- •Методична записка
- •(І) the english tenses
- •1. Put the following verbs in the 3rd person singular.
- •3. Expand the following into sentences in order to make true statements with doesn't or don't where necessary.
- •Water boils at 1oo°c
- •4. Read the following extracts and put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous. Then, say what use of these tenses each extract shows.
- •Adverbs of Frequency
- •5. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the example.
- •6. Michael McIntosh is a politician. Read the text and put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.
- •State verbs
- •Verbs which express likes and dislikes: like, love, hate, dislike, enjoy, prefer; etc.
- •Verbs of perception: believe, know, notice, remember, forget, recognise, understand, realise, seem, think, etc.
- •Verbs of the senses: see, hear, feel, taste, look, smell, sound. We often use can or could with these verbs when we refer to what we see, hear, etc. At the moment of speaking.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.
- •8. Translate into English.
- •Present Perfect Personality Quiz
- •10. Fill in the gaps with recently, how long, yet, for, always, ever, already, since, so far or just. Sometimes more than one answer is possible.
- •11. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or continuous, using short forms where appropriate.
- •12. Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the present perfect continuous.
- •Have gone (to) / Have been (to)
- •13. Fill in the gaps with have/has been (to) or have/has gone (to).
- •14. Translate into English.
- •15. Choose the correct answer.
- •16. Underline the correct tense.
- •17. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •18. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •19. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •20. Choose the correct answer.
- •21.Correct the mistakes.
- •22. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions and postpositions. Find in the text all phrasal verbs and learn their meaning.
- •1. Write the past simple of the verbs in the list in the correct box.
- •2. Write the past simple of the verbs in the box, then read them out.
- •3. Write the simple past tense form of the verb. Then find that word in the puzzle below.
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. Then, say which uses of these tenses are shown in each extract.
- •6. Join the sentences using as, when and while, as in the examples.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous. Which was the longer action in each sentence?
- •8. A policeman is asking Mrs Hutchinson about a car accident she happened to see yesterday. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
- •9. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous.
- •10. Imagine that you were present when these things happened, then, in pairs, ask and answer questions, as in the example.
- •Used to / Be used to / Get used to
- •11. Rewrite each person's comment using used to or didn't use to.
- •12. Choose the correct answer.
- •13. Translate into English.
- •14. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect.
- •15. Fill in the gaps with one of the verbs from the list in the past perfect continuous.
- •16. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct past tense.
- •17. First, say which action happened first, then join the sentences using the words in brackets, as in the example.
- •18. Put the verbs in brackets into the past perfect or the past perfect continuous.
- •19. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •20. Translate into English.
- •21. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •22. Underline the correct tense.
- •23. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct past tense.
- •24. Underline the correct preposition.
- •25. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •27. Correct the mistakes.
- •28. Insert the article where it is necessary.
- •Future forms
- •The Future Simple
- •Be Going To
- •Present Continuous
- •Will / Shall
- •1. In pairs, ask and answer questions using the prompts below, as in the example.
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the future simple.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple, the present simple or the present continuous.
- •Future Continuous
- •4. You want to ask your friend to do something for you. Use the prompts below to make questions, as in the example.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the future simple or the future continuous.
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.
- •Future Perfect
- •Future Perfect Continuous
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the future perfect or the future perfect continuous.
- •8. Choose the correct answer.
- •B will have seen
- •C will be seeing
- •9. Put the verbs in brackets into the future continuous or the future perfect.
- •10. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •11. Underline the correct tense.
- •12. Study the following situations, then make sentences using the correct future tense.
- •13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.
- •14. Underline the correct tense.
- •15. Put the verbs into the correct future tense.
- •16. Correct the mistakes.
- •17. Translate into English.
- •18. Fill in the correct preposition.
- •19. Choose the correct answer.
- •20. Make questions and complete the short answers, as in the example.
- •21. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple, the present simple, the present continuous or the present perfect.
- •22. Underline the correct word(s).
- •23. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
- •24. Fill in the blanks with the articles "a /an", "the" or "—".
- •25. Use the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
- •26. Translate into English.
- •(Іі) the passive voice
- •Uses of the passive
- •They are building a new public library
- •A) When he arrived home a detective arrested him
- •1. Use either active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the verbs in parentheses.
- •2. Use active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the verbs in parentheses.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •4. Put the following into the passive voice. The agent should not be mentioned except in numbers 11 and 28.
- •2. Previous climbers had cut steps in the ice.
- •9. They are pulling down the old theatre.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Put the following into the passive, mentioning the agent where necessary.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive or active form.
