SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Ministry of Industry and Trade (MOIT)
Guideline for
Technical Regulation
Volume 2
Design of Thermal Power Facilities
Book 1/12
« Boiler »
Final Draft
June 2013
Japan International Cooperation Agency
Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.
Shikoku Electric Power Co., Inc.
West Japan Engineering Consultants, Inc.
IL
CR(2)
13-092
Table of Contents |
|
Chapter-1. Comparison between Technical Regulation and Technical Guideline of boiler............................ |
1 |
Chapter-2. Each Items of Guideline................................................................................................................ |
2 |
Chapter-3. Reference International Technical Standards ............................................................................ |
118 |
Chapter-4. Reference Japanese Technical Standards .................................................................................. |
123 |
Chapter-5. Reference TCVN....................................................................................................................... |
128 |
Chapter-6. Referenced Literature and Materials......................................................................................... |
132 |
List of Tables |
|
Table- 1: Comparison between Technical Regulation and Technical Guideline of boiler............... |
1 |
Table- 2: Classification of types for boiler ...................................................................................... |
4 |
Table- 3: Type of power boiler ........................................................................................................ |
6 |
Table- 4: Steam condition for boiler................................................................................................ |
7 |
Table- 5: Classification of steam power plant by use conditions (C1) ............................................ |
7 |
Table- 6: Classification of steam power plant by use conditions (C2, C3, C4)............................... |
8 |
Table- 7: Comparative example for general properties of C-heavy oil, VR, Orimulsion.............. |
10 |
Table- 8: Analysis value of petroleum coke and bituminous coal ................................................. |
11 |
Table- 9: Type of fuel for thermal power boiler ............................................................................ |
17 |
Table10: Type of HRSG .............................................................................................................. |
29 |
Table11: Sample of effluent composition.................................................................................... |
34 |
Table12: Outlet steam pressure of HRSG ................................................................................... |
35 |
Table13: Furnace heat liberation ratio......................................................................................... |
43 |
Table14: Seismic design methodology........................................................................................ |
58 |
Table15: Shape of fin-tube .......................................................................................................... |
64 |
Table16: Recommended materials for main part of boiler.......................................................... |
75 |
Table17: Standards for tough fracture ......................................................................................... |
79 |
Table18: Limitation of thickness for cylindrical or conical body ............................................... |
81 |
Table19: “κ” value (according toASME)................................................................................... |
82 |
Table20: Factor “α” for minimum thickness of water type, super-heater tube, re-heater tube, |
|
economizer tube .......................................................................................................... |
91 |
Table21: Longitudinal joint efficiency ........................................................................................ |
92 |
Table22: “κ” value....................................................................................................................... |
92 |
Table23: Corrosion allowance..................................................................................................... |
92 |
Table24: Limit of minimum thickness ........................................................................................ |
93 |
Table25: Boiler trip item and application.................................................................................. |
115 |
Table26: Reference international technical standards ............................................................... |
118 |
Table27: Reference Japanese technical standards ..................................................................... |
123 |
i
Table28: Reference TCVN........................................................................................................ |
128 |
List of Figures |
|
Fig- 1: Independent super-heater cycle............................................................................................ |
3 |
Fig- 2: Independent super-heater..................................................................................................... |
3 |
Fig- 3: Dry accumulator .................................................................................................................. |
3 |
Fig- 4: Wet accumulator .................................................................................................................. |
3 |
Fig- 5: Gas-fired once-through boiler (700MW)............................................................................. |
9 |
Fig- 6: Typical fuel System of gas-fired boiler................................................................................ |
9 |
Fig- 7: Oil-fired once-through boiler (700MW)............................................................................ |
12 |
Fig- 8: Typical fuel system of heavy oil-fired boiler ..................................................................... |
12 |
Fig- 9: Coal-fired Once-through boiler (1000MW)....................................................................... |
15 |
Fig10: Coal-fired Once-through boiler (1050MW)..................................................................... |
15 |
Fig11: Coal-fired Once-through boiler (1050MW)..................................................................... |
15 |
Fig12: Typical fuel system of coal for pulverized coal-fired boiler ............................................ |
16 |
Fig13: Boost arrangement of primary fan ................................................................................... |
16 |
Fig14: Parallel arrangement of primary fan ................................................................................ |
16 |
Fig15: EL Paso type boiler (B&W)............................................................................................. |
18 |
Fig16: Natural circulation type boiler (156MW) ........................................................................ |
