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MASTER PLAN

The site of a store or shopping center includes two functional zones:

-a shopper's zone with recreation areas, free-standing storefronts, and other means of advertising;

-an economic zone for the entrance and unloading of cars.

Parking areas for buyers ' cars should be provided at a distance of no more than 150 m from commercial establishments. It is recommended to provide parking lots on the sections of retail buildings at the rate of 15-20 parking spaces per 100 m2 of retail space of the store, but due to the increased level of motorization, the design is usually carried out according to the design task. In the case of space-planning decisions of the store, a built-in and attached to a house, loading areas from the yard of the house, where there are no apartments windows and entrances to the residential part of the house. Loading of public premises built into residential buildings should be carried out: from the ends of residential buildings that do not have windows; from underground tunnels; from the streets in the presence of special loading rooms. It is allowed not to provide the specified loading rooms when the area of the built-in public premises is up to 150 m2.

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Buildings and retail establishments include the following groups of premises:

•retail premises;

•premises for receiving and storing goods, for preparing them for sale;

•utility rooms;

•administrative and domestic premises;

•technical premises.

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RETAIL PREMISES — RETAIL HALLS

Retail halls of stores should have, as a rule, natural lighting, but it is allowed to place retail halls in the basements for the sale of food products, dishes and other non-combustible materials.

The floor height of the sales halls is 3.3 m with an area of up to 1000 m2; 4.2 m - with an area of more than 1000 m2. With suspended ceilings, it is allowed to lower the height of the trading floor to 2.7 m to the bottom of the protruding structures.

Evacuation ways must be provided from the trading floor directly to the outside or to the stairwell in calculation, but not less than two. To calculate the evacuation ways, the number of customers who are at once in the trading floor should be determined based on the calculation of 1.35 m2 of the trading floor area per person. In this case, it is allowed to take into account the service stairs connected by the corridor with the sales hall. The main open stairs or ramps in the trading floor are only considered for the evacuation of no more than half of the buyers from the second floor. The width of the main evacuation ways in the trading floor is not less than 2.5 m; the width of the flights of open stairs is not less than 1.5 m. Passage to storerooms, premises for preparing goods for sale, office, household, utility, technical premises through the sales halls is not allowed.

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Retail equipment primarily includes counters and display cases. Nonfood storefronts are designed with a depth of up to 1.5 m, department storefronts — up to 2.5 m. Above the sidewalk, the showcase should rise by 60 cm.

PREMISES FOR RECEIVING AND STORING GOODS

TO PREPARE THEM FOR SALE

To the premises for the acceptance and storage of goods, for the preparation of their sales include:

•unloading platforms;

•loading platforms;

•storerooms of goods;

•refrigerated chambers — in food stores.

Unloading platforms should be 1.1–1.2 m above the level of the platform for cars. The width of the platform should be 4 m, in some cases it can be reduced to 3 m and increased to 6 m. Platforms should be designed on the condition of unloading vans from the rear or right sides. In this case, the unloading platforms are placed either indoors or under canopies.

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