13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Turn the text into reported speech using appropriate introductory verbs.

A WEEK'S VOYAGE (after Jerome K. Jerome)

A fellow I knew ^(l) (to go) for a week's voyage round the coast, and before they ⁽²⁾ (to start) the steward ⁽³⁾ (to come) to him and to ask whether he ⁽⁴⁾ (to pay) for each meal as he ⁽⁵⁾ (to have) it or ⁽⁶⁾ (to arrange) beforehand the whole series.

The steward ⁽⁷⁾ (to recommend) the latter course, as it ⁽⁸⁾ (to come) so much cheaper. He ⁽⁹⁾ (to say) they ⁽¹⁰⁾ (to do) him for the whole week at two-pounds-one. He ⁽¹¹⁾ (to say) for breakfast there ⁽¹²⁾ (to be) fish, followed by grill. Lunch ^(I3) (to be) at one, and ^(l4) (to consist) of four courses. Dinner ^(l5) (to be) at six — soup, fish, entree, poultry, salad, sweets, cheese, and dessert. And a light meat supper at ten.

My friend ^(l6) (to be) a hearty eater and he ^(l7) (to agree).

Lunch ⁽¹⁸⁾ (to come) just as they ^(l9) (to be) off Sheerness. He ⁽²⁰⁾ (not to feel) as hungry as he ⁽²¹⁾ (to think) he ⁽²²⁾ (to feel), and so ⁽²³⁾ (to content) himself with a bit of boiled beef, and some strawberries and cream.

At six they ⁽²⁴⁾ (to come) and ⁽²⁵⁾ (to tell) him dinner ⁽²⁶⁾ (to be) ready. The announcement ⁽²⁷⁾ (to arouse) no enthusiasm within him, but he ⁽²⁸⁾ (to feel) that there ⁽²⁹⁾ (to be) some of that two-pounds-five to be worked off, and he ⁽³⁰⁾ (to hold) on to ropes and ⁽³¹⁾ (to go) down. A pleasant odour of onions and hot ham mingled with fried fish and greens ⁽³²⁾ (to greet) him at the bottom of the ladder; and then the steward ⁽³³⁾ (to come) up with an oily smile and ⁽³⁴⁾ (to say), "What ⁽³⁵⁾ (can) I get you, sir?" "Get me out of this", ⁽³⁶⁾ (to be) the reply.

For the next four days he ⁽³⁷⁾ (to live) a simple life on thin captain's biscuits I ⁽³⁸⁾ (to mean) that the biscuits ⁽³⁹⁾ (to be) thin not the captain) and soda-water; but towards Saturday he ⁽⁴⁰⁾ (to go) in for weak tea and dry toast, and on Monday he ⁽⁴¹⁾ (to gorge) himself on chicken broth. He ⁽⁴²⁾ (to leave) the ship on Tuesday, and as it ⁽⁴³⁾ (to steam) away from the landing-stage he ⁽⁴⁴⁾ (to gaze) after it regretfully.

"There she ⁽⁴⁵⁾ (to go)", he ⁽⁴⁶⁾ (to say), "with two pounds' worth of food on board that ⁽⁴⁷⁾ (to belong) to me and that I ⁽⁴⁸⁾ (not to have)".

He ⁽⁴⁹⁾ (to say) that if they ⁽⁵⁰⁾ (to give) him another day he ⁽⁵¹⁾ (to think) he ⁽⁵²⁾ (can) have liked it.

(Iіі) modal verbs

General Description

Modal verbs (can, may, must, need, shall, will, ought) have certain features in common.

I. They have no verbals, consequently they have no analytical forms (perfect, continuous, passive, etc.) and need no auxiliaries to form questions and negations:

E.g. Can you do it? — No, I can't.

II. The verbs can, may, shall, will have two tense forms of the indicative mood — the present and the past.

The present tense	The past tense
can may shall will	could might should would
E.g. 1. I can just reach the shelf from where I'm sitting. 2. Stop telling me what I may, or may not do. 3. You'll (will) be sorry for what you said. 4. The door won't (will not) open.	1. I could just reach the shelf from where 1 was sitting. 2. He kept telling me what I might or might not do. 3. He said I'd (should) be sorry for what I had said. 4. The door would not open.

III. The forms could, might, should and would instead of denoting • a past action may denote an unreal action.

E.g. I could do it now if I wanted to.

When the forms could, might, should and would denote unreality they have no meaning of a past action. They have no temporal meaning at all.

They are used with the indefinite infinitive when we speak of the present or the future and with the perfect infinitive when we speak about the past.

E. g. 1. He could help you (now) if he wanted to. 2. You might remember your child's birthday, (in general) 3. You should see a dentist about this tooth before it gets really bad. 4. I would not stay now if you asked me.

1. He could have helped you (then) if he had wanted to. 2. You might have remember-ed your child's birthday (yesterday). 3. You should have seen a dentist about that tooth before it got really bad. 4. I would not have stayed there if they had asked me.

IV. The verbs must and need have only one form of the indicative mood. They are used with the indefinite infinitive when we speak of the present or the future, and with the perfect infinitive when we speak about the past.

E.g. 1. She must be about thirty now. 2. You need not waif for me today.

1. She must have been about thirty at the time. 2. You needn't have waited. (then)

V. The modal verb ought has only one form. The form of the infinitive after the verb ought shows whether we are speaking of the present-future or of the past.

E.g. 1. You ought to take a taxi, (now)

2. You ought to have taken a taxi, (then)

VI. Most modal verbs have three sets of meanings: the primary; the imperative; the suppositional.

VII. Modal verbs are always used in combination with the infinitive.

Can

The modal verb can has two tense forms of the indicative mood: the present tense can and the past tense could. The verb can has the following meanings:

I. The primary meaning: mental, physical or circumstantial ability to do something.

E.g. 1. She can do sums in her head. 2. He can easily carry the child. 3. We can see Yalta from here in clear weather.

Pattern 1

smb	can do smth now could do smth then could do smth now could have done smth

E.g. 1. Baby can walk now.

2. Baby could walk when she was ten months old.

3. Baby could walk perfectly well. She's just lazy.

4. Baby could have walked across the room but she was afraid to.

Note 1. In the primary meaning the verb can is used in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences.

E.g. 1. I can speak English.

2. I can't speak English.

3. Can you speak English?