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Figure 2. Taxi company project

References

1.Gavrilova, M.M. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po vypolneniyu kursovogo proekta «Garazh-stoyanka» po discipline «Arkhitekturnoye proektirovanie»/ M.M. Gavrilova – MARKHI, 2013. 142 p.

2.SP 2.13130.2012: Obespechenie ognestojkosti ob”ektov zashhity / MChS Rossii, 2012. - 32 p.

3.SP 113.13330.2016. Stoyanki avtomobiley. Aktualizirovannaya redaktsiya SNiP 21-02-99. - 21 p.

A.D. Plenkina, E.B. Mikhailova

Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering,

Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COTTAGE AREA IN ACCORDANCE WITH MODERN TRENDS IN LANDSCAPE DESIGN

Quite recently, the home garden was considered only a place of temporary residence for people. In Russia, the tradition of dacha life came back in Soviet times. The home plot was not decorative, it was considered a place to grow plants. Nowadays, country gardens are created for beauty, recreation and relaxation of people.

The relevance of this work is due to increasing human need to communicate with nature, as well as in the professional organization of the garden in accordance with modern trends in landscape design.

The purpose is to develop a landscape project to improve the territory of a private home in a single style that meets the requirements of the customer. The main task is to create an interesting, comfortable and functional space in which a

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customer will feel comfortable. The other task is selection of tree, shrub and flower assortment, as well as the development of a pathway network.

To solve this problem the following processes were carried out: landscape analysis of the territory, analysis of the surrounding area, development of ideas, selection of plants [1].

A good landscape design combines natural elements and small architectural forms. In a well thought-out space you can really relax and unwind from the noise of the city, enjoy the unity with nature.

After receiving the terms of reference, the work began. The total area of the plot is 1786 square meters. The area was analyzed, and then a new design solution was proposed [Fig.1].

Figure 1. Initial drawing. Start of work

At the stage of developing a master plan we took into account all the wishes of the customer about the functional filling and landscaping of the plot.

Planning is performed in a mixed style. The garden is divided into two conventional parts: public and private. The first "public" part is more strict, without bright colors but with minimalist tree and shrub groups with concrete walkways and eco-pavement in the parking area. The second "private" part, located behind the house, is more landscape despite the rather strict road and path network. Soft lines are used here, which create a stable psychological background and contribute to the moral rest of the people. Large flower beds highlight it, in the form of landscape mixborders, in the style of a wild meadow [2].

A pathway network connects all functional areas. The main covering material is natural stone of light colors.

Parking area is located under the existing garage in the eastern part of the plot. Turnaround area is projected for convenient turning of cars.

The barbecue area is located near the dwelling house. It is made of concrete for safe presence near a fire.

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The fruit garden is located in the northwestern part of the plot. In this part there are apple trees, pear trees, cherry trees and plum trees [3]. Nearby there is a small vegetable garden with a greenhouse and several beds, where the customer can grow strawberries. Also nearby there are plantings of fruit shrubs, including raspberries, black currant, honeysuckle, etc. [Fig.2]

Flower beds are located in the southwestern part of the projected area. With them we wanted to convey naturalness and unity with nature. They consist of different varieties of plants, for example, daisy, poppy, cornflower and others [4].

Figure 2. Master plan

After the design approval solution, work began with plants and small architectural forms, drawing up statements and budget [5].

As a result of the project a landscape analysis of the area was conducted and the problems and needs of owners were revealed. The following tasks were completed: all desired functional areas; the design of the entrance to the territory; the design of the road and path network; the dendroplan and flower list.

The total cost of the plot is 97,610 rubles [Fig.3-4].

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Figures 3-4. Viewpoints of the new garden

To conclude, we can say that all of the above requirements and objectives have been met. The plot meets all of the owner's needs.

References

1.SP 42.13330.2011 Gradostroitel`stvo. Planirovka i zastrojka gorodskih i sel`skih poselenij. Aktualizirovannaya redakciya SNiP2.07.01-89* (s popravkoj).