- •8. Turn the following sentences into the active voice. Where no agent is mentioned one must be supplied.
- •Reported speech
- •1. Fill in the gaps with say or tell in the correct tense.
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the correct pronoun or possessive adjective.
- •3. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
- •4. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
- •5. Turn the sentences into reported speech. In which of the following sentences do the tenses not change? In which do they not have to be changed? Why?
- •6. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
- •7. Turn the following into reported questions.
- •8. Yesterday, Marion met a couple who were on holiday in London. They were looking at a map. She asked them some questions. Turn them into reported questions.
- •9. Fill in the gaps with the introductory verbs in the list in the correct form.
- •10. Turn the following sentences into reported speech.
- •11. Turn the following dialogue into reported speech.
- •12. Translate into English.
- •13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form. Turn the text into reported speech using appropriate introductory verbs.
- •(Iіі) modal verbs
- •1. Analyse the form 'could' in the following sentences. State whether it denotes the past or the unreality of the action. Translate the combinations of 'could' with the infinitive.
- •2. In the following sentences 'could' denotes unreality. Refer the situation to the past by changing the form of the infinitive.
- •3. Translate into English. Pay attention to whether 'could' denotes the past or the unreality of the action.
- •II. The imperative meaning:
- •5. Translate into English. Use Patterns 2, 3, 4, 5:
- •Strong Doubt
- •6. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •8. Translate into English. Use Pattern 6 (a and b):
- •Very Strong Doubt
- •9. Refer the statement to the past by changing the form of the infinitive.
- •10. Translate into English. Use Pattern 7 (a and b):
- •11. Express strong and very strong doubt about the statements made in the following sentences.
- •12. Translate into English:
- •13. Make the following sentences more emotional by transforming them according to Pattern 8:
- •14. Translate the following sentences. State in what meaning the modal verb 'can' is used. Name the pattern and give the Ukrainian equivalent.
- •15. Translate into English:
- •16. Translate into English:
- •Prohibition
- •Request (mostly ironic) or Suggestion
- •Reproach
- •17. Ask for permission to do smth; give permission to do smth.; prohibit an action; express a request, a reproach using the following word combinations:
- •18. Translate into English. Give two variants where possible:
- •19. Transform the following sentences into ironic requests or suggestions according to Pattern 13. Change them into expressions of reproach according to Pattern 14.
- •21. Translate into English:
- •22. Translate into English. Use the Continuous infinitive to express doubt about an action in the present, the Indefinite infinitive to express doubt about a future action:
- •23. Translate the following sentences. State in what meaning the modal verb 'may' is used. Name the pattern and give the Ukrainian equivalent.
- •24. Express doubt about the statements made in the following sentences. Make the doubt stronger by using more and more emphatic expressions:
- •25. Fill in the blanks with 'may', 'might', 'can', 'could'. Give two variants where possible:
- •26. Translate into English. Use sentence patterns with 'can' and 'may'. Give variants where possible:
- •27. Fill in the blanks with 'must' or 'have':
- •29. Fill in the blanks with 'must', 'to have', 'to be'. Pay attention to whether the action is only necessary or necessary and expected:
- •30. Translate into English:
- •Prohibition
- •31. Make the following orders and prohibitions stricter by using 'to be’ instead of 'must'.
- •32. Translate into English. Give two variants in each case:
- •Near Certainty
- •33. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •39. Use the following word combinations to compose imperative sentences of, varying degrees of strictness. Give milder forms first.
- •40. A. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •41. A. Fill in the blanks with 'must', 'have', 'be'. Give variants where it can be done without changing the meaning. Introduce the particle 'to' where necessary:
- •42. Change the meaning of the following sentences. Use the verbs 'need' and 'have' to show that the actions are n о t necessary. Give two variants in each case.
- •Absence of Necessity for a Performed Action
- •Absence of Necessity in the Past
- •44. Translate into English:
- •45. Translate into English:
- •Permission Not to Do
- •46. Compose sentences giving permission not to do the actions mentioned in the following interrogative sentences.
- •47. Translate the following sentences. State in what meaning the modal verb 'need' is used. Name the pattern and give the Russian equivalent:
- •Certainty
- •49. Ask for instructions concerning the actions named below.
- •50. Translate into English. Use Pattern 26:
- •51. Advise smb to do or not to do the actions named below.
- •52. Give advice in answer to the following statements. Use the word combinations in brackets.
- •Criticism of a Past Action
- •53. Criticize the actions named in the sentences below.
- •54. Change the following expressions of advice into criticism of a past action by changing the form of the infinitive.
