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INDOOR MARKETS

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When placing indoor markets in the city structure, it is necessary to take into account the following specific features:

—the market should be close to the consumer, the maximum distance of the market from housing is 1.5 km;

—when organizing convenient entrances and ways to the covered market, it is necessary to observe the isolation of external cargo flows from the buyers ways;

—sanitary regulations dictate the removal of the indoor market from warehouses and industrial organizations that pollute the atmosphere, not less than 500 m.

Markets can be located:

—in residential buildings;

—on the market square (island location);

—as part of shopping centers.

The normal area of the covered market area is 1.2-1.5 hectares.

The territory of the market includes:

—pre-market area for the approach of buyers and the entrance of cars;

—plot for the market building;

—a platform for summer and autumn seasonal trade;

—utility yard with convenient entrances to the loading areas.

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The market consists of one-time and stationary retail spaces, separated by passageways for visitors. The width of the main passages — from 4 to 10 m; side — from 2.5 to 7 m; cross — from 1.5 to 5 m.

One-time seats — open counters located in the central part of the trading floor in the form of rows and islands. Stationary places — specially equipped small tents that have a connection with warehouses and sanitary control stations. Warehouses and refrigerators can be located in separate buildings (in the pavilion scheme) on the first and second floors and in the basement.

Internal vertical transport (stairs and cargo elevators) for the goods and for the buyer should be designed separately.

The main types of space-planning solutions for indoor markets:

—pavilion — decentralized;

—combined — communication between individual pavilions is carried out through covered passages;

—centralized — the most compact type, it is a single space with retail space.

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MULTIFUNCTIONAL SHOPPING AND ENTERTAINMENT

CENTRES

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Multifunctional shopping centers (here and after referred to as MSC) are currently one of the actively developing types of commercial structures, in which the key principle of securing large areas is the choice of functions designed for the widest possible range of visitors. Attendance as a key point of economic efficiency has identified the ways of placing such complexes:

—in the city center as the place of the greatest concentration of people;

—along transport highways (including in the suburbs) ;

—- in residential areas.

In the first case, the main visitor is a pedestrian, in the second - a driver or passenger of the car, in the third - a resident of the nearest residential areas. In the centers of cities and settlements, large MSC should be designed taking into account the requirements of the existing historical and architectural environment, they often play a subordinate urban planning role. The location of the MSC along transport highways provides great opportunities for a multifunctional organization. MSC in the peripheral residential areas are used as family entertainment centers. In each of the cases considered, MSC are integrated into all levels of service: primary, daily, periodic and episodic.

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Entertainment centres of the day should include, according to modern concepts:

•retail premises with a full set of functions;

•cinema center for several halls, including multi-dimensional projection;

•cafes and mini-restaurants — usually on the third or fourth floor floors;

•facilities for working with children;

•outdoor terraces for relaxing in the summer;

•the recreation area, with the winter gardens and fountains;

•sports facilities;

•mini-water park, swimming pool;

•universal spaces-exhibition areas for organization of temporary exhibitions;

•play areas for children and teenagers;

•offices;

•conference rooms;

•electronic libraries;

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• parking lots.