8333
.pdfto look to the future |
смотреть в будущее |
to keep up with the time |
идти в ногу со временем |
to see a thing in a new perspective |
видеть ч-л. в новом свете |
to see a lot of potential |
видеть большой потенциал |
to have different vision of |
иметь иное видение |
a man of vision/big picture person |
дальновидный человек |
a vision of the future |
картина будущего |
development prospects |
перспективы развития |
modern trends |
современные направления |
Evocation (Вызов) Useful terms and phrases
1. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:
countryman |
cоотечественник, земляк |
monumental |
монументальный, обладающий |
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непреходящей исторической ценностью |
intimate space |
интимное пространство |
resort |
курорт |
filling station |
заправочная станция |
synagogue |
синагога |
beer garden |
пивная на открытом воздухе |
mechanical engineering |
инженерная механика |
to drop out |
бросать, оставлять (учёбу, занятия) |
practice |
дело (частная фирма) |
to transfer |
переходить, переводиться |
renowned |
известный, знаменитый |
to be responsible for |
быть ответственным за |
commission |
заказ |
private house |
частный дом, собственный дом |
found a practice |
основывать, создавать фирму |
some fifty |
примерно пятьдесят |
environs |
пригород, окрестности |
to showcase |
демонстрировать, показывать |
fieldstone |
щебень |
brick |
кирпич |
wood |
дерево |
to leave in the natural state |
оставлять в естественном состоянии |
as far as possible |
по мере возможности |
to fit harmoniously into the |
гармонично вписываться в окружающую |
surroundings |
среду |
spacious |
просторный |
low-slung |
низкорасположенный |
to regard |
считаться |
mature example |
совершенный образец |
concrete |
бетон |
steel |
сталь |
glass |
стекло |
public building |
общественное здание |
to strive-strove-striven |
cтремиться, прилагать усилия |
to create an inviting atmosphere |
создавать доброжелательную атмосферу |
housing project |
проект застройки |
open mezzanine |
мезонин, полуэтаж |
lofty interior |
благородный интерьер |
to flood with light |
заливать светом |
a guild |
цех, гильдия, организация |
“Broad acre city” |
«Город поместий» |
to commission |
заказать |
extraordinary |
необычайный, незаурядный, удивительный |
device |
прибор |
cantilever |
консоль |
to describe |
описывать |
to exhibit |
показывать |
typical feature |
характерная деталь/ элемент |
natural style |
натуральный стиль |
to blend in with |
сочетаться, гармонировать |
coloring of rocks |
окраска скал |
to provide occasional accents |
обеспечивать дополнительный акцент |
to epitomize |
воплощать, олицетворять |
breath of nature |
дыхание природы |
solid ground |
твёрдый грунт |
to float |
плавать |
to promote harmony |
способствовать гармонии |
human habitat |
жилая среда |
retreat |
Приют, пристанище |
wide range of work |
широкий спектр работ |
Vocabulary Focus
2. Match the words and phrases to their translation: a)
a countryman |
щебень |
to create monumental spaces |
создавать фирму |
an architectural practice |
переходить, переводиться |
the most renowned architects of their |
частный дом |
day |
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to be responsible for commissions |
cоотечественник, земляк |
to transfer |
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создавать обладающие непреходящей |
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исторической |
ценностью |
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пространства |
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a private house |
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архитектурная фирма |
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to found a practice |
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самые |
знаменитые |
архитекторы |
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своего времени |
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fieldstone |
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быть ответственным за заказы |
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b) |
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to flood with light |
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сталь и стекло |
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brick and wood |
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самый совершенный образец |
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to leave in the natural state |
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бетон |
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to fit harmoniously into the |
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заливать светом |
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surroundings |
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comfortable and spacious |
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создавать доброжелательную |
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атмосферу |
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the most mature example |
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показать характерные черты |
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натурального стиля |
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concrete |
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оставлять в естественном состоянии |
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steel and glass |
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гармонично вписываться в |
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окружающую среду |
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to create an inviting atmosphere |
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комфортабельный и просторный |
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to exhibit typical features of the |
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кирпич и дерево |
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“natural style” |
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c) |
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housing project |
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необычайный дом |
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open mezzanine |
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описывать стиль |
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flooded with light |
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характерная деталь/ элемент |
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to commission a house |
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гармонировать с окраской скал |
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an extraordinary house |
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обеспечивать дополнительный |
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акценты |
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to describe a style |
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проект застройки |
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a typical feature |
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открытый мезонин |
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to blend in with the coloring of rocks |
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залитый светом |
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to provide occasional accents |
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заказать дом |
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d) |
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to epitomize the man |
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широкий спектр работ |
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to live in harmony with nature |
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производить впечатление на широкую |
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публику |
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to focus on the connection |
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способствовать гармонии |
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to feel the breath of nature |
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жить в гармонии с природой |
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to impress the general public |
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олицетворять человека |
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human habitat |
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фокусироваться на связи |
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to promote harmony |
чувствовать дыхание природы |
a wide range of work |
жилая среда |
3. Group work. Look at the picture and think what you can speculate about the man depicted in the picture. Individually write down everything that you associate with this man. Then, share your ideas with your group.