- •57. Translate into English. Use the indefinite infinitive speaking about the present or future, the perfect infinitive speaking about the past. Consult Pattern 30.
- •58. Translate the following sentences. State in what meaning the modal verb 'shall' is used. Name the pattern and give the Ukrainian equivalent:
- •62. Give advice to do or not to do something using the following word combinations.
- •Criticism of a Past Action
- •63. Criticize the actions mentioned in the following sentences.
- •Near Certainty
- •65. Translate the following sentences. Stale whether the verb 'ought' is used to denote advice, criticism of a past action or near certainty:
- •Volition
- •66. Make a statement about somebody refusing to act the way lie should or is expected to. Refer the situation to the past by changing the form of the modal verb": Use the groups of words given below.
- •67. Make a statement about something not functioning the way it should or is expected to. Refer the situation to the past by changing the form of the modal verb. Use the groups of words given below.
- •68. Make a statement about somebody insisting on acting in the wrong way. Refer Иге situation to the past by changing the form of the modal verb. Use the groups of words given below.
- •69. Make a statement about a thing functioning contrary to your expectations and wishes. Refer the situation to the past by changing the form of the modal verb. Use the groups of words given below.
- •70. Translate into English. Give two variants where possible:
- •Request
- •71. Compose orders using the following word-combinations. Turn them into requests. Make the requests more pressing, insistent.
- •Near Certainty
- •73. Translate the following sentences. State whether the modal verb 'will’ is used to denote volition, a repeated action in the past, order, request or near certainty:
- •74. Translate into English:
- •Articles
- •Mr. Green bought a used car.
- •Is there an eraser in your desk?
- •Irregular Verbs
- •Bibliography
6. Put the following into the passive, mentioning the agent where necessary.
Where there is an indirect and a direct object, make the indirect object the subject of the passive verb.
They gave her a clock.
She was given a clock.
The gerund after certain verbs is replaced in the passive by should be + past participle:
They advised employing part-time workers.
They advised that part-time workers should be employed.
1. They feed the seals at the zoo twice a day.
2. Who wrote it?
3. Compare clothes which we have washed with clothes which any other laundry has washed.
4. He expected us to offer him the job.
5. They showed her the easiest way to do it.
6. Lightning struck the old oak.
7. Titian couldn't have painted it as people didn't wear that style of dress till after his death.
8. A jellyfish stung her.
9. The author has written a special edition for children.
10. Judges used to carry sweet herbs as a protection against jail-fever.
11. What did he write it with? — He wrote it with a matchstick dipped in blood.
12. An uneasy silence succeeded the shot.
13. Did the idea interest you?
14. The lawyer gave him the details of his uncle's will.
15. Beavers make these dams.
16. They used to start these engines by hand. Now they start them by electricity.
17. Most people opposed this.
18. Students are doing a lot of the work.
19. The Prime Minister was to have opened the dry dock.
20. They recommended opening new factories in the depressed area. (Use should.)
21. The closure of the workshops will make a lot of men redundant.
22. Anyone with the smallest intelligence could understand these instructions.
23. We will not admit children under sixteen.
24. Boys of sixteen to eighteen are to man this training ship.
25. A rainstorm flooded the gypsies' camp.
26. The howling of wolves kept him awake all night.
27. They suggested making the tests easier. (Use should.)
28. Children couldn't have done all this damage.
7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive or active form.
GOING FOR A SEA TRIP
(after Jerome K. Jerome)
I remember my brother-in-law going for a short sea trip once for the benefit of his health. He (1)(to take) a return berth from London to Liverpool; and when he (2)(to get) to Liverpool, the only thing he (3)(to think) of (4)(to be) to sell that return ticket.
It (5)(to offer) round the town at a large reduction, so I (6)(to tell); and (7)(to sell) for eighteen pence a young man who just (8)(to advise) by his doctor to go to the sea-side and take exercise.
"Sea-side!" (9)(to say) my brother-in-law pressing the ticket into his hand; "why, you (10)(to have) enough for your whole life; as for exercise! Why, you (11)(to get) more exercise sitting down on that ship, than you (12)(to get) jumping and running on dry land".
He himself — my brother-in-law — (13)(to come) back by train. He (14)(to say) the North-Western Railway (15)(to be) healthy enough for him.
8. Turn the following sentences into the active voice. Where no agent is mentioned one must be supplied.
School notice: This door must be kept shut.
Students must keep this door shut.
