+Контрольная работа 4

Man-made Elements

Искусственные элементы

A human being at last understood the elements well enough to make their own.

Наконец-то человек понял элементы достаточно хорошо, чтобы создавать свои собственные.

First, there were some elements still missing from the Periodic Table.

Во-первых, в Периодической таблице все еще отсутствовали некоторые элементы.

The fact was they were practically missing from nature, too.

Дело в том, что они также практически отсутствовали в природе.

Scientists had to make these elements themselves.

Ученые должны были создать эти элементы самостоятельно.

To make such elements meant first of all to carry on great experimental work.

Создать такие элементы означало, прежде всего, провести большую экспериментальную работу.

Many scientists worked hard at this problem.

Многие ученые усердно работали над этой проблемой.

In 1919 Ernest Rutherford was the first to change nitrogen to oxygen by bombarding nitrogen atoms with alpha-particles.

В 1919 году Эрнест Резерфорд был первым, кто превратил азот в кислород, бомбардируя атомы азота альфа-частицами.

Active

Passive

Simple

Progressive

Perfect

Perfect Continuous

Simple

Perfect

to make

to make

to make

to carry

to change

Model I: The problem which is to be solved by us is very interesting.

The problem to be solved by us is very interesting.

1. Many ores which are to be found in our region will be used in industry.

Many ores to be found in our region will be used in industry.

2. The report which will be made by this scientist deals with very important problems in the field of atoms.

The report to be made by this scientist deals with very important problems in the field of atoms.

3. The solution which is to be filtered was poured into a flask.

The solution to be filtered was poured into a flask.

Model II: He was the first who passed all his exams.

He was the first to pass all his exams.

1. Dalton was the first who deducted scientifically the atomic theory from experimental data.

Dalton was the first to deduct scientifically the atomic theory from experimental data.

2. She was the last who learned the news.

She was the last to learn the news.

3. This student was the last who left the laboratory.

This student was the last to leave the laboratory.

Model: There was only one method to be discussed.

to be discussed – attribute

1. To give a true picture of the surrounding matter is the task of natural science.

to give – Subject

2. They study English to read English articles on their major.

to read – Adverbial modifier of result

3. He has to translate the article.

to translate – Predicative

4. The first scientist to discover this phenomenon was M.V. Lomonosov.

to discover – Attributive

5. To be fully effective control must start with the production of raw materials.

To be fully – Adverbial modifier of result

6. In our experiment we are to compare the two gases.

to compare – Predicative

7. To explain this simple fact is not easy.

To explain – Subject

8. There are many scientific problems to be solved.

to be solved – Attributive

9. Our purpose was to determine the effect of X-rays on the substance under test.

to determine – Predicative

10. It is important to solve this problem.

to solve – Subject