книги / Innovative power engineering
..pdfPerm National Research Polytechnic University
INNOVATIVE POWER ENGINEERING
Proceedings
of International Russian-Sino Student Competition
Perm 2015
In this volume, the works of scientists, graduate students as well as the best reports at the Innovative Power Engineering Conference and Russian-Sino Student Competition in Innovative Power Engineering are collected.
The Innovative Power Engineering Conference including Student Session were performed in according to Association of Sino-Russian Technical Universities (ASRTU – 2015) Meeting in Perm city Russia and devoted to the Energy Resource Saving Technologies, Energy Management, Innovations in the Power Engineering, Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources.
Published research results can be useful interest for researchers, educators and professionals who are interested in theoretical and applied investigations in the Innovative Power Engineering.
Editorial board:
Prof., Dr. Vladimir Korotaev, Perm National Research Polytechnic University Prof., Dr. Nikolay Lobov, Perm National Research Polytechnic University Prof., Dr. Aleksandr Danilov, Perm National Research Polytechnic University Prof., Dr. Alexander Kostygov, Perm National Research Polytechnic University Assoc Prof., Dr. Aleksey Kychkin, Perm National Research Polytechnic University Assoc. Prof., Dr. Aleksandr Surkov, Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Aleksandr N. Danilov
Assistant of Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs,
Professor of Automation and Telemechanics Department
Nikolai V. Lobov – Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs, Associate Professor, Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Kychkin V. Aleksey
PhD (Eng), Associate Professor, Microprocessor Means of Automation Department
Deputy Dean for Science of Electrical Engineering Faculty Perm National Research Polytechnic University
ISBN 978-5-398-01486-0 |
© , 2015 |
CONTENTS |
|
Chen Yan, Cheng Ke, Chen Binglu |
|
Experimental Study on the Optimal Tilt Angle of Photovoltaic |
|
Panels In Yulin of Shaanxi Province............................................................. |
7 |
E. Solomin, E. Sirotkin, Solomin |
|
The results of operation and testing of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines......... |
14 |
Zhenjian Jia, Weixing Zhou, Wenchao Liu |
|
Research on Effects of fuel pyrolysis to performance of internal |
|
combustion engine ...................................................................................... |
26 |
A.A. Evdokimov, Y.L. Spirin |
|
Hydrogen Energy and Reducing the Environmental Impact |
|
of Megacities............................................................................................... |
31 |
Hu Song, Huang Shuhong, Yi Hui, Liu Yang, Chi Huanying, Yang Rupu |
|
HUST Research Achievement on Energy field during |
|
urbanization process.................................................................................... |
36 |
A.B. Petrochenkov, A.V. Kychkin |
|
SEMAS: Smart Energy Monitoring and Analysis System......................... |
46 |
Jun-jun Wu, Bin Lin, Yu Tan, Hua Li, Cheng-cheng Huang, Lei Cao |
|
Air-conditioning condenser integrated with a spray system utilizing |
|
condensate water ......................................................................................... |
53 |
V.L. Ivanov, D.A. Skibin |
|
Communal Solid Waste as Fuel for Gas Turbine Power Plants ................. |
69 |
A.A. Polikarpov |
|
The Oxygen Partial Pressure Influence On The Gas Diffusion |
|
Electrode Characteristics Of The Aluminum-Air Batteries ....................... |
74 |
Liu Nairui, Yang Xiaoxian, Wu zibo, Li Xin |
|
Design and Experimental Research of Micro Solar Power |
|
Contact UASB ............................................................................................ |
81 |
D.A. Startsev, V.V. Tiunov, N.A. Laba, S.M. Kuminov, |
|
. . Lotokhov, E.V. Makhnutina |
|
Development of electronic model of heat supply system of a city |
|
based on teplograph information graphics system for town |
|
of Dobryanka, Permskiy krai, Russia.......................................................... |
95 |
3
M.A. Surkov |
|
Power supply systems for stand-alone consumers with high |
|
renewable energy penetration .................................................................... |
104 |
Lixi Zhang, Zhengyang Li, Jing Cai, Rongzhen Wang |
|
Experimental Study on a Solar Desalination Process of Bubbling |
|
Humidifying Coupled with Stack Plates Dehumidifying.......................... |
110 |
Y.L. Spirin |
|
Cavitation Technology for Waste Processing and Power Generation ....... |
123 |
A. Laushkin, A. Khaziev |
|
Analysis of Source of Oil Flooding ........................................................... |
129 |
V.V. Tiunov |
|
Masters’ of science advanced english professional studies in the field |
|
of electrical energetics and engineering.................................................... |
134 |
N.I. Kuznetsov, M.Yu. Petukhov, A.A. Khaziev, A.V. Laushkin |
|
Freezing of condensate in the exhaust System of cars............................... |
139 |
Alternative and Renewable Power Sources |
|
Borong Hu, Li Ran |
|
High Efficiency with Multi Load Wireless Power Transmission ............. |
148 |
Hongrui Peng, Heping Liu |
|
