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1.Amaee C. C., Jl,artulloe H. H., IlpblKUrt E. B. II ,n:p. TexnonoriDI cTpOIITellLHoro rrpmn- BOJJ:CTBa. M.: Cwoilii3JJ:aT, 1984.
2.ArjJartacbee A.A., jl,artUJIOB H.H., KonblllOB B.jl,. II ,n:p. Texnonorm1 cTpOIITCJlbHLIX rrpo!]eccos. M.: BLICIIJaHIIIKOJla, 1997.
3.CoKOJIOB TK. TenronorrrH II opranii3ai]IIH crpOIITCJlbCTBa. M.: ACADEMA, 2002.
4.Tellu<tertKo B.Jf., Tepemnbee O.M, Jlanuoyc A.A. Texnononm cTponrenLHLIX rrpo- l]eccos. 1.f. I. M.: BLIClllali IIIKOJia, 2005.
5.focCTpoii CCCP. EJJ;IIHLTe nopMLI II paci]CHKH Ha cTpoiiTCJlLHble, MOHTa)KHLie II pe- MOHTHO-cTpOIITCJlLHLie pa6oTLI. C6opniiK E2 «3eMIDIHLie pa6oTLm. BLm. 1 «MexaHII3IIpo- BaHHLie n pyqnLie 3CMll51HLie pa6oTLm. M.: CTpoiiH3JJ;ar, 1988.
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-0,31 |
|
hu |
-0,54 |
0,17 |
0,26 |
0,15 |
-0,78 |
-0,26 |
-0,33 |
0,16 |
0,33 |
-0,43 |
|
hl2 |
-0,33 |
0,08 |
0,17 |
-0,24 |
-0,44 |
-0,15 |
0,14 |
0,24 |
0,14 |
-0,25 |
|
hl3 |
0,15 |
-0,23 |
0,25 |
-0,41 |
-0,31 |
-0,25 |
0,24 |
0,20 |
0,26 |
-0,18 |
|
hr4 |
0,28 |
-0,43 |
0,34 |
0,15 |
-0,51 |
0,18 |
-0,35 |
0,31 |
-0,18 |
-0,40 |
|
hr5 |
0,39 |
-0,59 |
0,18 |
0,35 |
-0,60 |
0,27 |
-0,18 |
0,13 |
-0,26 |
-0,57 |
|
hr6 |
0,14 |
-0,71 |
0,28 |
0,16 |
-0,45 |
-0,12 |
-0,10 |
-0,15 |
0,24 |
0,22 |
|
hn |
0,21 |
-0,96 |
0,33 |
0,24 |
-0,25 |
-0,22 |
-0,21 |
-0,25 |
0,14 |
0,32 |
|
hrs |
0,33 |
-0,82 |
0,44 |
0,36 |
-0,30 |
-0,32 |
-0,34 |
0,36 |
0,21 |
-0,30 |
|
h,9 |
0,44 |
-0,44 |
-0,25 |
. -0,33 |
0,15 |
-0,34 |
0,26 |
0,30 |
0,31 |
-0,16 |
|
h2o |
0,63 |
-0,66 |
-0,43 |
-0.18 |
0,20 |
-0,24 |
0,41 |
0,17 |
0,19 |
-0,52 |
|
h21 |
0,46 |
-0,46 |
-0,55 |
-0,24 |
0,10 |
0,17 |
0,63 |
-0,23 |
-0,17 |
0,11 |
|
h22 |
0,24 |
-0,32 |
-0,75 |
-0,15 |
0,25 |
0,39 |
0,77 |
-0,31 |
-0,29 |
0,22 |
|
h23 |
0,32 |
-0,11 |
-0,49 |
-0,30 |
0,31 |
-0,14 |
0,55 |
-0,18 |
0,39 |
0,35 |
|
h24 |
0,11 |
-0,37 |
-0,30 |
-0,42 |
0,19 |
-0,31 |
0,66 |
0,35 |
0,21 |
-0,18 |
|
IIPHJIOJKEHHE 2
CIIPABOqHI.IE MATEPIIAJJhl
|
|
|
|
|
Ta6nm.1a |
II2.1 |
|
|
IIoKa3aTeJiu pa3pl.IXJieHHII rpyHTOB |
|
|
||
N£ |
HanMenosa~me |
TiepsonaqanLrroe ysemrqenue |
OcTaTO'IHOe prupLrxnenne rpyuTa, |
|||
rrlrr |
rpyHTOB |
o6beMa rpyrrTa rrocne prupa6oTKH, |
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
1 |
IICCOK |
|
10 -15 |
2-5 |
|
|
2 |
cyrrecL |
|
12- 17 |
3-5 |
|
|
3 |
cynmrroK |
- |
18 -24 |
3-6 |
|
|
4 |
rnuna |
24 -30 |
4.,-7 |
|
||
|
|
|||||
5 |
paCTHTCJTLHLJH |
|
|
|
|
|
|
rpyHT |
|
20-25 |
3-4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ta6nnl{a |
IJ2.2 |
|
PeKoMeup;ai.(HH no ucnoJihJoaauuro JeMJiepoiino-TpancnopTHhiX Marnuu |
|
||||
NQ |
Tun MarnHHLI H ero xapaKTepncTnKa |
Cpep;HllJJ. AMLHOCTL |
|
|||
rrlrr |
|
|
|
nepeMemerrmr rpynTa, M |
|
|
1 |
EynLA03epLI na 6a3e ·rpaKmpa: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
- )J;T-74 u )J;T-75 |
|
|
30 ... |
50 |
|
|
