: “is already at hand,” “is steadily revolutionising the lives of some of the poorest people on the planet”
Type: Compound sentence with two independent clauses
Sentence 6:
“In the developed world, where the demand for energy is disproportionately high, a huge outlay is required to install panels large enough to produce all the electricity consumed by the average household.”
Subject: “a huge outlay”
Predicate: “is required to install panels large enough to produce all the electricity consumed by the average household”
Type: Complex sentence with a main clause and an adverbial clause
Sentence 7:
“But where energy consumption is lower, these panels are relatively inexpensive to produce and install, and provide a practical means of generating electricity.”
Subject: “these panels”
Predicate: “are relatively inexpensive to produce and install,” “provide a practical means of generating electricity”
Type: Compound sentence with a main clause and a coordinating conjunction
Sentence 8:
“As a result, people are literally empowered to gain access to the benefits of civilisation that are taken for granted in wealthy nations: lighting; household appliances such as cookers, fridges and pumps; and mobile phones and computers that allow people to link up, communicate and do business, and thus stand a chance of competing in global markets.”
Subject: “people”
Predicate: “are literally empowered to gain access to the benefits of civilisation”
Type: Complex sentence with a main clause and a relative clause
Sentence 9:
“It is a staggering fact that in just one hour the sun is capable of producing enough power to fuel the world’s current annual energy consumption.”
Subject: “It” (expletive subject)
Predicate: “is a staggering fact that in just one hour the sun is capable of producing enough power to fuel the world’s current annual energy consumption”
Type: Complex sentence with a main clause and a noun clause
Sentence 10: “In the coming decades, solar power could be the key to reducing our current dependence on fossil fuels and solving the problem of dwindling resources.”
Subject: “solar power”
Predicate: “could be the key to reducing our current dependence on fossil fuels and solving the problem of dwindling resources”
Type: Simple sentence with a compound predicate
Sentence 11:
“Moreover, if the world’s governments can collaborate to create and implement energy policies on a global scale, and switch to renewable energy sources, it may be possible to reverse, or at least halt, the impending catastrophe of massive climate change.”
Subject: “it” (expletive subject)
Predicate: “may be possible to reverse, or at least halt, the impending catastrophe of massive climate change”
Type: Complex sentence with a main clause and a conditional clause
Sentence 12:
“The inexhaustible power of the sun, which first gave life to our planet, might one day be its salvation.”
Subject: “The inexhaustible power of the sun”
Predicate: “might one day be its salvation”
Type: Simple sentence with a relative clause
This text uses a variety of sentence structures to convey its message, employing both simple and complex subjects and predicates to describe the situation and potential of solar energy. The subjects range from inanimate objects like “solar panels” to abstract concepts like “the inexhaustible power of the sun,” while the predicates describe actions, states, or conditions related to these subjects. The use of expletive subjects like "it