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ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɩɟɪɟ
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ Ɍ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚɦɢ Ɍ ɢ Ɍ ȼ ɰɟɩɶ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ Ɍ ɩɨɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ȿ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ 8ɪɟɝ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ȿ ɜɵɛɢɪɚ ɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ Ɍ ɛɵɥ ɡɚɤɪɵɬ ɢ ɜɟɫɶ ɬɨɤ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ Ɍ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɥ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɍ
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɟɧ ɉɪɢ ɩɨ
ɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɍ ɭɜɟɥɢ
ɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɬɨɤ ɱɟɪɟɡ Ɍ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢ
ɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ
10.4.3.Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɇɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɣ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ
ɫɜɹɡɢ Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɢɫɬɨɤɚ
ɗɬɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧ ɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɦ 5ɢɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɢɨɞɚ ɢ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɦ 5
ɊɢɫɊɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɫ ȺɊɍ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
Ʉ ɞɢɨɞɭ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɦɟɳɟ ɧɢɹ ȿ ɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ Xɪ
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɨɞ ɨɬɤɪɵɬ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨ
ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɟɧ ɉɪɢ
ɩɨɞɚɱɟɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɞɢɨɞɚɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ
10.4.4. Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟ
ɫɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ, ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ
ɜɰɟɩɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ȼ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɦ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɥɚɜɧɨ
ɇɚ ɪɢɫ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɢɥɢ
ɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɢ
ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɰɟɩɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɊɢɫɈɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɫ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ
ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɥɸɱɚɦɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɨɢɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɞɨ
ɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɬ ɦɢɤɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ
ɧɢɹ ɪɚɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɨɦ
10.4.5.Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ
ɫɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ
ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɪɚɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ
ɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɰɟɩɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ
ɬɚɤɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ
ȼ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɟ ɩɥɟɱɨ Ƚ ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨ
ɜɵɣ ɞɢɨɞ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɨɞ ɡɚɤɪɵɬ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ±ȿ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɟɧ
ɊɢɫȾɟɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ
ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɞɢɨɞɚ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɹ
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ȺɊɍ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢ ɦɨɫɬɶ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɨɬ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ
ɉɭɫɬɶ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ Ʉ ɨɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩ
ɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ
. . DXS ɩɪɢ d DXS d
ɉɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ȺɊɍ
XS 8ɜɵɯ.Ⱦ.Ɏ
ȼɵɪɚɡɢɦ 8ɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ 8ɜɯ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ
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Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɟnd ɢɧɚɱɟ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɟ ɢɫɤɚɠɟ ɧɢɹ
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ
ȺɊɍɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɜ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚɯ, ɛɥɢɠɟ ɤ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɝɞɟɫɢɝɧɚɥɵɟɳɟ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɚɥɨɭɫɢɥɟɧɵɧɨɩɪɢɷɬɨɦɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɨɫɬɶɞɥɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɩɨ ɜɯɨɞɭ ɪ ɩɪɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ȺɊɍ ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚɯ
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ
ɪ¦ ɪ ɪ ɪn
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɧɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɚ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ȺɊɍ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ
ȼ ɪɚɞɢɨɜɟɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ Ɋɉɍ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ
ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɯ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɡɜɭɱɚ
ɧɢɹ ȼ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɬɟɤ
ɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɋɉɍ ɉɪɢɱɟɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɥɚɜɧɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ
ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɬɪɚɤɬɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɟɫɶ ± ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɯ ɉɪɨɫɬɟɣɲɢɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ±ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɝɨɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ 5ɨɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɨɫɚ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɢɹ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ Ɋɉɍ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɝɭ
ɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɡɜɭɱɚɧɢɹ ɉɨɥɨɫɚ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɡɦɟ
ɧɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɑɏ ɧɚ ɇɑ ɢ ȼɑ
ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ȼɑ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ ;F Ȧ& ɬɨ ɩɪɢ 5ɪ § ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ȼɑ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ
ɚ ɩɪɢ 5ɪ PD[ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ȼɑ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ
Ɋɢɫɉɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ȼɑ
ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ɇɑ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ
Ɋɢɫɉɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ɇɑ
ɇɚ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɛɵɱɧɭɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ
ɫɬɢɤɭ ɇɚ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɯ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɭɜɟ
ɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɏɫ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɝɨ ɲɭɧ
ɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ
ɋɯɟɦɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ
ɊɢɫȺɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ
ɗɬɨ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɣ ɈɈɋ ɧɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟ Ⱦɥɹ
ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɟɪɟɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɝɭ
ɥɢɪɨɜɤɨɣ Ⱥɑɏ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɯɟɦɭ ɂɋ Ʉ ɍɇ
ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɋ & 5 5 5 ɞɚɸɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɫɩɚɞ ɩɨɞɴɟɦ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚɇɑɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ&&5ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɭɫɩɚɞɩɨɞɴɟɦ ɬɟɦɛɪɚ ɧɚ ȼɑ
ɑɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɟ
ɞɟɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɵɯ ɰɟɩɟɣ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɜɟ
ɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɬ ɞ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ
ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɞɜɢɝ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɭɫɢ
ɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɪɢɫ ɗɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ
Ɋɢɫɋɞɜɢɝ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ
ȼɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɹɫɢɝɧɚɥɚɢɥɢɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɍɯɭɞɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɭɸ ɩɨɥɨɫɭ ɫɞɜɢɧɭɬɭɸ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɩɚɫɬɶ ɩɨɦɟɯɚ
Ⱦɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨ
ɞɢɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɞɜɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɤɬɪ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚ
ɫɬɨɬɵ Iɩɪɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɫɹ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɱɬɨ ɢ ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ ɜɵɲɟ Ɍ ɤ Iɩɪɨɦ IF
ɬɨ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɫɢɥɶɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨ
ɫɬɢ Ɋɉɍ
Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ
'f | f
ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ¨ɉ §± ɬ ɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ¨I ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɤɜɚɪɰɟɜɵɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ
Ⱦɥɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɢ ɞɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɵ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫ ɤɜɚɪɰɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɫ ɲɚɝɨɦ ɫɟɬɤɢ Ƚɰ ɞɥɹ Ɋɉɍ ɫ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ
Ⱦɥɹ Ɋɉɍ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
(Ⱥɉɑ).