- T-100 |
|
|
50 ... |
80 |
|
|
- T -130 |
|
|
80 ... |
120 |
|
|
- T-180 n )J;3T-250 |
|
120 ... 150 |
|
||
2 |
CKperrepLI I1pHI.\CI1HbiC C BMCCTHMOCTLIO KOBIIra: |
|
|
|
||
|
-):106M3 |
|
|
100 ... |
350 |
|
|
-8M3 |
|
|
150 ... |
550 |
|
|
-10M3 |
|
|
300 ... |
800 |
|
|
-15M3 |
|
|
500 ... |
1500 |
|
3 |
CKperrepbl CaMOXO)J;HLie C BMCCTHMOCTLIO KOBllia: |
|
|
|
||
|
- AO 8M3 |
|
|
300 ... |
1500 |
|
|
-9-10M3 |
|
|
400 ... |
2500 |
|
|
-15M3 |
|
|
AO 3000 |
|
|
|
-25M3 |
|
|
AO 5000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ta6nnl{a |
TI2.3 |
OpueuTupoaoquoe KOJIH'ICCTBO cKpenepoa, o6cJrymuaaeMhiX OIJ:HHM TpaKTopoM-TOJIKII'IOM
N£ |
)J;anLHOCTL rrepeMeme- |
CKperrep rrpnl.(errnoii c KOBlliOM |
CKperrep caMOXOAHLrii c KoarnoM |
|||
rr/n |
HH5! |
BMCCTHMOCTLJO: |
BMeCTHMOCTb!O: |
|
||
|
rpytiTa, M |
AO 6 Mj |
6 ... 10 M |
8 ... 10 M> |
15 |
M. |
1 |
AO 100 |
2 |
2 |
- |
|
- |
2 |
100 ... 300 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|
2 |
3 |
300 ... 500 |
4 |
4-5 |
4 |
|
2 |
4 |
500 ... 1000 |
- |
- |
6 |
|
3 |
5 |
1000 ... 2000 |
- |
- |
11 |
|
6 |
6 . - |
2000 ... 3000 |
- |
- |
16 |
|
9 |
26 |
27 |
|
I
I
I
I
,,,.,,
IlPHJJO}[{EHJ1E 3
OliPA3EQ BblllOJIHEHHH H 0$0PMJIEHHH
PACqETHO-rPA<DifqECKOM PAEOThl
MHHHCTEPCTBO OEPA30BAHHJl H HAYKH POCCHHCKOM <DE1J:EPAIJJ1JI
MOCKOBCKIIM rOCY,l.I:APCTBEHHhiH CTPOMTEJihHhiH YUMBEPCHTET
HHCTHTYT CTPOHTEJihCTBA H APXHTEKTYPhi
KA<DEJIPA TEXHOJJOri1H CTPOHTEJihHOrO ITPOH3BO,l.ICTBA
PACqETHO-rPA<DIIqECKAHPAliOTA
TIO TeMe "BepTHKaJJbHaH IIJJaHHpOBKa CTpOHTeJihliOH IIJIOIU,a)J,KH"
BLmonmm: |
CTy):(eHT |
(¢Jf.0., qJaK)'JihTeT, Kypc, q)YiUia)___
ITposepnn:
(,!:LOJDKHOClb 11 (fl.J1.0. npenO}lUBaTC~---
MOCKBA-2010r.
|
|
OrJIABJJEHHE |
|
|
CTp. |
3a)J,aHHe ............................................................................................. |
. |
|
1. |
ITocTpoemre JIHHIU1 HYJieBhiX pa6oT .......................................................... |
|
2. |
PacqeThi o61,eMOB rrepepa6oTKH rpyHTa .................................................. . |
|
3. |
Pacnpe!J,c:reHne 3eMJ151HhiX Mace .............................................................. |
|
4. |
Pac'1eTcpc!J,neii !J,aJihHOCTn rrepervrell(eHIUI rpyriTa n Bh!6op cTpmneJihHhiX |
|
rvrarmm !J,JI5! ::noro rrepervrell(eHI15! ................................................................. . |
||
5. |
Orrpe!J,enerme coCTasa II o6beMoB nnannposo<IHLIX pa6oT, Bhr6op Texnononm |
|
|
HX BhiiiOJIHeHHl! ....... |
, ................................ , ...................................... .. |
6. |
KaJibKYJilll!Hll TPYL\03aTpaT, 3aTpaT rvraumnnoro BpervreHH n cTonrvrocTn pa6oT ..... . |
|
7. |
Kanen)J,apnoe rrnannposanne II pac<reT TeXHIIK0-3KOHOMH'1eCKIIX |
|
|
IIOKa3aTeJiel! lljJOI13BO)J,CTBa IIJiaHHpOB0'1HbiXpa60T .................................... . |
|
EII6nnorpaqmqecrmrr cniicoK ................................................................... ..
