39. Use the following word combinations to compose imperative sentences of, varying degrees of strictness. Give milder forms first.

Model: to write smb a letter

Order	Prohibition
You must write me a letter. You are to write me a letter.	You mustn't write me letters. You can't write me letters. You're not to write me letters. You may not write me letters.

1. to wear sun glasses, 2. to drink lots of milk between meals, 3. to help the children with their lessons, 4. to take smb to the pictures, 5. to write an outline first, 6. to tell mother all about it, 7. to go and look for smb, 8. to ask smb to dinner.

40. A. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. She must have noticed it. 2. I simply had to take him along. 3. They must be trying to attract our attention. 4. You must try to catch her eye. 5. She must be a cousin. 6. I had to explain the rule twice to make it perfectly clear. 7. You must have explained it badly. They seem not to have understood. 8. A good teacher must be fond of children.

B. Translate into English:

1. Мені треба зробити покупки заздалегідь. 2. Напевно, вона знає про це. 3. Я був змушений поговорити з нею про це. 4. Напевно, вони про це говорили, коли зайшли. 5. Вона змушена проводити багато часу в лінгафонному кабінеті. 6. Напевно, вона проводить там багато часу.

41. A. Fill in the blanks with 'must', 'have', 'be'. Give variants where it can be done without changing the meaning. Introduce the particle 'to' where necessary:

1. What … they do to improve their speech habits? 2. I'm afraid we … stand most of the way, the train is overcrowded. 3. He … wait at the entrance. I've been here for twenty minutes already. He … overslept or something. 4. You … do better than that if you want to succeed. 5. You …n't take the cat to bed with you. 6. What a smell! Something … be burning down in the kitchen! 7. Who … do the washing up to day? 8. You … not touch anything here, 9. You … take every little thing into consideration. 10. He … become my closest friend.

B. Translate into English:

1. Мені потрібно бачити його сьогодні. 2. Мені довелося довго чекати. 3. Ви будете змушені написати їй. 4. Коли він повинен прийти? 5. Немає потреби так говорити. 6. Зараз же йди додому. 7. Не смій заперечувати. 8. Напевно, сьогодні холодно. 9. Вам потрібно переписати твір. 10. Нікого сюди не пускати. 11. Хто покаже нам музей? 12. Напевно, ви занадто багато працюєте.

Need

The modal verb need has only one form.

Note 15. The modal verb need should not be confused with the notional verb to need. The latter being a notional verb has non-finite forms, analytical forms of the verb, is used with auxiliary verbs in interrogative and negative constructions and takes direct objects.

E.g. 1. Do you need me today? 2. You will need a raincoat and rubber boots.

The modal verb need is used only in the primary and imperative meanings.

I. The primary meaning: absence of necessity.

In this meaning need has an equivalent — to have.

Pattern 21

Absence of Necessity

smb

need not does not have to

do smth — не потрібно

E.g. 1. He needn't go there. He can ring her up and inquire. 2. We don't have to buy the books. We get them from the library.