HOW TO SCORE THE NEPSY-II 145

well as descriptions of the criteria and examples for each item. After a good bit of practice, you will internalize the criteria and you will not need to refer to the examples so frequently. However, no matter how experienced you are, if you are in doubt whether a design element meets a criterion, be sure to check Appendix B.

QUICK-SCORING: DESIGN COPY GENERAL (DCG)

If you are using the quick-scoring method, the Scoring Criteria for Design Copying General are found on pp. 159–166 in the Administration Manual.

Step 1: Score Each Design 1 or 0

The drawing must meet all of the criteria for an item to receive a score of 1. Circle 1 or 0 in the General column on the left side of the page.

Step 2: Compute DCG Total Score (Raw Score) and DCG Percentile Rank

When you have scored all items, add up the scores for the DCG Total Score (raw score) and enter it in the first box on the left-hand side of the first row of scoring boxes of the DC Record Form. The colored arrow below it directs you to Table A.1 to look up the DCG Percentile Rank, which is entered in the appropriate scoring box to which the arrow points. This is the complete scoring process for DCG.

DESIGN COPYING PROCESS (DCP) SCORING

The Scoring Criteria for the more diagnostic Design Copy Process scoring are found on pp. 167–182. Criteria in this section clearly show which process scores are being addressed. These are denoted as Motor A and B; Global C and D; and Local D and F.

Step 1: Score Motor

Score Motor A and B completely, then add those scores and fill in the DCP Motor Score (raw score) box that is second from the left in the top row of DC scoring boxes in the Record Form.

Step 2: Score Global

Score Global C and D and add the score before filling in the DCP Global Score box.

Step 3: Score Local

Score Local E and F and add the score before filling in the DCP Local Score box.

146 ESSENTIALS OF NEPSY-II ASSESSMENT

Step 4: Obtain the DCP Total Score (Raw Score)

Add the Motor + Global + Local raw scores to yield the DCP Total Score. Enter this in the far right-hand box on the top row of DC scoring boxes.

Step 5: Derive the DCP Scaled Scores for Motor, Global, and Local

Turn to Table A.1 as seen on the colored arrow beneath each DCP scoring box. Look up the DCP Motor Scaled Score (SS), the DCP Global SS, and the DCP Local SS, and enter in the appropriate boxes below the colored arrows.

Step 6: Derive the Contrast Score

You will note that there is a pale colored triangle on the Record Form that encompasses the DCP Global Scaled Score and the DCP Local Scaled Score, which you have just looked up in Table A.1. Now turn to Table C.3, as indicated on the colored arrow in the shaded area. The child’s DCP Local Scaled Score is located on the vertical axis and the child’s Global Scaled Score range is located on the horizontal axis at the top of Table C.3. Tracing lines across and down, one will

find the value of the DC Global vs. Local Contrast Scaled Score that will be entered in the appropriate box beneath the C.3 colored arrow. You have now finished scoring the DCP test and are ready to interpret all of the elements of DC individually, as well as the effect of all elements taken together and the contrast between DC Local and Global performance.

Inhibition Subtest

The Inhibition (IN) subtest yields many scores that provide a great deal of diagnostic information. However, scoring it looks a bit more intimidating than it actually is. As the Inhibition subtest was administered you recorded the completion time in seconds for Test Item 1 (Shapes) and for Test Item 2 (Arrows) in each condition: Naming, Inhibition, and Switching. You have also checked off whether or not the child pointed to the stimuli as he or she was taking the test. You have also put a slash mark over errors (incorrect response or skipped response on the Record Form). Further, if the child has self-corrected, you have made the notation SC

HOW TO SCORE THE NEPSY-II 147

over the response. Therefore, for each of the three conditions, you are actually well-prepared for scoring.

Step 1: Totaling Uncorrected and Self-corrected Errors for Naming, Inhibition, and Switching Conditions

You have already recorded Completion Time in the last shaded scoring box in the column for each condition, so that score is done. Further, you have also checked off Y or N for the Behavioral Observation—Points to Stimuli for each condition in Items 1 and Items 2. Now, by moving across the section for each condition row by row, adding the slash marks, you will find the value of Uncorrected Errors for each condition for Item 1 and Item 2. Enter this value in the first box in the scoring column for each condition. Then go back and look for all SC notations for Self-corrected Errors, add them up for each condition, and enter the value in the Self-corrected Errors scoring box for each condition. It is the second scoring box in each column.