29
28
'!I
!I,,
3A,Ll,AHIIE: Pa3pa60TaTb TexHononno BbiiiOJIHemrn sepniKaJibHOH nnaHH-
ipoBKH CTPOHTeJibHOH UJIOIU:a,D;KH pa3MepOM 500x300 M, 3a,n:aHHOH B BH,D;e CTPOHTeJibHOH ceTKH c KBa,n:paTaMH 1OOx 100 M H pa6o'IHMHOTMeTKaMH B sep- IIIHHax KBa,n:paTOB, UOKa3aHHbiMH Ha pHC. 1. 11peo6na,n:aiOIIIHH rpyHT Ha IIJIO- In:a,D;Ke - necoK.
·(H< |
·0 3 |
·0 2-1 |
012 |
0-1 |
(),(\ |
|
02 |
-lo-1 |
Io.3 |
lo.5 |
[0.4 |
lo.2 |
~ |
I |
|
|
|
|
I |
|
o< |
·10.3 |
1·0.2 |
Io.z |
Io.s |
103 |
1 |
-o.-1! |
-o.6 |
-o.2 |
n 1 |
o 2 |
o |
|
'\()()
Puc. 1 IlrraH crpoureJihHOii: IIJIO!l\a,[IKH
1. IIOCTPOEHHE JIMIUIH HYJIEBhiX PAiiOT
JIHHHH HyJieBLIX paooT Haxo,n:IITCH rryTeM rrocJie,n:osaTeJII.Horo coe,n:IIHe-
HII5l Hp5IMbiMII TO'ICKHYJICBhiX paOOT, KOTOpbie pacnorraraiOTC5l Ha KaiK,D;OH
CTOpOHe KBa,n:paTa (rrpHMOyrOJibHIIKa) CTpOIITeJibHOH CeTKII MeiK,n:y ero Bepmii-
HaMII, IIMeiOIIJ;HMH pa60'!IIeOTMeTKII UpOTHBOUOJIOiKHbiX 3HaKOB. ilOJIOiKeHIIe
TO'!eKHyrreBbiX pa60T OI1pe,n:eJI5leTCH rpatPII'IeCKII.,Lf,JI5l :noro Bbi'Iep'IIIBaeM
JII060M Macuna6e ITJiaH-CXeMy CTPOIITeJibHOH UJIOIIJ;a,D;KII, Ha BepiiiiiHbi KBa,D;-
paTOB (np5IMOYfOJibHIIKOB) HaHOCIIM pa60TJHe OTMeTKII, UOCJie qero OTMeqaeM
KBa,n:paTbl H IIX CTOpOHbi, B KOTOpbiX pa60TJIIe OTMeTKII BepiiiiiH IIMeiOT npOTII-
BOUOJIO)I(Hble 3HaKII. 3aTeM B sepiiiiiHaX 3THX KBa,n:paTOB (npHMOYfOJibHIIKOB)
nepneH,D;IIKYJIHpHO CTOpOHaM, Ha KOTOpblX orrpe,n:eJIHIOTCH TO'IKIIHyJieBbiX pa-
30
6oT, OTKJia,IJ;biBaeM 0Tpe3KH IIp5IMOH, paBHbie (B mo60M MaCIIITa6e) pa60'IHM
OTMeTKaM, H KOHIJ;bl 0Tpe3KOB COe,D;HH5leM np5IMOH JIHHHeH, nepeceKaiOIIJ;eH cTOpoHy KBa,n:paTa (npHMoyroJibHliKa). l1onyqeHHa5l TO'IKanepece'IeHH5lH 5IBJI5leTC5l TO'IKOH HyJieBbiX pa6oT, a paCCT05IHHe OT 3TOH TO'IKH,D;O JII060H H3 BepiiiHH KBa,n:paTa (np5IMOyrOJibHIIKa) HaXO,D;IIM rpatPII'IeCKII(rryTeM II3MepeHII5l
JIIIHeHKOH |
C |
yqeTOM rrpiiH5ITOfO |
MaCIIITa6a) IIJIII aHaJIIITII'IeCKH, II3 IIO,D;06II5l |
TpeyrOJibHIIKOB: |
|
||
|
|
hn I |
hn = X8 I (a- Xn); |
OTKy,n:a |
|
Xn = a • hn I (hn + hu)• |
|
|
|
||
AHaJioni'IHO |
|
||
|
|
Xu = a • hu I (hn + hn), |
|
r,n:e X 8 II |
Xu |
- paCCT05IHIIe ,D;O TO'IKIIHyJieBbiX pa6oT COOTBeTCTBeHHO CO CTO- |
|
pOHbl BbieMKII II CO CTOpOHbl HaCbiiiii, M;
hn II h .. - pa60'IIIeOTMeTKH B BepiiiiiHaX KBa,n:paTa (npHMOYfOJibHIIKa)
COOTBeTCTBeHHO CO CTOpOHbi BbieMKH II CO CTOpOHbi HaCbifiH, M;
a- pa3Mep CTOpOHbl KBa,n:paTa (rrpHMoyroJibHHKa) CTPOHTeJibHOH CeTKH, M.