The following questions can be helpful:
1.When did this man live?
2.Where did he live?
3.What did he do? What was he famous for?
4.Group work. Report your ideas to the class in order to put them on the board.
5.Structure the received information in the form of the “cluster” (графическая организация материала, показывающая смысловые поля того или иного понятия):
6.Group work. Prepare a presentation about this man and deliver the presentation to the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion.
Realization (Осмысление)
Reading
7.Agree (+) or disagree (-) with the following statements about the man or put (?) if you are not sure:
1.Frank Lloyd Wright showed his countrymen new ways to teach students.
2.He was born in 1767 in Manchester.
3.He created the world’s most outstanding landscapes.
4.Frank Lloyd Wright a well-educated person.
5.He founded his own practice in Chicago.
6.He impressed architects and the general public alike, because he created one of the most extraordinary houses in America.
7.Frank Lloyd Wright always strove to create an inviting atmosphere in the new interiors.
8.He created a natural style in architecture.
8.Read the text and correct agree (+) or disagree (-) statements.
9.Read the text once again and make marginal marks (пометки на полях):
√ - I knew it;
+ - New information;
- - The information contradicts my knowledge;
? — The information isn’t enough or understandable.
1.Get ready to answer the following questions after reading the text:
9.What did you know about architecture before reading the text?
10.What information did you find new reading the text?
11.What information contradicts your knowledge?
12.What information isn’t enough or understandable for you?
The life and work of Frank Lloyd Wright
For more than 70 years Frank Lloyd Wright showed his countrymen new ways to build their homes and see the world around them. He created some of the most monumental, and some of the most intimate spaces in America. He designed everything: banks and resorts, office buildings and churches, a filling station and a synagogue, a beer garden and an art museum.
The American architect and designer Frank Lloyd Wright was born in 1867 in Richland Center, Wisconsin. From 1885 until 1887, he studied mechanical engineering at the University of Wisconsin but dropped out after four semesters. After that he worked in the architectural practice of Joseph Lyman Silsbee. Frank Lloyd Wright soon transferred to the architectural practice of Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan, the most renowned and progressive architects of their day. Frank Lloyd Wright was responsible for commissions for private houses until 1893, when he founded a practice of his own in Chicago.
By 1909 he had built some fifty private houses, mainly in Chicago and environs, in the “Prairie Style”. The earliest of them showcased materials such as fieldstone, brick, and wood. The building materials were left as far as possible in their natural state. For this reason these houses fitted harmoniously into their surroundings and were also extremely comfortable, spacious. Long and low-slung,
“Robie House” (1906) is regarded as the most mature example of the “Prairie House”; it is built of brick, concrete, steel, and glass. Frank Lloyd Wright also designed the interiors of his houses.
Even when designing office buildings and public buildings, Frank Lloyd
Wright always strove to create an inviting atmosphere in the new interiors: “the space within that building is the reality of that building.” Between 1903 and 1905,
Frank Lloyd Wright designed the Larkin Building in Buffalo, with open mezzanines and a lofty interior flooded with light.