Step 2: Computing Total Errors for Shapes and Arrows

Now all of the scoring boxes in each column have been filled, except the third one in each column, which is labeled Total Errors. Add together the values in the scoring boxes for Uncorrected Errors and Self-corrected Errors for each condition. Enter the value in the appropriate box for each condition in both items. Then add the values in the Total Errors boxes for Item 1 and place this total in the Item 1: Shapes Total Errors scoring box beneath the line at the bottom of the left-hand page of the Record Form. Now repeat this step for Item 2: Arrows Total Errors and enter the value in the right-hand box below the line at the bottom of the left-hand page of the Record Form.

Step 3: Total Behavioral Observations

Total the Y responses for the Naming Condition for Item 1 and for Item 2. Move to the right-hand page of the Inhibition Record Form and under the label Behavioral Observations, enter the value in the bubble labeled INN (Naming condition) Points to Stimuli Total. Now repeat the process for INI (Inhibition condition) Points to Stimuli Total and INS (Switching condition) Points to Stimuli Total, and enter the totals.

Step 4: Finding INN, INI, and INS Totals

Next you will find the INN Total Uncorrected Errors by adding Uncorrected Errors for Item 1 and Item 2. Enter the resulting total in the Inhibition Naming INN Total Uncorrected Errors scoring box, the first box under the Behavioral Observation bubble. Using this same procedure find the Inhibition condition

INI Total Uncorrected Errors and Inhibition Switching INS Total Uncorrected Errors

148 ESSENTIALS OF NEPSY-II ASSESSMENT

and enter them in the first scoring box in the scoring column for each condition on the right-hand page of the Record Form. Now compute the total of self-corrected errors for each condition by adding together the Self-corrected Error Scores from Item 1 and Item 2. The resulting values will be entered as

INN Total Self-corrected Errors, INI Total Self-corrected Errors, and INS Total Selfcorrected Errors in the second scoring box in the first column on the right-hand page of the Record Form. Add the two types of errors for each condition and enter these values as the INN Total Errors, the INI Total Errors, and the INS Total Errors. The fourth scoring box for each condition contains the value computed by adding the Total Completion Time for Item 1 and Item 2 for each condition, resulting in the INN Total Completion Time, the INI Total Completion Time, and the INS Total Completion Time.

Step 5: Tabulating Total Errors for Inhibition Test

Add together the Item 1 Shapes Total Errors and the Item 2 Arrows Total Errors that appear below the line at the bottom of the left-hand page of the Record Form. Enter the resulting raw score in the IN Total Errors scoring box at the bottom of the first column on the right-hand page of the Record Form. In Table A.1, as indicated by the colored arrow, look up the IN Total Errors Scaled Score and enter it in the bottom scoring box in the second column on the right-hand page. This is a Primary Score for the Inhibition Test.

Step 6: Look up Process Scaled Scores and Percentile Ranks

Continuing with Table A.1, look up the scaled scores or percentile ranks as indicated by the colored arrows pointing to the appropriate scoring boxes in the next column. The scores derived will be the Process Score Percentile Ranks for INN Total Uncorrected Errors, INI Total Uncorrected Errors, and INS Total Uncorrected Errors, as well as for INN Total Self-corrected Errors, INI Total Self-corrected Errors, and INS Total Self-corrected Errors. These are Process Scores for the Inhibition subtest.

Step 7: Look up Primary Scores for the Inhibition Test

The colored arrows also guide you to look up the percentile ranks for the INN, INI, and INS Total Error scores in Table A.1, as well as the INN, INI, and INS Completion Time Scaled Scores. Both sets of these scores are Primary Scores for the Inhibition subtest. The scoring boxes for these two sets of scores appear in a shaded path that leads to deriving the Combined Scores for the Inhibition Tests.