11oJiy'IeHHa5lJIIIHII5l HyJieBbiX pa60T Ha 3a,D;aHHOH CTpOHTeJibHOH IIJIOIIJ;a,n:-
Ke npiiBe,n:eHa Ha piic. 2.
·!l-~~ -0 3 O.t (16
o:: |
.,{),-1 |
|
|
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
|
,- |
|
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|
@~ |
|
""· |
~~ |
|
|
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|
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~ |
|
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C• |
|
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1 r··;J |
0 |
,/ |
u.L |
o.5 |
10.3 |
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
.o:;r-~-~-. 0.6 |
-0.2 |
r ,, 1 |
6 -, |
o.z |
|
|
|
Puc. 2 ITocrpoeHue JIUHUU HyJieBbiX pa6or
31
I :1
I
::1
:I,,
l'i
'I
ii
II
1i,1 1
I' ,,'I
I ill
il'll
1:
II
1:
,li
II
Ill
2. PACqETbl OIJbEMOB llEPEPAJiOTKH rPYHTA
06'heMhinepepa6oTKH rpyrrTa B BhiCMKax 1: V DB H rrachm51x 1: VDu npu
BCpTIIKaJibHOH nrraHIIpOBKC HaXO,[J,HM KaK CYMMY npOII3BC,[J,CHIIH ITJIOT.Ua,[J,II Ka-
)I(,[J,OH II3 cpuryp CTpOIITCJibHOH CCTKH |
F1 Ha CpC)lHIOIO |
pa6ol:JyiO |
OTMCTKY B |
3TOH cpurype hcp.1, T.e. |
|
3 |
|
1: V rrB (1:, Vnu) = 1:V; = 1:(F; · hcp.;), M |
|
||
, |
|
||
I',[J,C Vi - reoMeTpH'ICCKHHo6'beMnepepa6on<II rpyHTa B Ka)I(,[J,OH |
113 q)IIryp |
||
crpOIITCJibHOH CCTKII. |
|
|
|
Cpe,!J,H515I pa6ol:JaH OTMCTKa hcp.i B |
Ka)I(,[J,OH cpurype .HaXO,[J,IIM K3K cpe,[],Hee |
||
apiicpMCTWICCKOC 3HaL£CI-!IIC pa60L£IIX OTMCTOK BCCX BCpUlliH :HOM cpiirypbi, T.e.
hcp.i = (ht + hz + ... + hn) I n , M,
I',[J,Ch 1, h 2 , ••• , hn - pa60l:JIIC OTMCTKII BepiiiHI-I Ka)l()lOH H3 cj:mryp CTpOIITCJibi-IOH CCTKH, M;
ll - o6ru:ee KO.TIWICCTBO BCpiiiiii-I B 3TOH cpurype.
PacL£eThi o61:.eMoB nepepa6oTKII rpyrrTa npoBO,!J,HM B Ta6JIII1:JI-IOH cpopMe.
Ta6rriiQa1
PacqeT oiibeMOB nepepaiioTKH rpyHTa npn BCpTHKam,nou mmHnpoBKe
I1JIAHl1POBOtiHA5I BhlEMKA |
I1JIAHI1POBOLIHA5I HAChlllh |
|
|
|||||||
N2 |
11""'t, |
hcp.L, |
v., |
N2 |
Ft, |
hcp.L, |
Vt, |
IloTpC6HOCTh B |
||
qmryp.r:.I __ f--c |
M |
|
qmryphi |
M2 |
M |
--- !J2YHTe, |
3 |
|||
MJ |
V,-p.i. M |
|||||||||
|
M2 |
|
|
|
MJ |
|
|
|
||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
|
9 |
|
1 |
10000 |
0,338 |
3380 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
|
2a |
8796 |
0,188 |
1654 |
26 |
1204 |
0,1 |
120 |
|
115 |
|
3a |
1474 |
0,08 |
118 |
36 |
8526 |
~:~~~ -- ~~~~ |
|
1506 |
|
|
___::___ |
- |
- |
- |
4 |
10000 |
|
3408 |
|
||
- |
- |
- |
- |
5 |
10000 |
0,4 |
4000_ |
|
3840 |
|
__ 6 |
10000 |
0,35 |
3500 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
|
7a |
8710 |
0,1_8 |
1568 |
76 |
1290 |
0,1 |
129 |
|
124 |
---= |
Sa |
1000 |
0,067 |
67 |
~- |
9000 |
0,2 |
1800 |
|
1728 |
|
- |
- -- |
- |
|
9 |
10000 |
0,4 |
4000 |
|
3840 |
|
----- |
|
- |
- |
10 |
10000 |
0,35 |
3500 |
|
3360 |
|
. 11 |
10000 |
0,45 |
4500 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
12 |
10000 |
0,325 |
3250 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
|
13a |
|
0,()1 |
83 |
136 |
1675 |
0,067 |
112 |
|
108 |
|
----- |
~~ 0,034 |
18 |
146 |
9455 |
0,18 |
1702 |
|
1634 |
||
14a |
|
|||||||||
- |
- |
- |
- |
15 |
10000 |
0,35 |
3500 |
|
3360 |
|
|
|
1:Vn.= |
18138 |
1:F"-" = |
81150 |
|
|
:EVUH= 23023 |
||
32
I1oTpe6rrocTh B rpyrrTe ,[J,JUI yCTpoiicTBa rmarruposoqrroii rracbiiiH B KmK,!J,OH
II3 cpuryp Vrp.i orrpe,[J,eiDieM YMHO)I(CHIIeM reoMeTprrqecKoro o61:.eMa aachmrr
Vi Ha K03cpcpHQHCHT OCTaTOl:JHOI'Opa3pbiXJICHHH, T.e.:
3
Vrp.i = Vi • Ko.p, M ,
r,!J,e Ko.p= 100/(100 + llo.p)- K03cpcprru:rreHT ocTaTOl:JHoro pa3phrxrreHH51 rpyHTa;
fio.p- IIOKa3aTCJib OCTaTO'IHOI'Opa3pbiXJICHII51 rpyHTa, %.
