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AACHEN

With the strengthening of the state, with the development of trade and industrial relations in the XIV century, the center of business life shifted from behind the walls of the monastery to the market square of the

Middle-eastern city. However, it should be noted that this square, as a rule, was located at the temple and for a long time the business center would play a subordinate urban planning and composition role in the city, hiding behind the greatness of the cult. The roots of this phenomenon should be found precisely in the socio-cultural dynamics of business relations in medieval Europe: commercial buildings should945 not have overshadowed cathedrals.

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Turning to Russian business relations, it should be noted that until the XIX-XX centuries, they were seriously dependent on the geographical environment. The border position of Russia between the West and the East had a important influence on them. The extended fair center has developed since old times along the banks of the Volga River. It is from fairs that the modern business object has adopted multifunctionality as a defining typological feature, the coincidence of compositional and main functional axes, a clear geometric structure with a clear center, dialogic, international character of architecture. The business center of the Russian city at the end of the XVIII century is formed by the buildings of the provincial and district boards, offices, state chambers. State centralization dictated a certain model of society's life. Russian cultural relations during this period are almost completely reduced to state-owned business. Business buildings are built according to a single canon. Located in the city center on the main square, the buildings of the XVIII century administration were perceived in the interior of the urban environment hidden behind a "single facade". Their clear and simple function is the general scheme, two-corridor and enfilade-ring groupings of rooms, sharp attention to the issues of ecology and ergonomics, characteristic of the approach to their space-