Step 8: Derive Combined Scores

A different table in Appendix B of the Clinical and Interpretation Manual appears on the colored arrow, guiding you to the derivation of each condition’s Combined Score. For the INN Combined Score you look up the value using the INN Total

HOW TO SCORE THE NEPSY-II 149

Errors Percentile Rank and the INN Total Completion Time Scaled Score (from Step 7) in Table B.10. For the INI Combined Score you look up the value using the INI Total Errors Percentile Rank and the INI Total Completion Time Scaled Score (from Step 7) in Table B.11, and for the INS Combined Score you look up the value using the INS Total Errors Percentile Rank and the INS Total Completion Time Scaled Score (from Step 7) in Table B.11. The resulting three values are entered in the INN Combined Scaled Score, INI Combined Scaled Score, and the INS Combined Scaled Score scoring boxes, respectively. The Combined Scores are Primary Scores for the Inhibition Test.

Step 9: Derive Contrast Scores

Dark green arrows and a shaded light green triangular shape encompassing the Combined Scores guide you to the derivation of the Contrast Scores for Inhibition: the INN vs. INI Contrast Scaled Score and the INI vs. INS Contrast Scaled Score.

The value for the first Contrast Score integrating the INN and INI Combined Scaled Scores is looked up in Table C.6 and the value is entered in the top scoring box on the far right side of the Record Form. The value for the second Contrast Score integrating the INI and INS Combined Scaled Scores is looked up in Table C.7 and the value is entered in the bottom scoring box on the far right side of the Record Form.

Using the previously outlined process will make scoring a logical progression and help you accomplish the task fairly quickly. This test is rich in diagnostic information and scoring it by hand for a while will help you understand better how the scores are derived.

MEMORY FOR DESIGNS AND MEMORY FOR

DESIGNS DELAYED (MD/MDD) SUBTESTS

The Memory for Designs (MD) and Memory for Designs Delayed (MDD) subtests assess immediate and delayed spatial memory for novel visual material. Like the Inhibition subtest, accurate recording will simplify the scoring process. There is a miniature grid for each Trial on both MD and MDD. On this you have recorded the numbers of the design cards in the squares where the child placed them during the testing. The numbers you have recorded will be used to derive the Content Score and the Spatial Score.

Memory for Designs

Step 1: Tabulating the MD Content Score

Using the numbers in the grid, circle the numbers the child placed in the grid in the Target and Distracter Columns. Then score under Content Score (Does the child remember the correct designs?) as follows:

150ESSENTIALS OF NEPSY-II ASSESSMENT

•Two points if only the Target card number is circled.

•One point if only the Distracter card number is circled or both the Target card number and the Distracter card number are circled.

•Zero points if neither the Target card number nor the Distracter card number is circled.

Total the numbers circled in the Content score column and write the value in the Content scoring box for that Trial. Then, proceed to the next Trial grid and compute the Content raw score for that Trial and so on until all Trials attempted are scored.

Step 2: Tabulating the MD Spatial Score

Return to the first Trial the child attempted (not the Teaching Example). Using the numbers recorded and printed in the miniature grid, mark the scores in the Spatial score column:

•One point if you have recorded a card number in a cell with a number printed within the cell.

•Zero points if you have not recorded a card number in a cell with a number printed within the cell.

Total the numbers circled in the Spatial Score column and write the value in the Spatial scoring box for that Trial. Then proceed to the next Trial grid and compute the Spatial raw score for that Trial and so on until all Trials attempted are scored.

Step 3: Tabulating MD Bonus Score

The next step is to determine if the child has earned Bonus points for recalling the correct designs in the correct locations for each. Looking at the miniature grid on the Record Form, score as follows:

•Two points if the card number recorded in the cell matches the printed number in the cell.

•Zero points if the card number recorded in the cell does not match the printed number in the cell.

Total the numbers circled in the Bonus column and write the value in the Bonus scoring box for that Trial. Then proceed to the next Trial grid and compute the Bonus raw score for that Trial and so on until all Trials attempted are scored.

Step 4: Totals for Each MD Trial

You now have three raw scores for Content, Spatial, and Bonus at the bottom of each Trial grid. Total these numbers and write the Total in the Total scoring box for each Trial.