Corrracno EHuP E2-1 ,!J,JI51 necKa Ilo.p = 2 ... 5%. ITprrrrrrMaeM llo.p= 4%. Tor,[J,a
Ko.p= 0,96.
3. PACllPE,IJ:EJIEHHE 3EMJIHHhiX MACC
I13 aHaJIH3a rronyqeHHhiX B Ta6n. 1 ,[J,aHHhiX BII,!J,HO, 'ITO1:Vrrn < l:.Vnu, T.e.
KOJIIIl:JCCTBO pa3pa6oTai-IHOI'OB ITJiai-IIIpOBOl:JHOH BhiCMKC rpyi-ITa 1-IC,[J,OCTaTOl:JI-IO
,[J,J151 |
ycTpOHCTBa IIJiai-IHpOBOl:JHOH HaCbillll II 3TOT HC,[J,OCTaTOK, paBHhiH pa3Ho'- |
CTH |
1:VDB - 1:Von ' Heo6xo,!J,MMO KOMIICI-ICIIpOBaTh npiiB03KOH ,[J,OIIOJIHIITCllb- |
1-IOI'OrpynTa. |
|
06'bCMnpiiB03HMOI'O,[J,OIIOJIHIITCJibHOI'OrpyHTa Vnep.rp. OIIpC,[J,CJ1HCM C yqe-
TOM K03cpcpllQllCHTa IICpBOHal:JaJihHOI'Opa3pbiXJICHllH, T.e.:
V nep.rp = (I:VnB - |
1:Vuu) • Kn.p = (23023 - |
3 |
18138) • 1,12 = 5471 M , |
||
r,!J,e Kn.p = (100 + llu.p)/100 = (100 + 12) /100 = |
1,12- K03cpcpuu:rreHT nepsona- |
|
l:JaJihHoro pa3pb1XJICHII5I |
rpyHTa; |
|
fiu.p - IIOKa3aTCJTb |
nepBOHal:JaJibHOI'O YBCJIH1:JCHH51 06'heMa rpynTa IIOCJIC |
|
pa3pa6oTKn, rrpni-!51ThiH paBHhiM 12% (corrracrro EHuP E2-1 (nprrn. 1) ,!J,IDI
necKa, llu.p = 10 ... 15%).
Bo H36e)l(a.Hue ,!J,OITOJIHHTCJihHhiX Tpy,!J,o3arpaT yKJia,!J,KY rrpnBo3noro rpyu-
Ta C Yl:JCTOM ero 06'beMaB ynJIOTHCHHOM COCTOHHHH (1:Vrrn |
- |
1:Vnu = 4885 M 3) |
|
npe,[J,yCMaTpHBaeM B 5-M KBa,[],paTe |
3 |
) |
II IIpiiMepHO B Y:J |
ITOJ1HOCTl>IO (3840 M |
|||
3 |
CrpOHTCJil>HOH CCTKII, KaK Haii6onee y,!J,a- |
||
ITJIOIQa,[J,H 10-ro I<Ba,[J,paTa (1045 M ) |
|||
JICHHhiX OTHOCIITCJil>HO JIHHIIH HYJICBl>IX pa6oT. llpu 3TOM |
HMCCM B BH,!J,y, l:JTO |
||
CTpOIITCJII>Ha5! IIJIOIQa,[J,Ka COrJiaCHO piiC.2 BKJIIOl:JaCT B ce6H O,!J,HY ITJiaHIIpOBOl:J- HYIO BhiCMKy II O,!J,HY IIJiaHIIpOBOl:JHYIO naCI>Illl>.
