♦ ♦ ♦ C1H A P T E R 1

Introduction

The Oracle Developer Studio Fortran compiler, f95, is available under the Oracle Solaris operating environment on SPARC® , UltraSPARC® , and x64/x86 platforms, and Oracle Linux environments on x86/x64 platforms. The compiler conforms to published Fortran language standards, and provides many extended features, including multiprocessor parallelization, sophisticated optimized code compilation, and mixed C/Fortran language support.

The f95 compiler also provides a Fortran 77 compatibility mode that accepts most legacy Fortran 77 source codes. A separate Fortran 77 compiler is no longer included. See Chapter 5 for information on FORTRAN 77 compatibility and migration issues.

1.1Standards Conformance

■f95 conforms to part one of the ISO/IEC 1539-1:1997 Fortran standards document.

■Floating-point arithmetic is based on IEEE standard 754-1985, and international standard IEC 60559:1989.

■See Chapter 4, “Oracle Developer Studio Fortran Features and Extensions” for a list of Fortran 2003 and Fortran 2008 features and other language extensions implemented in this release.

■f95 provides support for the optimization-exploiting features of the SPARC and x86

families of processor architectures: UltraSPARC, SPARC64, AMD64, Pentium Pro, and Xeon Intel®64, on Oracle Solaris and Oracle Linux (x86) platforms.

■Oracle Developer Studio compilers support the OpenMP API for shared memory parallelism, Version 4.0. See the Oracle Developer Studio 12.6: OpenMP API User’s Guide for details.

■In this document, “Standard” means conforming to the versions of the standards listed above. “Non-standard” or “Extension” refers to features that go beyond these versions of these standards.

The responsible standards bodies may revise these standards from time to time. The versions of the applicable standards to which these compilers conform may be revised or replaced,

1.2 Features of the Fortran Compiler

resulting in features in future releases of the Oracle Developer Studio Fortran compilers that create incompatibilities with earlier releases.

1.2Features of the Fortran Compiler

The Oracle Developer Studio Fortran compiler, f95, provides the following features and extensions:

■Optimized automatic and explicit loop parallelization for multiprocessor systems.

■VAX/VMS Fortran extensions.

■OpenMP parallelization directives.

■Global, peephole, and potential parallelization optimizations produce high performance applications. Benchmarks show that optimized applications can run significantly faster when compared to unoptimized code.

■Common calling conventions permit routines written in C or C++ to be combined with Fortran programs.

■Support for 64-bit enabled Oracle Solaris and Oracle Linux environments.

■IEEE quadruple precision REAL and COMPLEX support on all platforms.

■Compatibility between Fortran 77 and Fortran 95/Fortran 2003 programs and object binaries.

■Support for unsigned integer types.

■Many Fortran 2003 and Fortran 2008 features.

See Appendix B for details on new and extended features added to the compiler with each software release.

See also the What’s New in the Oracle Developer Studio 12.6 Release guide for latest information about new and changed features in this release of the compilers and tools, as well as known issues, workarounds, and limitations.

1.3Other Fortran Utilities

The following utilities provide assistance in the development of software programs in Fortran:

■Oracle Developer Studio Performance Analyzer— In depth performance analysis tool for single threaded and multi-threaded applications. See analyzer(1).

■fdumpmod— A utility to display the names of modules contained in a file or archive. See fdumpmod(1).

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1.4 Debugging Utilities

■fpp— A Fortran source code preprocessor. See fpp(1).

■fsplit — This utility splits one Fortran file of several routines into several files, each with one routine per file. See fsplit(1)

1.4Debugging Utilities

The following debugging utility is available:

■Oracle Developer Studio dbx— Provides a robust and feature-rich runtime and static debugger, and includes a performance data collector.

1.5Oracle Developer Studio Performance Library

The Oracle Developer Studio Performance Library™ is a set of optimized, high-speed mathematical subroutines for solving linear algebra and other numerically intensive problems. Oracle Developer Studio Performance Library is based on a collection of public domain applications available from Netlib at http://www.netlib.org. These public domain applications have been enhanced and bundled together as the Oracle Developer Studio Performance Library.

Each subroutine in the Oracle Developer Studio Performance Library performs the same operation and has the same interface as the standard library versions, but is generally much faster and more accurate and can be used in a multiprocessing environment.

See the Oracle Developer Studio 12.6: Performance Library User’s Guide for details.

1.6Man Pages

Online manual (man) pages provide immediate documentation about a command, function, subroutine, or collection of such things. The user's MANPATH environment variable should be set to the path to the installed Oracle Developer Studio man directory to access the Oracle Developer Studio man pages.

You can display a man page by running the command:

demo% man topic

1.7 Command-Line Help

Throughout the Fortran documentation, man page references appear with the topic name and man section number: f95(1) is accessed with man f95. Other sections, denoted by ieee_flags(3M) for example, are accessed using the -s option on the man command:

demo% man -s 3M ieee_flags

The Fortran library routines are documented in the man page section 3F.

The following lists man pages of interest to Fortran users:

1.7Command-Line Help

You can view very brief descriptions of the f95 command line options by invoking the compiler’s -help option as shown below:

%f95 -help=flags

Items within [ ] are optional. Items within < > are variable parameters. Bar | indicates choice of literal values.

-someoption[={yes|no}] implies -someoption is equivalent to -someoption=yes

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20 Oracle Developer Studio 12.6: Fortran User's Guide • July 2017

1.7 Command-Line Help