APA Referencing

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STUDENT LEARNING SUPPORT

English · Academic Skills ·

Library extension learningsupport@bond.edu.au

Student Court

2 Places to reference

•In-text

•List at end (Reference list / Bibliography list)

•Example essay with referencing

Paraphrase

Paraphrase

•Smith (2009) states that Australia is likely to suffer a recession.

•According to Smith, Australia is likely to suffer a recession (2009).

•Australia is likely to suffer a recession (Smith, 2009).

In-Text

In-text Examples

Quote

•“The recession is coming!” (Smith, 2009, p.4).

•“The recession is coming!” (Smith, 2009, para.4).

•According to Smith, “the recession is coming” (2009, p.4).

•Smith points out that “the recession is coming” (2009, p.4).

In-Text

Information to include

•Author surname(s)

•Year of publication

•If it’s a direct quote include the page number, or if it’s from a long website, use the paragraph number or section

In-Text

Rules – multiple authors

• Use ‘&’ only in brackets

According to Smith and Jones (2009), laptops were a hindrance.

Laptops were a hindrance (Smith & Jones, 2009)

•3 -5 authors - use all names first time and then first person + et al. e.g. (Jones et al., 2005)

•6+ authors - always use first name + et al.

In-Text

Rules – multiple authors

•3 -5 authors - use all names first time and then first person + et al.

According to Jones, Smith, Brown and Roberts (2013), students tended to use Facebook in class.

Johnson (2012) also found social media use common in lectures. Students spent an average of 10 minutes on Facebook during a lecture (Jones et al., 2013)

• 6+ authors - always use first name + et al.

In-Text

Practice

Write the in-text reference for the articles on the handout

e.g. (Whitaker & Hartman, 2008)