2.10 etapov proektirovaniya malogo sada. A.Yu.Sapelin. – M: «Kladez`»,

2012 – 148 p.

3.Katalog drevesnyh rastenij, vyrashhivaemyh v pitomnikah. – M: APPM, 2017 – 420 p.

4.Katalog mnogoletnih travyanistyh rastenij, vyrashhivaemyh v pitomnikah. 2-e izd., dop. – M: APPM, 2019 – 360 p.

5.Teodoronskij V.S. Stroitelstvo i ekspluataciya obektov landshaftnoj arhitektury / V.S. Teodoronskij. M: «Akademiya», 2008 – 352 p.

A.V. Semenova, S.P. Nikolskaya, E.B. Mikhailova

Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering,

Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

THE ROLE OF ACCESSORIES IN INTERIOR DESIGN

The perception of the interior – the appearance, the general appearance of a room or a group of rooms, by a person depends on a number of characteristics: architectural, artistic and decorative (artistic decoration, lighting, equipment, furnishings and furniture) [1, p.106]. Auxiliary elements, called accessories, also play a significant role in the development of interior design.

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The relevance of the work is due to the demand for accessories as a design tool in interior design.

In this paper, the subject interior will be considered as a kind of environmental system, in the artistic organization of which the main role is played by the subject content of the environment and its components, which include accessories [1, p.108].

The main purpose of his work is the disclosure of the role of accessories in the formation of interior design.

To begin with, it is worth revealing the essence of the concept of "accessory" from the point of view of architectural design and establishing some classification of accessories depending on various criteria.

Translated from French, an accessory is an "additional", optional item accompanying something. In different fields of activity, it is given its own definition, but the main essence remains unchanged in any of them [Tab. 1].

In relation to interior design, accessories will be such items that give external completeness, bring a special style or perform any practical task, along with decorative. Based on this, accessories can be classified according to various criteria [Tab. 2].

It is important to know this division in order to create an appropriate interior.

The space in which modern designers work forces certain rules of interaction with and within it. Eclectic by definition, postmodern culture implies the appeal of an artist-designer to the creative heritage of past eras and skillful handling of the language of styles of the past. This aspect should be taken into account when working on projects, in particular when creating a specific interior design.

If you resort to the legacy of the past, then you can undoubtedly find analogues of accessories that have slightly changed in the modern world, but have not lost their original role.

If we turn to ancient Greece and Rome, we can recall such interior elements as vases and amphorae. Along with the utilitarian function, they also perform a decorative one: the shape of the vase can be in the form of a female head, a sphinx figurine emerging from the foam of Aphrodite. Most often they are decorated with geometric ornaments, and later – with narrative paintings inspired by the myths and legends of the Hellenes. All this harmoniously fits into the interior of the premises, constructs its special appearance, distinctive features that define the era.

It is also impossible not to recall the magnificent and luxurious interior decorations of Renaissance dwellings in Italy. Characteristic objects of this time are various jewelry, maps, manuscripts, musical instruments, chronometers, scales, globes, works of art. They are used in residential interiors of that time, as evidenced by the images of the interior on the canvases of famous artists.

As for Russia at that time, the interiors, very laconic in form, are richly decorated with carvings, paintings, textiles. For example, such ancient Russian crafts as Khokhloma, Gzhel, embroidery, bone and wood carving, lace weaving, always find application in decorating household items and space. So, wide shelves are installed above the window, on which beautiful tableware items and caskets are placed. Beds are often with carved headboards. They are covered with bright patchwork bedspreads and decorated with lots of pillows. Chests with handles are almost always present in the interior.

Of course, there were and still are objects that are only decorative in nature. Vivid examples of such products and interior decoration techniques are objects of applied creativity of such styles as classicism, Baroque, Rococo, Empire. Interior accessories acquire more than a magnificent, pretentious design volume, which was not justified by anything other than an aestheticized appearance.