0 IIpiiB03Ka He,n:ocTmornero rpyn'ra CB513ana c ,n:ononHHTCJihHhiMII TpaHcrropTHLIMII paCXO,LiaMII. 'lTo6bi II36e:li\:aTh IIX, HC06XO!J:IIMO o6ecne1:JIITh nyneBOH 6anaHC 3CMJ151HLIX MaCe, a 3TO B03MO){<HO IIpH YMCHhiiiCHIIII 3a,[J,aHHOH IIJlaHIIpOB01:JHOH OTMCTKII CTpOIITCJJhHOH IIJIO!l\a):\KII I-Ia BCJJII1:JIIHY ~h, OIIpe,n:eJI51CMYIO IIO 4JopMyne:
~h =I (l:Vnu -l:Vnu) IF • Ko.p.l =I (18138- 23023) I 500 • 300 · 0,96 = -0,034 M,
1
r,n:e F = 500 · 300 M - IIOJIHaH IIJIO!l\a):\b ITJiaHIIpyeMOH IIJIOilJ,a.IJ:KII.
33
i I
I,'
I ,I
I:
ITepeMCill,CHH51 rpyHTa, KOTOpyiO OITpe,neJI5ICM ITO MCTO.UY CTaTHqecKHX MOMCH
TOB. ,[l,II5I 3TOrO CTOpOHhl TIJiai-IHpyeMOH TIJIOirra,UKH IIpHHHMaeM 3a OCH a6crrHCC
H op,nrJHaT ITp5IMOyroJihHOH CHCTCMhl KOOp,UIIHaT. 3aTCM OTHOCHTCJibHO 3TOH
CHCTCMhl KOOp,UHHaT HaXO,UHM KOOp,UHHaThl Xi H Y 1 reOMCTpHqecKHX UCHYpOB
qmryp BhiCMKH H liaCLITIH B Ka)J{,UOM KBa,UpaTe CTpOHTCJihHOH CCTKH (pHC. 3).
CTaTHqCCKHC MOMCHThl o6neMOB rpyHTOBhiX Mace OTHOCHTCJihHO TOll Hill!
HI-IOH OCH TIOJiyqaeM nyTeM YMHO)J{CHH51 06bCMOB nepepa60TKH rpyHTa B Ka)J{-
,UOM 113 qmryp KBa,npaTa (3HaqeHII51 V1 11 Vrp.i) Ha COOTBCTCTBYIOIIIHC KOOp- ,UHHaThl Xi H Y, (3a HCKJIIWICHHCM KBa,UpaTa 5 H ~ KBa,npaTa 10, B KOTOpbiC
6y,neT yKna.nnmaThC51 ITp11B03Holi rpyHT). 3aTeM Haxo,nHM cyMMapHhre cTaTnqe-
CKI1e MOMCHThl I:(V; • X,) H I:(V1 • Yi) II cyMMapHhlll o6neM rpyHTOBhiX Mace I:(V, ) oT,neJihHO ,UJI51 BhiCMKII H ,UJI51 nachmH. Bee 3TH pacqeThi BhiTIOJIH5ICM B
Ta6nHqnoli <j)opMe c oKpyrrrenHeM ITonyqennnrx 3naqemrli .no IICJioro qHcna (Ta6n. 2).
Koop,nrmaThi rrpHBC):\CHHhiX reoMeTpHqeCKHX uei-npoB BhiCMKII (Xuu H Y 118)
H HaChllll1 (Xnu II Y nu) paCCLfliTbiBaCM KaK "!aCTHhiC OT ,UCJICHH5! cyMMbi COOT-
BCTCTBYK1IIIHX CTaTI1qCCKHX MOMCHTOB Ha CYMMapHbiC 06bCMhl rpyHTa B Bhl-
CMKC H HaCblllll, T.e.
Xno = I:(Vi. xi )ul I:(V,)B = 1595084118138 = 88 M;
Yno= :E(Vi•Yt)8 1I:(V;)o=2438477 I 18138= 134M;
XnH = :E(Vi • X; )HI :E(Vi)n = 6534864 I 18138 =360M;
Ynu= I:(V; • Yt)11 1 :E(V;)11 = 2718880 I 18138 =150M.
