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Ɋɢɫɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɎȺɉɑ
ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ Ɏɇɑ ɞɥɹ ɜɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɩɨɞ ɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵɩɨɥɨɫɵɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɩɨɥɨɫɚɡɚɯɜɚɬɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɭɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɟ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɢɞɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɤ ɜ ɊɉɍȾɥɹ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ȺɊɍ"
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɨɬ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɜɯɨɞ ɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ
Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɭ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɨ ɰɟɫɫɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ"
Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɞɜɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ"
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɢ ɞɚɣɬɟ ɢɦ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɪɟɠɢɦɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ȺɊɍ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɢ
ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ȺɊɍ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚ
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭ
ɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ
ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɑɬɨ
ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ"
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ Ɋɉɍ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɬɪɚɤ
ɬɟ ± ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ȼɑ ɢ ɇɑ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ Ⱥɉɑ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ⱥɉɑ ɢ ɞɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɞɨɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɪɚɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɨɯɜɚɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɑȺɉɑ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɜɚɪɢɤɚɩɚ ɨɬ ɡɚɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ
ɫɬɢɤɭ ɭɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ
ɑɬɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ⱥɉɑ"Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɭ ɚɜɬɨɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɡɚ
ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɩɪɢ ɡɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹɚɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɤɚɫɚɧɢɹE
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɑȺɉɑ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɑȺɉɑ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɞɨɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɫ ɎȺɉɑ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ
ɟɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ȼ ɱɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɎȺɉɑ ɨɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɑȺɉɑ"
ɉɨɤɚɠɢɬɟ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɬɪɟɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɎȺɉɑ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟ
ɧɢɹ ɮɚɡɵ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɩɨɪɬɪɟɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɎȺɉɑ
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɎȺɉɑ
Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ
ɱɬɨ ɧɢ ɜ ɱɟɦ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɦ
ȿɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɨ
ɨɧɨ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɢ ɥɨɠɧɨ
Ⱦɪɟɜɧɢɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɨɤɫ
ɂɡ ɤɧɢɝɢ ©ɍɱɟɧɵɟ ɲɭɬɹɬª
ɊȺɁȾȿɅ ,,, ɋɏȿɆɈɌȿɏɇɂɄȺ
ɊȺȾɂɈɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɏ ɍɋɌɊɈɃɋɌȼ
ɊȺɋɑȿɌɕ
Ɍɟɦɚ Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɪɚɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɟɦɤɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɶɸ ɫ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɨɣ> @
Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɜ ɡɚɜɢ
ɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɪɟɯ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɯ ɱɚ
ɫɬɨɬ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ± ɤȽɰ
11.1.1. ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɇɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ * ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ 5ɚ /ɚ &ɚ ɬɪɢɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɯɤɨɧɬɭɪɚɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɟɧɚɱɚɫɬɨɬɵI ɤȽɰ I ɤȽɰ ɢ I ɤɝɰ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɋɫɜ S) Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ F ɩɨ ɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɥɸɱɟɣ Ⱥ ɢ ȼ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɋɚɦɢɧ S) ɋɚɫɪ S) ɢ ɋɚɦɚɯ S) Ɋɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɢɫ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɥɸɱɟɣ ' ɢ ( ɇɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ 5ɧɚɝɪ ɹɜɥɹ
ɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɲɭɧɬɚ 5ɲ
ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ
Ɋɢɫɋɯɟɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɟɦɤɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɶɸ |
ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©(:%ª |
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Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ |
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ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ |
(ɞ ɰɚ ɢɡɦɟɪ |
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ɨɛɳɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ |
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ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ |
rA = 27 Ɉɦ |
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ɂɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ |
LA = 10 ɦɤȽɧ |
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ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ |
ɋɚ ɫɪ = 200 pF |
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ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ |
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ȿɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɨɣ |
ɋɫ = 22pF |
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ɂɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ |
Lk = 174 ɦɤȽɧ |
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ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ |
Rɲ = 75 ɤɈɦ |
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Ⱦɨɛɪɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ |
4N Ȧ /NUN |
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ɇɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ |
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ |
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ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ |
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ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ |
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ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ |
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Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ |
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IRɦɢɧ ɤȽɰ |
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ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ IRɫɪɟɞɧ ɤȽɰ |
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Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ IRɦɚɯ ɤȽɰ |
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Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ |
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ɋɚɦɚɯ S) |
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Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ |
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ɋɚɦɢɧ S) |
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11.1.2. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ I ɤȽɰ Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ
Kɜɰ KȺ KɎ
ɝɞɟɄȺ0± ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢɄɮ0 ± ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟ ɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ
KȺ Z LK C S f LK C
ɝɞɟ
CCcCAɫɪ
Cc CAɫɪ
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C |
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ɩɎ |
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ɂɬɨɝɨ |
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K Ⱥ |
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S |