10.7.1. Ʉɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ Ⱥɉɑ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦ
ɉɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɩɨ ɬɢɩɭ ɭɡɥɚ ɜ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɩɨɪɧɭɸ ɱɚ
ɫɬɨɬɭ ɫ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɸɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɉɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ ɪɚɡɥɢ
ɱɚɸɬ ±Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ
ɉɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ Iɩɪɨɦ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɰɟɩɶ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɚ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɚ ɦɨɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɰɟɩɢ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɪɢɫ
Ɂɚ ɨɩɨɪɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹ
ɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɞɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɧɭɥɸ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɨɬ
ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ Iɩɪɨɦ
Ɋɢɫɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ
±Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ Iɝ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɨɪɧɨɝɨ
ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ Iɨɝ ± ɪɢɫ
Ɋɢɫɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ
– ɋɦɟɲɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Ⱥɉɑɪɢɫ ± ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɞɜɭɯ ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɣ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪ ɧɚɫɬɪɨ
ɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ
ɉɪɢɡɧɚɤ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ Ⱥɉɑ ɩɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦ ɨɩɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ Ⱥɉɑ ɉɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ
ɫɬɪɨɹɬɫɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ⱥɉɑ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ
± ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ± ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ Ⱥɉɑ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢ
± ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɚɡ ± ɮɚɡɨɜɚɹ Ⱥɉɑ ɫɯɟɦɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɯɟɦ ɢ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɦ ɞɢɫɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɬɨɪɟ
Ɋɢɫɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ Ⱥɉɑ
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɯɟɦ ɫ ɮɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ ɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɚɡɨɜɨɦ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɟ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ I ɢ I±'I ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɭ 7 ɢ Ɍ'Ɍ Ɋɚɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɢ ɨɞɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɫɞɜɢɝ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
u U FRV Z 'Z t
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ
u U FRV Z M
ɝɞɟ ij ¨ȦW ± ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɞɜɢɝ ɧɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ Ƚɰ ɨɞɧɨ ɤɨ ɥɟɛɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɞɜɢɝɭ ɩɨ ɮɚɡɟ ɡɚ ɫ S
Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɧɚ
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'f Ƚɰ |
ɫɟɤ |
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ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɫɞɜɢɝ
'M S q ɢ ɬ ɞ
Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ (Ⱥɉɑ) ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ
ɉɭɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ Iɩɪ Iɝ ± Iɫ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ
f* f* 'f* fC fC 'fC
Ɍɨɝɞɚ
f3P f3P 'f* 'fC
ɝɞɟ
f3P f* fC ɚ'f3P 'f* 'fC
Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫɢɝ ɧɚɥɚ ɨɬ ɟɟ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɨɬ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɥɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɉɑ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɟɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɟ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ¨Iɩɪ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɨɬ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ɉɭɫɬɶ
'I* 'I*ɧɚɱ 'I*ɍɬɨɝɞɚ'I33 'I*ɧɚɱ 'I& 'I*ɍ
ɡɞɟɫɶ ¨Iɝɭ ± ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɱɚ
ɫɬɨɬɵ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɞɢɧɚ ± ɫɦ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɢɫ
Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɢɦ
'IɉɊɧɚɱ 'I*ɧɚɱ 'I&
ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ Ɍɨɝɞɚɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ⱥɉɑɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ
ɜɢɞɟ
'I33ɨɫɬ |
'I33ɧɚɱ 'I*ɍ |
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ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ |
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Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢ |
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I33 |
I& I* |
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ɬɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ Ⱥɉɑ ɡɚɩɢɲɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
'I33ɨɫɬ 'I33ɧɚɱ 'I*ɍ |
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ɇɚ ɪɢɫ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɞɨɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɪɚ ɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɨɯɜɚɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɱɚ ɫɬɨɬɵ ɑȺɉɑ
Ɋɢɫɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɞɨɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ ɪɚɞɢɨɩɪɢɟɦɧɢɤɚ ɨɯɜɚɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɬɪɨɣɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