The features in the interiors of the Baroque and Rococo style are ceiling paintings, various moldings and a lot of mirrors. Carved ornate wooden furniture, decorated with carvings and ornaments of mother-of-pearl, is mainly

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an object of beauty. Huge multi-tiered crystal chandeliers, gilded heavy picture frames, an abundance of textiles further enhance the effect of luxury and excess in everything.

At present artists have been looking for new ways to manifest themselves in architecture, accessories, furniture, and space decoration for a long time. The interior decoration of the room now depends on the imagination of the customer and the architect.

Closer to the modern era, the New Time and a number of its most important inventions are replaced by a technological process that dictates its own rules. The most important event in the design of the beginning of the XX century is the emergence of a stylistic trend that meets the needs of the modern world and a new way of life. In fact, the interior of an apartment or house becomes a reflection of the attitude and character of its owner that is why it is so important to choose the right accessory in the design of a particular room. As for the understanding of aesthetics in "technical decor", the machine age is able to saturate the demand for "designer stuff" with mass-produced goods, which leads to illegibility and tastelessness. Over time, decorating becomes a "commercial" activity. Thanks to this, and maybe unfortunately, it acquires a large-scale, global scope. In order to bring design creations to all the masses of the population, a conveyor appears that stamps "ideas". Exclusivity suffers. Therefore, you need to understand that decorative elements serve to give the interior individuality and uniqueness. Using different interior elements, you can complement the interior of the room in such a way that it will become unique, and these decorative details will give it a finished look.

In each period of history, decor develops with the improvement of craft, technology, the emergence of new inventions and discoveries, which all together contributes to the evolution of design techniques in the interior, thereby contributing to the development of new compositional techniques in interior decoration products and the development of modern technological methods for solving the artist's conceived.

Thus, the role of accessories in the formation of interior design is quite large. A qualified designer should skillfully use this element in working on their projects. By definition, an accessory is an optional, additional element, but without its use, the appearance of the interior may look incomplete, not harmonious. Accessories combine objects, place the right accents.

It should also be noted that accessories determine the style in which the designer works. For example, a knowledgeable specialist never uses bright and colourful pillows in an interior built in Scandinavian style, where the main criterion is delicate colors and simple shapes. One minor element can ruin the whole composition.

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Another important point that should be touched upon is the utility of some types of accessories. Without such elements, the designer will not be able to create a comfortable, functional interior. All possible dishes, storage containers, zoning elements (decorative partitions), household items (hooks, mirrors) seem to be optional in the design of space, but they greatly simplify a person's life.

Summing up all of the above, it should be noted that accessories unite and largely solve the problems of architecture and design.

References

1.Minervin, G.B. Dizajn: Illyustrirovanny`j slovar`-spravochnik / Pod obshhej redakciej G.B. Minervina i V.T. Shimko; Moskovskij arhitekturny`j institut, Kafedra «Dizajn arhitekturnoj sredy`». — Moskva: Arxitektura-S, 2004.

–288 p.

2.Mihajlov, S. M. Istoriya dizajna. Tom 2: Uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov / S.M. Mihajlov. – Moskva: «Soyuz dizajnerov Rossii», 2003. – 270 p., ill.

3.Pajl, D. Istoriya dizajna inter`erov i arhitektury` v zerkale e`poh. 6000 let istorii / D. Pajl; per. s angl. O. I. Sergeevoj. – Moskva: Astrel`, 2007. – 467 p.

4.Rajli, N. E`lementy` dizajna / N. Rajli; per. s angl. A.A. Anohina. – Moskva: Magma, 2004. – 544 p.

D.D. Fomina, P.A. Ovchinnikov, E.B. Mikhailova

Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

ANALYSIS OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING CONCEPT OF A LARGE COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE PROJECT AT THE STAGE OF ASSET MANAGEMENT

Our purpose is to consider urban planning opportunities and development restrictions, as well as economic parameters that affect the occupancy and profitability of a large commercial real estate object using Fantastica shopping and entertainment center as an example.

An architectural concept (design project) is a pre-project proposal that includes functional zoning of the territory, the location of buildings on the site, the scheme of transport support and logistics, floor plans, sections, facades, and three-dimensional visualization of the building.