HOW TO SCORE THE NEPSY-II 151

Step 5: Tabulate MD Content, MD Spatial, and MD Total Scores

Total all Content Scores for each Trial attempted and record this number in the MD Content Score box in the first row of scoring boxes under the colored line on the second page of the Memory for Designs Record Form. Total all Spatial Scores for each Trial attempted and record this number in the MD Spatial Score box on the first row under the colored line. Skip the Bonus score for each trial attempted, but add the Total score for each Trial attempted, which will reflect the Bonus points. Place the MD Total Score in the third scoring box under the colored line.

Step 6: Look up Primary (MD Scaled Score) and Process Scores (MD Content and MD Spatial Scaled Scores

Using the MD Content Score, the MD Spatial Score, and the MD Total Score, look up in Table A.1, as indicated on the colored arrows under each scoring box, the MD Content Scaled Score, the MD Spatial Scaled Score, and the MD Scaled Score (Total Scaled Score). The MD Scaled Score is the Primary Score for the Memory for Designs subtest, while the MD Content and MD Spatial Scaled Scores are Process Scores.

Step 7: Derive MD Contrast Scaled Scores

The MD Content vs. Spatial Contrast Scaled Score is derived next from the MD Content Scaled Score and the MD Spatial Scaled Score, as indicated by the pale colored shading on the Record Form. The colored arrow pointing to the Contrast scoring box shows that this score will be looked up in Table C.8.

Step 8: Total Behavioral Observations

Finally, for the MD Behavioral Observation of Rule Violations, total the number of Y (Yes) boxes in which you have placed a X or checkmark during the MD testing.

Memory for Designs Delayed

The scoring for the age-appropriate Delayed Recall Trial is a simplified version of the MD scoring procedure, because there is only one Recall Trial.

Step 1: Compute MDD Content, Spatial, Bonus, and Total Scores

The MDD Content Score, MDD Spatial Score, Bonus, and MDD Total Score are computed in the same way as on the MD subtest, but there is just one Trial, so these values become the scores. Enter these values in the scoring boxes on the first row under the colored line on the MDD page of the Record Form.

Step 2: Look up MDD Scaled Scores

Using Table A.1, as indicated on the colored arrows pointing to the scaled score boxes, look up the MDD Content Scaled Score, the MDD Spatial Scaled Score, and the

152 ESSENTIALS OF NEPSY-II ASSESSMENT

MDD Scaled Score. Write these values in the first, second, and fourth scoring boxes of the second row. Now, transfer the MD Scaled Score from the MD Record Form page into the third scoring box in the second row of the MDD Record Form page.

Step 3: Look up MDD Content versus MDD Spatial Contrast Score and MD versus MDD Contrast Scores

Two shaded inverted triangles guide you to deriving the MDD Contrast Scaled Scores. The inverted triangle on the right encompasses the MDD Content Scaled Score and the MDD Spatial Scaled Score. The colored arrow indicates that Table C.9 is to be used to look up the MDD Content vs. Spatial Contrast Scaled Score. The resulting value is placed in the scoring box on the left at the bottom of the Record Form. The shaded inverted triangle on the right contains the MD Scaled Score and the MDD Scaled Score. The colored arrow pointing to the Contrast Score box shows that Table C.10 is to be used to derive the MD vs. MDD Contrast Scaled Score.

Step 4: Total Rule Violations

Finally, the number of Rule Violations for MD and MDD is totaled, yielding the

MD and MDD Rule Violations Total, which is written in the Behavioral Observations bubble, and completes the scoring process.

Visuomotor Precision Subtest

The Visuomotor Precision (VP) subtest, in which the child draws pencil lines through winding tracks as quickly as possible, is scored for both speed and precision, as well as the number of times that the child lifts the pencil while executing the lines.

Step 1: Total Time Raw Scores

Completion Time is recorded for each track when the child completes the task. The Completion Time raw scores for each track are added together to obtain the Total Time Completion raw score. This value is entered into the VP Total Completion Time box on the Record Form.

Step 2: Score Errors and Pencil Lifts

Errors include:

•Each segment of the track in which the child’s pencil line strays across the outside edge of the track. There must be white space between the child’s line and the outside edge of the track. A good rule of thumb is that if you can place a pencil point between the two lines, the mark is an error. If the child’s mark remains outside the outer edge of