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KɎ |
dɗ |
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ɝɞɟdɷ ± ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ȼɐ |
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d |
ɗ |
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K |
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K A rA |
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U |
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R |
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U |
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ɲ |
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dɤ± ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ȼɐ |
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QK |
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dK |
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dK |
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ȡ± ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ |
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U Z LK S f LK |
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U S |
Ɉɦ |
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ɋɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ |
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UN |
UGN |
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UN |
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Ɉɦ |
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ɗ |
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Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ |
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KɎ |
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ɂɬɚɤ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ I |
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ɤȽɰ |
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Kɜɰ |
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ɉɪɨɜɟɞɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ
ɧɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ I ɤȽɰ Ʉɚɧɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ I ɤȽɰ Ʉɚ
11.1.3. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɧɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨ
ɧɚ ɩɨ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɨɬ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɬɚɛɥ ɢ ɬɚɛɥ Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ ɋɚɫɪ S)
ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
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y |
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fPLQ |
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fPLQ |
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f |
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ɂɡ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɩ ɢɦɟɟɦ |
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ɞɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚdɗ |
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ɞɥɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚdɗ |
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Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟ |
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ɧɢɸ |
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K |
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K |
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© dɗ ¹ |
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Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ |
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f, ɤȽɰ |
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y |
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K/K0 |
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Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ |
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f, |
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ɤȽɰ |
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y |
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K/K0 |
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Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ
ɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ
11.1.4. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɨɥɨɫɭ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɟɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢ
ɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
– ɞɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ: fPLQ ɤȽɰ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
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Z LK C |
S fPLQ LK C |
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ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ
U Z LK S f LK S Ɉɦ
ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ
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ɂɡ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ |
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© dɗ ¹ |
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ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ
ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɧɚ ɞɛ ɩɪɢɪɚɜɧɹɟɦ
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ɗɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɱɬɨ¨§ |
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© dɗ ¹ |
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Ɍɨ ɟɫɬɶ |
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ɂɡ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ |
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Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ |
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ɉɟɪɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɵɲɟ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ f ! fPLQ y |
dɗ |
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ɂɡ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ
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ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
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ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ f |
f PLQ y |
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ɂɡ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ |
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ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
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ɉɨɥɨɫɚ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ |
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– ɞɥɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ: fPD[ |
ɤȽɰ |
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KȺ Z LK C |
S fPD[ LK C |
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Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɸ |
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ɉɟɪɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ f fPD[ y |
dɗ |
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ɂɡ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ |
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ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
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ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ f ! fPD[ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭy |
dɗ |
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ɂɡ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ |
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ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ |
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ɉɨɥɨɫɚ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ |
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ɉ f f ɤȽɰ
ɋɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ
ɥɨɫɵ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ
11.1.5.Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɟ ɧɚ ɦɚɤ
ɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ
ɉɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ
ɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ
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G f |
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fPD[ |
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CAPD[ CAɫɪ |
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CAPD[ CAPLQ |
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Ⱦɥɹ fPD[ |
ɤȽɰ ɋɄ± ɩɨɥɧɚɹ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɚɹ ɺɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ |
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ɉɪɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɢɟɦɤɨɫɬɢɚɧɬɟɧɧɵɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ
G f fPD[ |
C |
CAPLQ |
CAɫɪ |
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CK |
CAPD[ CAPLQ |
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