The Imagine about Thermoelectric Power Generation Glass ................... |
160 |
D.D. Ivaschenko |
|
Development of the Far North Coast by wind hydrogen energy .............. |
176 |
Li Haoran, Wang Xuchen, Yu Tianning, Li Songqi |
|
Vertical axis wind turbine with collecting tide power |
|
as a complement generator......................................................................... |
179 |
Li Songqi, Yu Tianning, Wang xuchen, Li Haoran |
|
The Design of a New Solar-powered Unmanned Aircraft........................ |
181 |
A.T. Jailany, S.E. Shcheklein, Y.E. Nemikhin, D.A. Nemkov |
|
Experimental and calculated Studying for the effect of the orientation |
|
on photovoltaic effectiveness..................................................................... |
183 |
D.V. Vorotintcev, N.D. Karpov, Y.L. Muravitsky |
|
Development of power supply system of Autonomous marine |
|
research buoy ............................................................................................. |
186 |
Wang Xuchen, Li Haoran, Li Songqi, Yu Tianning |
|
The new anti-typhoon wind turbines ......................................................... |
191 |
4
Yifei Xue, Lin Zhang, Hanying Xu, Zhu Mao, Li Tian, Yiming Yan |
|
Photosynthesis algal microbial fuel cell system........................................ |
193 |
Power Management |
|
A.V. Nikiforov, S. . Sheklein |
|
Using a measuring system for the study of POLIS d'Alembert's |
|
paradox and the continued use of this phenomenon for various |
|
spheres of power ....................................................................................... |
195 |
N.A. Laba, S.M. Kuminov, A.M. Lotokhov, E.V. Makhnutina, |
|
D.A. Startsev, V.V. Tiunov |
|
Development of Heat Supply Electronic Model for town |
|
of Dobryanka, Permskiy Krai, Russia....................................................... |
197 |
V.I. Velkin, S.E. Shcheklein, K.S. Denisov |
|
Optimization complex systems of renewable energy sources (RES) |
|
based on computer program “VizProRES” (Russia)................................ |
205 |
Innovations in the Power Engineering |
|
D. Borovikov, A. Ionov, S. Seliverstov |
|
Micro-turbine engines usage in power generation systems...................... |
211 |
Jiang Jibing, Peng Weiwei, Tian Kan |
|
An innovative design of temperature control based on controllable |
|
heat pipes .................................................................................................. |
215 |
E. Solomin, E. Sirotkin, S. Tchetoshnikov |
|
The control of vertical axis wind turbine rotor speed................................ |
230 |
Sun Chen, Liu Tianhao |
|
The Design and Production of Ventilation Windows |
|
Based on Ionic Wind and Electrostatic Precipitation ................................ |
235 |
Sun Yue, Han Bing |
|
Design of a Wave Powered Combination Electric Generator |
|
Based on the Liquid Metal MHD.............................................................. |
249 |
Jun-jun Wu, Bin Lin, Yu Tan, Hua Li, Cheng-cheng Huang, Lei Cao |
|
Air-conditioning condenser integrated with a spray system |
|
utilizing condensate water......................................................................... |
264 |
Yinsheng Yu, Yuqing Tang, Xiuqi Hu, Chuanhang Wang |
|
A Refrigerator Defrosting Device Based on A Single Adsorption |
|
Bed Driven by Waste Heat........................................................................ |
280 |
5
Power Resource Saving Technologies |
|
A.S. Kudryavtsev |
|
Cavitation Options for Waste Autoclave Technology |
|
for Power Generation................................................................................. |
294 |
Ming-Jia Li, Zheng-Tao Hu, Hui-Dong Tian |
|
A Novel Energy-Saving Intelligent Control System for Diesel |
|
Engine Starting .......................................................................................... |
297 |
Shi Rui, Huang Lixiao, Yang Chenxiao |
|
The Electricity Generation System Based on Piezoelectric |
|
Ceramic Applying on Road Deceleration Strip ........................................ |
300 |
Xu Yifan, Huang Siqi |
|
Array float bowls storm proof wave energy conversion system |
|
used in island ............................................................................................. |
313 |
Yu Tianning, Wang xuchen, Li Haoran, Li Songqi |
|
Nested Energy-saving Water Boiler Based On Air-source Heat Pump ..... |
324 |
6
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE OPTIMAL TILT ANGLE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS IN YULIN OF SHAANXI PROVINCE
Chen Yan, Cheng Ke, Chen Binglu
School of Power and Energy, Northwestern Polytechnical University,
Xi
As one of the main forms of solar energy, photovoltaic (PV) power generators have been developed rapidly in the past few years. An experimental PV system with 4 different tilt and azimuthal was installed in Yulin of Shaanxi province in this paper. The solar modules were installed towards the East, South and West and each azimuth for 4 different tilt angles: 30, 35, 40 and 90°. In these positions the values of current, voltage, power and solar radiation intensity were measured. The optimum positions were determined in which maximum values of solar intensity and power were recorded. The results show that PV module oriented gives the greatest value of electrical energy towards the South for the tilt angle of 40°.