Cpe,nniOIO ,naJihHOCTh rrepeMCIIICHl15! rpyHTa I-I3 mraHHposoqHoli BhiCMKI-I B
ITJiaHrrposoqHyiO Hachmh naxo,n11M ( c oKpymeHI1CM .no IJ,enoro q11cna) ITO <j)op- Myne
LBH = ~ [(Xnu- Xnn ) 2 +(YnB- Ynu )2] = |
~ [(88- 360 i |
2 |
+(134- 150 ) ] = |
||
=~73728=271,5 M |
L88 = 271,5 M |
|
IlpH ,UaJihHOCTH ITepeMeiiiCHH51 rpyHTa |
cornacHo peKoMeH- |
,naUI-IHM, npi-IBC,UCHHhiM B rrpHII. 1, ,UJI51 BhiiTOJIHCHH5! BCpTIIKaJihHOH ITJiaHHpOB-
Kll CYpOIITCJihHOH IIJIOIIIa,UKII IIpiiHHMaCM CKpenep npHU,eUHOH C KOBIDOM
3 BMeCTHMOCThiO 6M •
Ta6rrnl(a 2
PacqeT cpenHeH: naJILHOCTH rrepeMem:eHHH rpynTa H3 nJianupoBo•moH: BLICMKH B HJiaHHpOBOqHyiO HaCLJITL
|
IIJIAHI1POB04HA5! BhiEMKA |
|
ITJIAHI1POBOI.IHAJI |
HAC1ll11 |
||||||||
N2 |
V;, |
Xt, |
Y;, |
Vt•Xi |
Vt•Y; |
.N2 |
Vrp.l, |
Xt, |
Yt, |
V;•Xt |
Vt•Yt |
|
KB. |
M3 |
M |
M |
|
|
KB. |
M3 |
M |
|
M |
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
|
10 |
11 |
12 |
1 |
3380 |
50 |
250 |
169000 |
845000 |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
- |
- |
2a |
1654 |
146 |
253 |
241484 |
418462 |
26 |
115 |
188 |
|
218 |
21620 |
25070 |
3a |
118 |
224 |
281 |
26432 |
33158 |
36 |
1506 |
260 |
|
244 |
391560 |
367464 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
4 |
3408 |
350 |
|
250 |
I 192800 |
852000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
3500 |
50 |
150 |
175000 |
525000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7a |
1568 |
147 |
139 |
230496 |
217952 |
76 |
124 |
189 |
|
175 |
23436 |
21700 |
Sa |
67 |
215 |
114 |
14405 |
7638 |
86 |
1728 |
255 |
|
151 |
440640 |
260928 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
3840 |
350 |
|
150 |
1344000 |
576000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
2315 |
434 |
|
150 |
1004710 |
347250 |
II |
4500 |
50 |
50 |
225000 |
225000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12 |
3250 |
150 |
50 |
487500 ___;=.:16:_:_2_:_50.:_0:______ |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
13a |
83 |
243 |
43 |
20169 |
3569 136::-----:1-::-08::-----::2-c-83 |
|
83 |
30564 |
8964 |
|||
14a |
18 |
311 |
11 |
5598 |
198 |
146 |
1634 |
351 |
|
56 |
573534 |
91504 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·------------ |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
3360 |
450 |
|
50 |
1512000 |
168000 |
lhoro: 18138 |
|
|
1595084 |
2438477 |
|
18138 |
|
|
6534864 |
2718880 |
||
PHc. 3. Onpe.fleJICHHC KOO]Ji<HHaT reoMeTpnqecKHX l\CHTpoB qmryp IJB H IJH H cpc;~Heil
.flaJII,HOCTH rrepeMemermn rpynTa
34 |
35 |
ill!
,I
:'IIi
'"I
illi
I
I,
5. OITPE,l],EJIEHHE COCTABA II Oli'bEMOB llJIAHHPOBOqHhiX PAIJOT, BhlliOP TEXHOJIOriiii HX BhlllOJIHEHHH
B cooTBeTCTBIIH c Tpe6oBaHII5IMII CHIII1 II BhmOnHeHHblX pacqeToB B co-
CTaB IIJiaHIIpOBOqHbTX pa6oT BKJIIOqeHbi CJie,IJ,yiOill,He CTpOnTeJibHble rrpOI!eCCbi:
cpe3Ka paCTIITeJibHOrO CJI05I;
-pa3pa6oTKa rpyHTa B rrrraHHpoBoqnoii BhieMKe II ero nepeMeiiieHIIe B
nrraHIIpoBoqHyro HaChiiih Ha paccTOJ!HIIe, paBHOe L 811 ;
- rrpneMKa rpyHTa II3 aBTOCaMOCBaJIOB II ero pa3paBHIIBaiUie 6yJih,II,03epoM
BKBa,IJ,paTax 5 11 10.
-ynrroTHeime rpynTa B rrrraHHpoBoqHoH: HaCbiiiii.
5.1.Cpe3Ka pacTHTeJlhHoro cnon rpynTa. B cooTBeTCTBIIH c 3Korromqe-
CKHMII rpe6oBaHII51MI1 BepxHIIH paCTIITeJibHhiH CJIOH rpyHTa, OTHOC51ll1IIHC51 K
IIJIO,I!,OpO,II,HOMY CJIOIO noqBbi, ITO,IJ,Jie)KIIT cpe3Ke II nepeMemeHIIIO B CIIei!IIaJib- HO Bbi,IJ,eJieHHhie MeCTa, r,IJ,e OHII CKJia,IJ,IIpyiOTC51 II xpaH51TC5I )J,J151 IIOCJie,IJ,yiOIIIe- ro IICIIOJib30BaHII51 rrpii 6rraroycrpOHCTBe TeppiiTOpiiii ITO OKOIJqaHIIII CYpOII- TeJihCTBa. I1HOr,IJ,a ero OTB035IT Ha ,Il,pyriie ITJIOIIIa,IJ,Kil ,IJ,JI}l BbiiiOJIHeHII51 03eJieHIITeJibHbiX pa60T. Ho BO BCeX cnyqa}IX pa60Tbl C ITJIO,II,OpO,li,HbiM paCTHTeJibHbiM CJIOeM He06XO,II,IIMO rrpe,IJ,OXpamiTh ero OT CMeiiiiiBaHII5I C HII)KeJie)K3ll1IIM
Herrno,IJ,opo,Il,HhiM crroeM, OT 3arp513HeHII51, pa3MbiBa II BbiBeTpiiBaHII5I. Torr-
ll1IIHa pacniTerrnnoro crro5I orrpe,IJ,err51eTc51 rrpii rii,IJ,poreorroriiqccKIIX IIccrre,IJ,o- BaHII5IX TeppiiTOpiiii CTpOIITeJibHOH IIJIOIIIa,IJ,KII. KaK rrpaBIIJIO, OHa COCTaBJIJ!eT He 6orree 15 CM rrpii OTCYTCTBIIII KOpHeH KYCTapHIIKOB II He 6orree 25 CM npii IIX HaJIIIqiiii.