19 |
Fig17: Carolina type boiler (B&W) ............................................................................................ |
19 |
Fig18: Relation specific gravity of water with steam.................................................................. |
20 |
Fig19: Lamont boiler................................................................................................................... |
20 |
Fig20: Forced circulation type boiler (220MW) ......................................................................... |
20 |
Fig21: Universal pressure (UP) boiler (B&W) ........................................................................... |
22 |
Fig22: Mono tube Sulzer boiler .................................................................................................. |
23 |
Fig23: Mono tube Sulzer boiler .................................................................................................. |
23 |
Fig24: Benson boiler (Rise and fall type) ................................................................................... |
23 |
Fig25: Benson boiler (Meander type) ......................................................................................... |
23 |
Fig26: Benson boiler (BKH) ....................................................................................................... |
24 |
Fig27: Benson boiler (BKH) ....................................................................................................... |
24 |
Fig28: Ramsin boiler................................................................................................................... |
25 |
Fig29: Relation furnace gas velocity with solid combustion method ......................................... |
26 |
Fig30: Bubbling FBB.................................................................................................................. |
26 |
Fig31: Internally CFB boiler (Ebara) .......................................................................................... |
26 |
Fig32: Typical system of coal-fired circulation fluidized bed boiler .......................................... |
27 |
Fig33: CFB reheat boiler (B&W)................................................................................................ |
28 |
Fig34: CFB non-reheat boiler (B&W) ........................................................................................ |
28 |
ii
Fig35: CFB FA nozzle in furnace................................................................................................ |
28 |
Fig36: Circulation FBB............................................................................................................... |
28 |
Fig37: Pressurized fluidized bed combustion boiler ................................................................... |
29 |
Fig38: Temperature gradient diagram for HRSG........................................................................ |
33 |
Fig39: Temp. VS Enthalpy diagram of exhaust gas components................................................ |
34 |
Fig40: Stationary stoker boiler.................................................................................................... |
36 |
Fig41: Travelling stoker boiler.................................................................................................... |
36 |
Fig42: Kiln stoker boiler ............................................................................................................. |
37 |
Fig43: Typical construction of dual system to prevent thermal stress ........................................ |
39 |
Fig44: Drum internal (B&W)...................................................................................................... |
40 |
Fig45: Centrifugal steam separator (for large boiler).................................................................. |
40 |
Fig46: Inversion steam separator (for middle boiler).................................................................. |
41 |
Fig47: Centrifugal steam separator (for large boiler).................................................................. |
41 |
Fig48: Horizontal centrifugal steam separator (for large)........................................................... |
41 |
Fig49: Water separator and drain tank......................................................................................... |
42 |
Fig50: Typical construction of furnace wall................................................................................ |
44 |
Fig51: Spiral tube wall ................................................................................................................ |
45 |
Fig52: Vertical tube wall ............................................................................................................. |
45 |
Fig53: Typical construction of furnace wall corner .................................................................... |
45 |
Fig54: Typical construction of welded water wall ...................................................................... |
45 |
Fig55: Typical construction of super-heater, re-heater, economizer ........................................... |
48 |
Fig56: Flow type of super-heater ................................................................................................ |
49 |
Fig57: Construction of de-super-heater....................................................................................... |
51 |
Fig58: Cooling method by surface-heat exchange...................................................................... |
51 |
Fig59: Supporting bracket for separating wall............................................................................ |
52 |
Fig60: Supporting bracket for hanging SH ................................................................................. |
52 |
Fig61: Steam cooling type support.............................................................................................. |
52 |
Fig62: Supporting bracket for RH hot part ................................................................................. |
52 |
Fig63: Serial economizer ............................................................................................................ |
54 |
Fig64: Seismic Design procedure for boiler steel structure ........................................................ |
57 |
Fig65: Schematic diagram of stabilizer....................................................................................... |
60 |
Fig66: Furnace corner backstay .................................................................................................. |
61 |
Fig67: Furnace side-wall backstay.............................................................................................. |
61 |
Fig68: CFB vs. PC heat flux distribution.................................................................................... |
62 |
Fig69: Typical construction of Re-heat triple pressure HRSG (horizontal type) ........................ |
64 |
Fig70: Typical construction of Re-heat triple pressure HRSG (vertical type) ............................ |