The urban planning concept is a pre-project proposal for the development of a land plot, taking into account urban planning norms and regulations (urban planning documentation), including: master plan of the city ( GISOGD of

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Nizhny Novgorod region); rules for land use and development (PZZ of the city of Nizhny Novgorod); legal status of the land plot.

Asset management sets itself the task of the most efficient management of assets and real estate investment portfolios. This is a trust management of the investor's capital in order to increase it.

As an object of commercial real estate under study, we will consider Fantastica shopping and entertainment center with a total area of 120,739 sq. m.

The shopping and entertainment center is located on a land plot located at the address: Nizhny Novgorod region, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod district, st. Rodionova, 187, 187A, 187B, 187V, has a cadastral number 52:18:0060206:37 [Fig.1].

Figure 1. Situation plan for the location of Fantastica shopping center

Fantastica is the largest shopping and entertainment center in the city and region. It is not only a place for shopping, but also a place for leisure activities. The desire to meet the diverse needs of visitors and the individual tastes of people here creates an atmosphere of comfort for relaxation, communication and entertainment, and, of course, shopping. This is a modern family shopping center with a rich offer of product groups, covering almost all areas of consumer life.

More than 195 stores of various formats ranging from 40 to 4,000 square meters are represented on the territory of Fantastica shopping center. Most of them are trademarks with federal and international names.

In addition to shopping, guests of the shopping and entertainment center can use all kinds of services.

At Fantastica food court with 900 seats, you can taste the cuisine of different countries of the world. The coffee shops in the galleries and atriums of the center are perfect for business meetings and romantic dates.

A feature of the shopping and entertainment center is a professional concert stage, which is surrounded by an original programmable dynamic fountain. The daily multimedia show of fountains – a magical sound and light

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extravaganza of music in flying water drops – is a kind of a “calling card” of Fantastica.

Permitted use: for a multifunctional shopping and entertainment complex with underground parking, a distribution point with a transformer substation and the adjacent territory.

According to the GISOGD of Nizhny Novgorod region, the territory of the selected land plot belongs to the TOsp-t zone type. Name of the functional zone: commercial and residential areas, the approved Master Plan was approved by the Resolution of the City Duma of the city of Nizhny Novgorod dated March 17, 2010 No. 22.

According to the Land Use and Development Rules, the territory of the selected site is the main types of permitted use are public services, consumer services, business, trade facilities (shopping centers, shopping and entertainment centers, shops, catering, public land).

The location of the center is characterized by convenient transport accessibility.

Location in an area with busy traffic and close to large residential complexes, as well as the presence of such a large anchor tenant as Real, selling food products of daily demand, as well as Auchan.

After analyzing the floor distribution of tenants in the Fantastica shopping and entertainment center, we can conclude that there is a division of tenants by type of service in Fantastica shopping and entertainment center.

The basic principles of internal logistics are as follows. Places for longterm stay of buyers and clients are moved away from the main entrance groups and lifting units used in the regular operation of the building. It is done because of the danger of crowding in transit public areas. Such traffic jams are dangerous in themselves and can lead to injury and even death.

References

1.Analitika. Torgovaya nedvizhimost`. [Electronic resource]. - URL access mode: http://idemnn.ru/analitika/g_analitika_torgovaya_nedvizhimost_obzor_rynka (Accessed 19.10.2021)

2.Federal`ny`j zakon ot 29 iyulya 1998 g. N 135-FZ "Ob ocenochnoj deyatel`nosti v Rossijskoj Federacii" (s izmeneniyami i dopolneniyami)

3.Goremy`kin V.A. E`konomika nedvizhimosti / V.A. Goremy`kin. Moskva: Prospekt, 2016. – 126 p.

4.Gradostroitel`ny`j kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii ot 29.12.2004 g. № 190-FZ (red. ot 31.07.2020) (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 28.08.2020).

5.Gribovskij S.V. Massovaya ocenka nedvizhimosti / S.V. Gribovskij. Moskva: Finansovy`j biznes, 2010. – 45 p.

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