In 1922 Frank Lloyd Wright opened a practice in Los Angeles but by the late 1920s he went to Spring Green. There he founded a guild, where he worked on the utopian housing project “Broad Acre City» with his students. At that time Edgar J. Kaufmann, Lloyd Wright’s student commissioned his teacher to build a house for him (1935), “Falling Water”, in Pennsylvania.
This extraordinary house hangs over a waterfall using the architectural device known as the cantilever. Wright described his architectural style as “organic”—in harmony with nature. The country house exhibits typical features of Wright’s natural style.
The materials of the structure blend in with the colorings of
rocks and trees, while bright wildflowers or birds outside provide occasional accents.
“Falling Water” epitomizes the man living in harmony with nature. The residence focuses on the connection between men, architecture, and nature. It is designed to feel the breath of nature.
The house impressed architects and the general public alike, because it didn’t seem to stand on solid ground, but rather floated over a 30-foot waterfall. It was the first time when the concept of designing and building structures promoted harmony between the natural world and human habitats.
During the last part of his life, Wright produced a wide range of work. Particularly important was Taliesin West, a winter retreat and studio he built in Arizona. He died at Taliesin West in 1959.
1. Individual work. Read the text again and fill in the “marginal chart”:
√ |
+ |
- |
? |
I knew that … |
I didn’t know that … |
The information |
The information |
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about … contradicts |
about … isn’t |
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my knowledge |
enough or |
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because … |
understandable for |
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me, because … |
Reflection (Размышление)
Listening & Speaking
1.Match the words from two columns to create a phrase and make sentences to use them in your own text entitled “Frank Lloyd Wright’s life”. Share your ideas with the partner:
to be born |
to the architectural practice of the most |
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renowned architects |
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to study |
a wide range of work |
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to drop out |
in 1959 |
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to work |
private houses in the “Prairie Style” |
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to transfer |
in 1867 in Wisconsin |
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to be responsible |
mechanical engineering |
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to found |
after four semesters |
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to build |
in the architectural practice |
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To produce |
for commissions |
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to die |
a practice |
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1.Match the words from two columns to create a phrase and make sentences to use them in your own text entitled “Frank Lloyd Wright’s work”. Share your ideas with the partner:
to show |
such materials as fieldstone, brick, and |
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wood |
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to create |
typical features of the natural style |
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to design |
with the colorings of rocks and trees |
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to build |
the man living in harmony with nature |
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to showcase |
new ways to build homes |
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to leave |
the most monumental spaces |
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to create |
banks and resorts, office buildings and |
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churches |
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to be regarded |
private houses in the “Prairie Style” |
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to exhibit |
materials in the natural state |
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blend in |
an inviting atmosphere |
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to epitomize |
as the most mature example |
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1.Prepare a presentation about architecture according to the text and deliver your presentation to the class. Get ready to discuss it answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. (See appendix 2.)
15.Group work. Reflect on your own professional speech.
16.Group work. Reflect on the professional speech of other groups. Get ready to discuss different points of view persisting in your own opinion.
17.Write a reflection entitled “Frank Lloyd Wright, life and work”
Unit 10
Unit
The Pyramids of EGYPT
Warming up (Разминка)
1.Group work. Reflect on the following proverb, interpret it and share your ideas with the class. Get ready to discuss different points of view answering questions and persisting in your own opinion. The following lexis can be helpful:
“Experience is the best teacher”.