64 |
Fig71: Typical construction of drum internal.............................................................................. |
66 |
Fig72: Vertical type HRSG.......................................................................................................... |
67 |
iii |
|
Fig73: Vertical type HRSG.......................................................................................................... |
67 |
Fig74: Bottom support type panel............................................................................................... |
68 |
Fig75: Top support type panel..................................................................................................... |
68 |
Fig76: System of incineration plant based on stoker boiler technology ..................................... |
69 |
Fig77: System of incineration plant based on kiln boiler technology......................................... |
72 |
Fig78: Steam condition and unit output of power boiler............................................................. |
74 |
Fig79: USC thermal power plant ................................................................................................ |
74 |
Fig80: Critical point .................................................................................................................... |
74 |
Fig81: Type1 ............................................................................................................................... |
80 |
Fig82: Type2 ............................................................................................................................... |
80 |
Fig83: Type3 ............................................................................................................................... |
80 |
Fig84: Type4 ............................................................................................................................... |
80 |
Fig85: Type5 ............................................................................................................................... |
80 |
Fig86: Details of dished heads .................................................................................................... |
84 |
Fig87: Various dished heads........................................................................................................ |
85 |
Fig88: Reinforcement of hole by infolded flange ....................................................................... |
87 |
Fig89: Type1 ............................................................................................................................... |
95 |
Fig90: Type2 ............................................................................................................................... |
95 |
Fig91: Type3 ............................................................................................................................... |
95 |
Fig92: Typical construction of supercritical safety valve.......................................................... |
100 |
Fig93: Diagram for calculating the amount of blow (based on amount of feed water%) ......... |
111 |
Fig94: Change of the concentration of boiler water by blow-down.......................................... |
111 |
Fig95: Example of flush type continuous blow......................................................................... |
112 |
Fig96: Example of non-flush type continuous blow ................................................................. |
113 |
List of Photos |
|
Photo- 1: HRSG for GTCC (Horizontal type)............................................................................... |
30 |
Photo- 2: HRSG for GTCC (Horizontal type)............................................................................... |
30 |
Photo- 3: HRSG for GTCC (Vertical type).................................................................................... |
30 |
Photo- 4: HRSG for GTCC (Vertical type).................................................................................... |
30 |
Photo- 5: Kiln boiler...................................................................................................................... |
37 |
Photo- 6: Drum internal without parts........................................................................................... |
41 |
Photo- 7: Typical furnace wall tube............................................................................................... |
46 |
Photo- 8: Burner throat on furnace wall ........................................................................................ |
47 |
Photo- 9: Ready for burner casting work....................................................................................... |
47 |
Photo10: Serial economizer ........................................................................................................ |
54 |
Photo11: Economizer tube with straight-fin................................................................................ |
54 |
iv
Photo12: |
Economizer tube with straight-fin ............................................................................... |
54 |
Photo13: |
Economizer tube with spiral-fin................................................................................... |
54 |
v
|
List of Acronyms/Abbreviations |
AFNOR |
Agence Fracaise de Normalisation |
|
|
API |
American Petroleum Institute |
|
|
ASME |
American Society of Mechanical Engineers |
|
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BFB |
Bubbling Fluidized Bed |
|
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BS |
British Standard |
|
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B&W |
Babcock and Wilcox |
|
|
CFB |
Circulation Fluidized Bed |
|
|
COM |
Coal Oil Mixture |
|
|
CWM |
Coal Water Mixture |
|
|
DCC |
Drag Chain Conveyor |
|
|
EN |
European Standard |
|
|
FDF |
Forced Draft Fan |
|
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FW |
Foster Wheeler |
|
|
GRF |
Gas Recirculation Fan |
|
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GTCC |
Gas Turbine Combined Cycle |
|
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HRSG |
Heat Recovery Steam Generator |
|
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ISO |
International Organization for Standardization |
|
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JIS |
Japanese Industrial Standard |
|
|
LNG |
Liquefied Natural Gas |
|
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LPG |
Liquefied Petroleum Gas |
|
|
MWe |
Megawatt electric |
|
|
NGL |
Natural Gas Liquid |
|
|
NOx |
Nitrogen Oxide |
|
|
MLR |
Multi Lead Robbed Tube |
|
|
OMLR |
Optimized Multi Lead Ribbed Tube |
|
|
OTU |
Once Through Utility |
|
|
RDF |
Refuse Derived Fuel |
|
|
RPF |
Refuse Paper and Plastic Fuel |
|
|
PAF |
Primary Air Fan |
|
|
PFBC |
Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion |
|
|
SAH |
Steam Air Heater |
|
|
SOx |
Sulfur Oxide |
|
|
TDR |
Technische Regeln für Dampfkessel |
|
|
UP |
Universal Pressure |
|
|
VR |
Vacuum Residual Oil |
|
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vi