Adjective

Adjective -is a notional part of speech which modifies the noun.

Can express:

1)qualities(large, modern, quite);

2)physical and emotional states(cold, busy, friendly, happy);

3)origin(Asian, Russian);

4)opinions(excellent, fantastic, cool);

5)frequency(weekly, daily, regular)

Morphological Classification :

1)Simple(young ,new, fresh);

2) Derived(careful, woody, rainy);

3)Compound(well-known, much-praised, man-made)

Adg. fall into 2 groups:

1)Qualitative-denote properties of a substance directly(great, calm, gold, beautiful);

2)relative-describe properties of a substance through relation to some material (woolen, wooden, golden, cotton, glass, plastic, metal) ;To place(Italian, European); To time (ancient, contemporary)

The usual word order is: Demonstrative (that, this, a/an)-Opinion (pretty, ugly)-Value (expensive, good)-Size-Age-Shape-Colour-Origin(British)-Material(wooden, plastic)-Temperature( cold, hold)-Purpose( washing machine) – Noun

Degrees of Comparison:

1)the Positive DoC ( good, bad;

2)the Comparative DoC (better, worse, smaller, more beautiful);

3)the Superlative DoC (the best, the worst)

The comparative and superlative DoC are formed in the :

1) Synthetic (суф-кс - er, -est Example: fine-finer-finest);

2) Analytic (more, the most Example: difficult- more difficult- the most difficult);

3) Suppletive (good-better-the best; little-less-the lest)

Искл (можно и 2 и 3): angry, clever, common, cruel, friendly, gently, handsome, narrow, pleasant, polite, quite, simple.

Substantivized Adj:

1. Wholly adj. (acquire all the features of nouns ( number , case, articles) They denote:

1) Class nouns: a relative, a native, a savage, a criminal, a white, a black, a romantic, a cynic, a daily…)

2) Names of some nationalities: a Russian, an American

3) Names of colours

2. Partially Sub. Adj. take the definite article

1) All the persons possessing some common quality or feature as a group (the old, the young)

2) Names of nations ending in –sh, -ch, -ss

3) Abstract notions: the beautiful, the unbelievable...)

4) Adj. in the following prepositional set-phrases (in the negative, to the quick)