Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Grammar text book.doc
Скачиваний:
30
Добавлен:
30.06.2024
Размер:
902.66 Кб
Скачать

26. Translate into English. Use sentence patterns with 'can' and 'may'. Give variants where possible:

1. Вона могла вже приїхати. 2. Не може бути, щоб вона вже приїхала. 3. Невже вона сказала це? 4. можете піти і подивитись. 5. Можна мені користуватися словником? 6. Ви не могли б сказати, коли він прийде? 7. Він може зайти сюди по дорозі додому. 8. Ви могли б приходити вчасно. 9. Я не міг прийти вчасно. Мій потяг спізнився. 10. Ви б не принесли мені чашечку кави. 11. Хто б це міг зайти, коли нас не було вдома? 12. Ти могла б вимити посуд після обіду, а не базікати по телефону з подругою. 13. Час тобі самому вміти робити такі речі. 14. Собаку в купе брати не можна. Її можна відвести у багажний вагон. 15. Він міг передумати.

Must

The modal verb must has only one form. The verb has the following meanings:

I. The primary meaning: necessity

In this meaning must has an equivalent — to have.

Pattern 16

Necessity

smb

must

has to

do smth

had to

will have to

E.g. 1. I'm afraid I must (have to) go now. 2. There was no one to leave him with so I had to take him along. 3. He is out. You will have to come later.

27. Fill in the blanks with 'must' or 'have':

1. The dress is much too short for her, you … let it out. 2. We … wait for forty minutes because we missed the six fifteen. 3. I … stay in today. I … finish the composition. 4. These mushrooms … be boiled first. 5. She … get up very early to do the shopping. 6. If we don't find him in now we … go there again. 7. The students … write four tests a year, 8. If I don't hear from her today I … send her a telegram. 9. I couldn't come. I … see a doctor about that tooth; 10. He's too little for a long walk like that. Somebody … carry him part of the way.

The modal verb must in its primary meaning has another equivalent — to be — but there is a slight difference in meaning in this case.

To be denotes an expected action, an action which it is necessary to do because somebody expects it to be done.

Pattern 17

Expected Action

smb

is

was

to do smth

E.g. We have chosen Cinderella and I am to be the Prince.

28. Paraphrase the following sentences. Use 'must', 'have' + infinitive or 'be' + infinitive.

Model: 1. The lecture is supposed to begin at eight.

The lecture is to begin at eight.

2. We expect her to come for a visit.

She is to come for a visit.

3. It was arranged that the children should stay with their Grandma.

The children were to stay with their Grandma.

4. It is necessary that he should come.

He must come. (He has to come.)

1. It is necessary that the papers should be marked to-night. 2. I am supposed to be the first to answer tomorrow. 3. They expect the mail to be delivered before eight o'clock. 4. It is necessary that he should be examined by a good doctor. 5. Where is it necessary to take her? 6. He is expected to go there at once. 7. I expect you to explain this to your parents. 8. It is necessary that he should get in touch with me before he goes to his office.