The organs of Speech and their Function
.docx«The organs of Speech and their Function»
In any language people speak (if they have no physical defects) using their organs of speech (Fig. 1). В презентации картинка
ORGANS OF SPEECH AND THEIR FUNCTION
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1.1 Organs of speech.
1) the larynx
2) the vocal cords
3) the nasal cavity
4) the mouth cavity
5) the lips (upper/lower)
6) the teeth (upper/lower)
7) the alveolar ridge
8) the hard palate
9) the soft palate with the uvula
10) the tongue
- the tip of the tongue
- the front of the tongue
- the middle of the tongue
- the back of the tongue
11) the pharynx
12) the epiglottis
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1.2 The roof of the mouth is divided into:
The alveolar ridge
The hard palate
The soft palate with the uvula
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How sounds are produced.
The air passes from the lungs through the larynx into the pharynx and into the mouth cavity. If the soft palate is lowered, the air passes through the nasal cavity.
The vocal cords are in the larynx. They can be brought together, and when the air stream goes between them, they vibrate and produce voice.
When the vocal cords are wide apart the air stream passes between them freely, they do not vibrate and no voice is produced.
The space between the vocal cords is called the glottis (голосовая щель).
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The tongue has no physical division like the palate. However its surface is conventionally divided into three parts corresponding to the parts of the roof of the mouth. They are: the blade with the tip, the front and the back.
When the tongue is at rest, the blade with the tip lies opposite the alveolar ridge, the front of the tongue lies opposite the hard palate, and the back of the tongue lies opposite the soft palate.
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1.3. The air (or breath) passes from the lungs into the wind-pipe, then through the larynx into the pharynx and into the mouth cavity. If the soft palate is lowered, the air passes through the nasal cavity.
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1.4. The vocal cords are situated in the larynx. They can be brought together (without entirely closing the air-passage) and when the air stream is forced between them, they vibrate and produce voice. When the vocal cords are wide apart, the air stream passes be- tween them freely, they do not vibrate and no voice is produced. The space between the vocal cords is called the glottis.
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1.5. The organs of speech are divided into movable and fixed. The movable speech organs take an active part in the articulation of speech-sounds and are called active organs of speech.
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Active and passive speech organs.
The fixed speech organs with which the active organs form obstruction are called passive organs of speech. The passive speech organs serve as points of articulation.
The organs of speech are devided into active and passive.
The active speech organs take an active part in the articulation of sounds. They are:
the lips
the tongue
the soft palate with the uvula
the vocal cords
The passive speech organs serve as points of articulation. They form obstructions with the active speech organs. They are:
the teeth
the alveolar ridge
the hard palate