To gain experience |
приобретать опыт |
to know by experience, to know from |
знать что-л. По опыту |
experience |
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to learn by experience |
учиться на опыте; узнать по опыту |
great/broad experience, wide experience |
большой опыт |
learning experience |
опыт обучения |
practical experience |
практический опыт |
from personal experience |
по личному опыту |
to learn at first hand |
убедиться на личном опыте |
draw on smb.’s experience |
использовать чей-л. Опыт |
bitter experience |
горький опыт |
Evocation (Вызов) Useful terms and phrases
1. Read the following terms and phrases, mind their pronunciation:
magnificent |
великолепный, величественный |
a man-made structure |
искусственное сооружение |
powerful civilization |
могущественная цивилизация |
massive scale |
огромная величина |
to reflect |
отражать |
pharaoh |
фараон |
a unique role |
уникальная роль |
an ancient Egyptian society |
древнеегипетское общество |
the Seven Wonders of the World |
семь чудес света |
to remain intact |
оставаться неизменным, оставаться |
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нетронутым |
to serve |
служить |
a burial place |
место погребения |
particularly |
особенно |
tomb |
гробница |
ruler |
правитель |
to hold the status of god |
иметь статус бога |
on earth |
на земле |
to construct |
строить |
to weigh |
весить |
to survive |
сохраниться |
resemble |
совпадать, напоминать |
original condition |
первоначальное состояние |
to be made up of |
быть сделанным из |
approximately |
приблизительно |
block of stone |
каменный блок |
on average |
в среднем |
granite slab |
гранитная плита |
roof of the burial chamber |
крыша погребальной камеры/ |
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гробницы |
engineering marvel |
чудо техники |
monumental pyramid |
монументальные пирамиды |
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(обладающие непреходящей |
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исторической ценностью) пирамиды |
to orient to the cardinal points |
ориентировать на четыре части света |
strong impact |
сильное влияние |
"Man fears time, but time fears the |
«Человек боится времени, а время |
pyramids." |
боится пирамид» |
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over the years |
со временем |
to rank as the tallest structure |
считаться самым высоким |
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сооружением |
century |
cтолетие, век |
averaging |
составляющий в среднем |
in weight |
по весу |
to cover with |
покрывать |
casing of stones |
каменная облицовка |
smooth surface |
выравнивать поверхность; гладкая |
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поверхность |
sloping angle |
угол наклона |
51 degrees and 51 minutes |
51 градус 52 минуты |
angled side |
наклонённая сторона |
to symbolize the rays of the sun |
символизировать солнечные лучи |
to design |
предназначаться, замысливаться |
king's soul |
душа короля |
to ascend to heaven |
вознестись на небо |
to join the gods |
отправиться к богу |
the sun god Ra |
Бог солнца «Ра» |
side |
сторона |
cross section |
поперечное сечение |
square |
Квадратный, прямоугольный |
at any level |
На любом уровне |
to measurе |
иметь размеры, измерять |
in length |
Длиной |
unbelievable |
Невероятный |
maximum error |
максимальная ошибка, максимальная |
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погрешность |
two and a half (2 ½) tons |
две с половиной тонны |
nought point one (0.1) per cent |
0,1 процента |
special feature |
характерная особенность |
Vocabulary Focus
2. Match the words and phrases to their translation: a)
the most magnificent man-made |
фараон |
structure |
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the richest and most powerful |
древнеегипетское общество |
civilization |
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the massive scale of the Pyramid |
семь чудес света |
to reflect |
построенный в г. Гиза |
to play a unique role |
оставаться неизменным |
a pharaoh |
служить местом погребения |
an ancient Egyptian society |
самое величественное, искусственное |
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сооружение |
the Seven Wonders of the World |
самая богатая и могущественная |
|
цивилизация |
built at Giza |
огромная величина |
to remain intact |
отражать |
to serve as a burial place |
играть уникальную роль |
b) |
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a tomb |
сохраниться |
rulers of ancient Egypt |
совпадать с первоначальным |
|
состоянием |
to hold the status of gods |
быть сделанным из каменных блоков |
on earth |
в среднем |
to construct of stones |
гранитная плита |
to weigh from 2 to 30 tons |
гробница |
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to survive |
правители древнего Египта |
to resemble the original condition |
иметь статус богов |
to be made up of stone blocks |
на земле |
on average |
строить из камней |
the granite slab |
весить от 2до 30 тонн |
c) |
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the roof of the burial chamber |
иметь размеры, измерять |
located in Giza |
быть точно ориентированным (на ) |
to remain one of the engineering |
со временем |
marvels |
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