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Cinemas are divided into year-round (multi-zone, single-hall) and seasonal (summer open and summer closed).
The main room of the cinemas is the auditorium, giving viewers the conditions for comfortable watching of the film. The Hall Form - rectangular, trapezoidal or semicircular. Cinemas can be designed with universal halls with rooms for cafes and club work, for working with children. Currently, it is
the time when there is a surge in interest in cinema. The cinema building should have two characteristics: high technicality and universatility.
Cinema Rooms are divided into three groups:
-spectator complex;
-premises of the cinema equipment room;
-office and facilities.
Areas of the cinema audience complex for 1 place in the hall
Other rooms
Requirements for auditorium and screen parameters
There are four types depending on the film projections that determine the proportions of the screen:
-ordinary screen (o) 1: 1.37 of height to length;
-widescreen (w) 1: 2.35;
-wide-format (f) 1: 2.2;
-cashette (k) 1: 1.66.
Seats for viewers in the auditoriums at the film demonstration.
It is recommended to design within the area shown in the drawing, where:
-D - the length of the auditorium along its axis from the screen to the back seats of the last row;
-G - distance along the axis of the auditorium from the screen
to the back seats of the first row, equal to 0.36 D;
- W - width of screen working area (curvilinear chord);
- B is the height of the screen work area.
The width of the screen (Sh) is recommended:
-Shf = 0.6 D;
-Shsh = 0.43 D;
-Shk = 0.34 D;
-Sho = 0.25 D.
Distance from screen to back of first row (G) depending on from screen width (Sh). It is recommended to take equal to:
-Gf not less than 0.6 Shf;
-Gsh not less than 0.84 Shsh;
-Go not less than 1.44 Sho.
Auditorium parameters when installing a film projection.
The equipment is shown in the drawing, where:
-P - projective distance, not less than 0.85 D;
-fg - not more than 7 ° (in clubs and theaters it is allowed not more than 9°);
-fv - not more than 8 °;
-fg - not more than 3 °;
-K - distance from the upper projection beam to the nearest ceiling surfaces must be not less than 0.6 m;
-L - distance from the lower projection beam to the floor in the area of spectator seats, not less than 1.9 m;
-T- depth of off-screen space: with wide screen - not less than 0.985 m; at curve linear screen – at least 0,1 Sw.
BuilWhenBuildingbuilding visibility on the calculated observation point, it is recommended to take 0.14 m above the level of the eye in front of the sitting viewer (0.12 m is possible during reconstruction). The height of the sitting viewer's eye level above the floor level is taken to be 1.2 m.
In recent years, 3D projection has become quite widespread, allowing you to get the effect of the development of a movie not on the screen, but directly in the visual
a hall with the creation of a feeling of the presence of the viewer. This is achieved
using special equipment.
Required width of aisles in the cinemas
s
Cinema equipment complex - film projection and facility rooms:
-rewinding;
-aggregate cooling of film projectors;
-the room of the film mechanic.
It is necessary to provide a separate evacuation exit directly to the street from these rooms.
THEATERS
The theater building is divided into two parts in structure: stage and audience. The first includes all premises and structures related to stage maintenance, the second - auditorium, lobby, distribution room
and cashier's lobby and service room complex. The stage part occupies 6070% of the total volume of the theater building, the audience - 40-30%.
Structure of the theater building:
-premises of the spectator complex;
-premises of the demonstration complex (auditorium, stage itself, stage technological rooms);
-stage maintenance rooms (for creative and technical personnel; warehouses);
-administrative and economic premises;
-production premises.