8. Передайте диалог, пересказанный в косвенной речи, в прямой речи.

When Alec met his friend David he said that he was interested to know what a programming language was. He knew each computer had a repertoire of operations to perform. So he wanted David to explain him if the notions a “machine language” and a “programming language” were the same. David agreed and began. He said that to perform a task a user must choose the appropriate instructions from the repertoire and sequence them properly. So the means of specifying the instructions and their sequencing was called the “programming language”. Then Alec guessed that machine language was in reality a programming language and David said that his friend was quite right. He only emphasized that it was the lowest level programming language, the language of binary 1’s and 0’s. Alec remembered that computer hardware understood only a binary program but he wanted if there were any drawbacks to machine level coding. David answered that the drawbacks were numerous. The most inconvenient thing about the machine level coding was that it took a long time to learn, write and debug. He added that errors would very likely occur and the most unpleasant thing was that corrections were difficult to make. When Alec asked why Davis replied that the language itself was abstract and perhaps Assembly Language was easier in use. Alec thanked his friend and said he would have to go to the library and read some manual on programming languages.

Прямая речь

When Alec met his friend David he said, "I am interested to know what a programming language is". He knew each computer had a repertoire of operations to perform. So he wanted David to explain him if the notions a “machine language” and a “programming language” were the same. David agreed and began. He said, "To perform a task a user must choose the appropriate instructions from the repertoire and sequence them properly. So the means of specifying the instructions and their sequencing is called the “programming language”". Then Alec guessed, "Machine language is in reality a programming language" and David said, "You are quite right". He only emphasized, "It is the lowest level programming language, the language of binary 1’s and 0’s". Alec remembered, "Computer hardware understand only a binary program but I want if there are any drawbacks to machine level coding". David answered, "The drawbacks are numerous. The most inconvenient thing about the machine level coding is that it take a long time to learn, write and debug". He added, "Errors will very likely occur and the most unpleasant thing is that corrections are difficult to make". When Alec asked Davis, "Why you reply that the language itself is abstract and perhaps Assembly Language is easier in use". Alec thanked his friend and said, "I will have to go to the library and read some manual on programming languages".

8. Сгруппируйте предложения в зависимости от функции герундия, а затем переведите на русский язык.

1. Casting is a process of forming metal objects.

2. Numerous methods have been developed for producing metal castings.

3. The test needed increasing the temperature of the metal.

4. There are some ways of obtaining high quality alloys.

5. Aluminum has a melting point of 658.7° C. 6

. Melting may be done in cupolas, air furnaces, electric furnaces, etc.

7. Some metals require treatment before being placed in the melting furnace.

8. We know of electric furnaces being used for the production of high-grade castings.

9. Plastics are a new group of materials replacing natural products.

10.We know of metallurgical industry having made a great progress.

Подлежащее - 1, 6

Составное глагольное сказуемое - 3

Косвенное дополнение - 2

Определение - 4, 5

Обстоятельство - 7

Сложное дополнение - 8, 10

Сложное определение - 9

1. Литьё - процесс создания металлических предметов.

2. Разработано множество методов для производства металлического литья.

3. Для испытания необходимо увеличить температуру металла.

4. Существует несколько способов получения высококачественных сплавов.

5. Алюминий имеет температуру плавления 658.7 °C.

6. Плавка может выполняться в вагранках, воздушных печах, электропечах и т.д.

7. Перед загрузкой в плавильную печь некоторые металлы требуют обогащения.

8. Мы знаем, что электропечи используются для изготовления высококачественного литья.

9. Пластмассы - это новая группа материалов, заменивших натуральные продукты.

10. Мы знаем, что металлургия достигла больших успехов.