1. Why don't you have your eyes tested? ( . . . get an optician to ... )
2. This speed limit is to be introduced gradually.
3. The runways are being lengthened at all the main airports.
4. It is now 6 a.m. and at most of the hospitals in the country patients are being wakened with cups of tea.
5. Byron is said to have lived on vinegar and potatoes.
6. By tradition, any sturgeon that are caught by British ships must be offered to the Queen.
7. This notice has been altered.
8. The owners went away last March and since then their houseboat has been used continuously by squatters. (Use a continuous tense and omit continuously)
9. The damaged ship was being towed into harbour when the towline broke.
10. Have a lift put in and then you won't have to climb up all these stairs.
11. Last year a profit of two million pounds was made in the first six months but this was cancelled by a loss of seventeen million pounds which was made in the second six months.
12. Evening dress will be worn.
13. The ship was put into quarantine and passengers and crew were forbidden to land.
14. Someone will have to be found to take her place.
15. He was made to surrender his passport.
16. This rumour must have been started by our opponents.
17. My paintings are to be exhibited for the first time by New Arts Gallery.
18. This scientific theory has now been proved to be false.
19. The car which was blown over the cliff yesterday is to be salvaged today.
20. The house where the dead man was found is being guarded by the police to prevent it from being entered and the evidence interfered with.
21. Why wasn't the car either locked or put into the garage?
22. It is being said that too little money is being spent by the government on roads.
23. Your money could be put to good use instead of being left idle in the bank.
24. For a long time the earth was believed to be flat.
25. This copy hasn't been read. The pages haven't been cut.
26. The stones were thrown by a student, who was afterwards led away by the police.
27. Carrier pigeons are said to have been used by early Egyptian and Greek sailors.
28. The referee was being escorted from the football field by a strong police guard.
Revision
(A) 1. Ще два роки тому про цю тенісистку ніхто не знав. 2. Де ви купили такі кросівки? Вони зручні? 3. Він був такий стомлений, що проспав перед телевізором увесь хокейний матч. 4. Хто грав вчора о десятій вечора? 5. Люди в пошуках адреналіну здавна займаються екстремальними видами спорту. 6. Діти півгодини обговорювали результати гри, коли зайшла мама.
(B) 1. Ходімо пограємо у волейбол. 2. Вони не збираються іти на тренування. 3. Я зіграю з тобою в шахи, коли зроблю уроки. 4. До кінця цього місяця буде чотири роки, як він грає в команді. 5. Матч почнеться о пів на шосту. 6. Мама часто грала в теніс до мого народження. 7. Коли тебе приймуть у команду? 8. Ми відлітаємо у Москву в суботу вболівати за нашу команду. 9. Вона виглядала стомленою через те, що багато тренувалась вранці. 10. Де ви будете тренуватися, коли стадіон закриють на ремонт?
(C) 1. Він покинув плавання і зайнявся бігом підтюпцем. 2. Не дзвоніть мені завтра десятої до дванадцятої. Я буду дивитися фінальну зустріч наших тенісистів. 3. Вони не переможуть, якщо не будуть тренуватися наполегливіше. 4. Наші забили гол ще до того, як ми прийшли на стадіон. 5. Він робив ставки у спортивному тоталізаторі все своє життя. 6. Він біг уже другий кілометр, коли відчув різкий біль у грудях. 7. Після того, як наші зайняли перше місце, ми пішли святкувати перемогу.
(D) 1. Машину полагодять наступного тижня. 2. Чому розклад змінено? Про це не було повідомлено заздалегідь. 3. Вчора цього водія було затримано за перевищення швидкості. 4. Її чекали на пероні близько двадцяти хвилин. 5. Його неймовірні пригоди у горах все ще обговорюють в класі. 6. Коли цей аеропорт було збудовано? 7. Нас провели до салону і показали наші місця. 8. Коли я почала їм допомагати, одна валіза вже була спакована. 9. На станції нас зустріла менеджер з туристичної агенції і відвезла до прекрасного готелю. 10. Які екскурсії включено до вартості туру?
(E) 1. Білети вже куплено і речі спаковано, чи не так? 2. Коли йому повідомили про наш приїзд? 3. Виліт було відкладено через несприятливі погодні умови. 4. Нас підвезуть до вокзалу? 5. Заждіть хвилину. Документи зараз підписують. 6. Ваші валізи вже знайдено. 7. Його скаргу було розглянуто до того як я прийшла. 8. Вас проінформують про результати експедиції. 9. Ці визначні місця часто відвідують іноземці? 10. Коли було зруйновано фортецю? 11. Як називалось те місто, куди вас водили на канікулах? 12. Чому робота не зроблена вчасно? 13. Чай буде подано після того, як поїзд рушить. 14. Квитки вже було продано до того, як він приїхав на вокзал.