Introduction
As a substitute for fossil energy sources, the PV panels has been widely used as a long term, inexhaustible, environmentally friendly and reliable energy technology. Therefore, the selection and proper installation of PV modules directly affects the output of system.
Solar radiation data is usually measured in the form of global radiation on a horizontal surface at the corresponding latitude. PV modules are tilted so that they collect maximum radiation. Since the flat-plate solar collectors are installed at an angle to the horizontal, it is necessary to calculate the optimum tilt angle which maximizes the amount of collected energy. It is generally known that in the northern hemisphere, the optimum collector orientation is South facing and that the optimum tilt angle depends on the latitude and the day of the year. In winter, the optimum tilt is greater (usually latitude +15°), while in summer the optimum tilt angle is lower (usually latitude –15°) [1]. There are many papers which make different recommendations for the optimum tilt angle, based only on the latitude [2]. In practice, a collector plate is usually oriented South facing and at a fixed tilt angle
7
which is set to maximize the average energy in the period of one year. It has been found that for every location on earth with specific radiation characteristics, there is an optimal tilt angle for the best solar energy.
This experiment evaluates the performance of four PV modules at different tilt angles and fixed Shaanxi province has three landforms which are Shaanxi northern plateau, Guanzhong plain and Qinba mountain land in south of Shaanxi. So climate type is also divided into three types. The climate of northern Shaanxi belongs to arid regions and semi-arid climate in the temperate zone and Guanzhong's climate belongs to Semi-humid climate in the temperate zone and the one of northern Shaanxi belongs to north orientation in order to define the optimal tilt angle in Yulin. The monthly solar radiation data and PV power output have been measured and the relationships between theirs and the tilt angle have been analized. According to the experimental data analysis, the optimal tilt angle has been obtained.
1. Resource condition
In Shaanxi province of China, it is about 870 kilometers from northern to southern of Shaanxi. Subtropical humid climate. In this case, the distribution of solar energy resources has a big gap in different regions, especially between north and south in Shaanxi province, the annual total sunshine radiation is 3830–5750 MJ/m2, the annual sunshine time is 1270–2900 hours and the sunshine ratio is 28–64 %. And Yulin is located in the north of Shaanxi.
This PV system was installed in 110kv substation of Yulin Mazhaliang area. Yulin locates in 109°34'2.74" N and 38°9'11.65" E. The yearly average temperature is 10 ° .This area is the most abundant solar energy resources in Shaanxi. It has annual average total sunshine duration of 2900h.The experiment was to make sure of the amount of PV modules, its tilt angle and orientation.
According to the meteorological data of NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy, the monthly solar radiation and average temperature are shown as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
8
250
200
2 |
|
radiation/kWh/msolar |
150 |
|
100 |
50
0
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
time/month
Fig. 1. Monthly solar radiation
2. Experimental setup
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
oC |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
temperature |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
||
|
1 |
|||||||||||||
time/month
Fig. 2. Monthly average temperature
As shown in Fig. 3., four PV modules facing towards the south with various tilt angles of 30, 35, 40 and 90° have been installed in the substation of Yulin. The PV power output and solar radiation data have been measured for each PV module. The size of each PV module is 1.575m×1.066m, with an area of about 1.679m2 and maximum power 230W.
Fig. 3. Solar module in the 110kv substation of Yulin
Mazhaliang
9
Table 1
Output power ration and scale factor of PV modules with respect to PV module 2
Module number |
Output power ration |
Scale factor |
1 |
0.989767024 |
1.010338773 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
1.013990054 |
0.986202967 |
4 |
0.919052 |
1.088078 |
For the experimental system include: solar photovoltaic power testing system, solar radiation monitoring system and so on. The DC voltage and current collector was used for the data acquisition of voltage/current (power). A radiation meter was used for the data acquisition of solar addiation, temperature, air speed as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5
Fig. 4. Radiation meter for the solar |
Fig. 5. The measurement system |
radiation |
of PV module output |
3. Results analysis
The experimental period is from January 1, 2012 to November 31, 2012. On January 29. Except some national vacations (just like spring festival, labor day, national day and so on). The experiment lasts 344 days.
10