7. What is political correctness? Give examples of politically correct/incorrect things said in English-speaking countries.
Politically
correct language is a s
et
of rules about words and expressions which are to be avoided to
protect members of racial, ethnic, social and other types of groups
from verbal abuse and discrimination. Journalists and university
teachers are recommended not to use politically incorrect words which
might cause offense, and to use politically correct words. The
language of political correctness became popular in the 1980's and
1990's.
And now political correctness involves using respectful language to create a more inclusive and equitable society. However, what is considered politically correct or incorrect can vary depending on the context and cultural norms.
Examples of politically correct statements in English-speaking countries may include using gender-neutral language, such as "firefighter" instead of "fireman" or "chairperson" instead of "chairman." Instead of saying "disabled," politically correct language would use "person with a disability" to emphasize that the person's disability does not define their identity.
While it was acceptable to ask someone if he or she was married or if he or she had a boyfriend or a girlfriend in the past, we now refer to people's loved ones as their partner. In addition to choosing gender-neutral language which avoids the implication of sexual orientation, the word “partner” also moves away from discussing if the person decided to get married or not.
8. Name the main political parties in Great Britain and in the usa.
In Great Britain, there are a lot of political parties, but the main political parties are the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, the Scottish National Party.
Conservative Party: The party is currently led by Prime Minister Rishi Sunak. It traditionally represents the center-right to right-wing political views. The Conservative Party supports free-market capitalism, individual responsibility, and a strong national defense. It's generally conservative on social issues as well. The Conservative Party, also known as the Tories, is one of the UK's oldest political parties and has a long history of governance. The party's colors are usually blue.
Labour Party: The Labour Party is currently led by Sir Keir Starmer. It traditionally represents center-left to left-wing political views. The Labour Party advocates for social justice, workers' rights, and a more interventionist role for the government in the economy. The Labour Party was founded as a political representation of the labor movement and has been a major force in British politics for decades. The party's colors are usually red. (Neil Kinnock)
Scottish National Party (SNP): The SNP is led by Nicola Sturgeon, and it seeks independence for Scotland.
In the United States, the two main political parties are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. Democratic Party: The current leader of the party is President Joe Biden. The party represents center-left to left-wing political views. The Democratic Party advocates for social and economic equality, environmental protection, and progressive policies on healthcare and education. The Democratic Party has a long history, often associated with advocacy for the working class and civil rights. The party's color is typically blue. (Joe Biden, Obama, John F. Kennedy)
Republican Party: The Republican Party's leadership includes figures like Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell and House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy. The party traditionally represents center-right to right-wing political views. The Republican Party supports limited government intervention in the economy, traditional values, and a strong national defense. The Republican Party was founded in the 1850s, historically associated with advocating for abolitionism and later becoming associated with conservative policies. The party's color is typically red. (Nixon, Donald Trump)