Cpe3KY pacTIITenhHoro crro51 rpyHTa rrpoii3BO,IJ,IIM 6ynh,IJ,03epaMII Ha 6a3e rpaKTopa T-100 3a O,IJ,IIH-,IJ,Ba npoxo,IJ,a no O,IJ,HOMY crre,IJ,y rrpii OTCYTCTBIIII Kop- HeH KYCTapHIIKOB II 3a ,IJ,Ba-rpii npoxo,IJ,a- npii IIX HaJIIIqiiii. llpii 3TOM II3Mepii-
TeneM o6netviOB pa6oT corrracHo EHIIP (§E2-l-5) rrpiiH5ITa nrroiiia,IJ,b oqii-
meHHOH rroBepxHOCTH. B pacqeTnoii pa6oTe oHa onpe,IJ,e.rreHa KaK rrrroma,IJ,h
3a,IJ,aHHOH CYpOIITeJibHOH IIJIOill,a,IJ,Kll, paBHM 300x500 = 150 000 M 2.
5.2. Pa3pa60TKY H nepeMe~eHHe rpynTa H3 ITB B ITH rrpoii3BO,IJ,IlM
IIpHI!eiiHbiM CKpenepoM C KOBIIIOM BMeCTilMOCTbiO 6 M 3, Bbi6paHHbiM B pa3,IJ,e-
rre 3 B 3aBIICIIMOCTII OT cpe,IJ,HeH ,IJ,aJibHOCTII rrepeMelll,eHII5I rpyHTa. 06neM pa- 6oT COrJiaCHO ,IJ,aHHbiM Ta6rr.2 COCTaBJI5IeT 18138 M 3.
5.3. llpHeMKa H pa3paBHHBaHHe npHBe3ennoro rpynTa B ITH Jl:oc-
TaBneHHhiH B 3BTOC3MOCBaJiaX IIpllB03HOH rpYHT Bblrpy)l{aeM Herrocpe,Il,CTBeH- HO B KBa,IJ,paTbi 5 n 10 II pa3paBHIIBaeM 6yrrn,IJ,03epoM J1:3-53. 06neM pa6oT co- rrraCHO BbiiiOJIHeHHblM Bbiiiie pacqeTaM COCTaBJIJ!eT 547) M3 rpyHTa, a cpe,II,H5151
TOJIIll,IIHa OTChmaeMoro CJI051 paBHa boTe= 5471 I (10000 + ¥! • 10000) = 0,41 M.
5.4. YnnoTHeHHe rpynTa B ITH rrpe,IJ,ycMoTpeHo caMoxo,IJ,HhiMH KaTKa-
MH )J,Y-31A (.LJ.-627A) qeTbipbM5I rrpoxo,IJ,aMII no O,IJ,HOMY crre,IJ,y. 06neM pa6oT
COCTaBJI5IeT 81150 M 2 |
ynJIOTHeHHOH |
110BepXHOCTH (rpa<!Ja 6 Ta6JI. 1), a |
cpe,Il,H5!5I ,IJ,JIMHa rona |
t.-ona = 81150 I |
300 = 270,5 M. Bee pe3ymTaTbl npiiH5I- |
ThiX pemeHHH 110 TeXHOJIOrllll npmi3BO)J,CTBa ITJiaiiHpOBOqHbiX pa6oT II BbiiTOJI- HeHHhiX pacqeTOB 06beMOB pa60T CBO,II,IIM B Ta6JI. 3.
|
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|
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|
|
Ta6IIHL\a 3 |
|
|
|
B -~- |
|
6 |
-- |
|
6 ~· |
|
NQ |
HaiiMeHosaHIIe TeXHOJIOriPICCKIIX |
|
EJIIIH!II~a |
Konll'leCTBo llpiiMCLiaHJfJ! |
|||||
rr/n |
rrpoqeCCOB (ITO ITOCJJC,[IOBaTeJJbHOCTII |
ll3MepeHHJ! |
|
|
|||||
|
|
!IX |
Bbll10JIHCHHJ!) |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
4 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
3 |
5 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
--1--y---------,;-- |
- |
|
|||
|
THTCJJhHoro |
cnoJI |
GyJJLJIO- |
M QL!llli\CHHOH |
|
|
|||
|
|
3e TpaKTopa T-1 00 |
|
|
ITOBepXHOCTII |
150000 |
CM. fl. 4.1 |
||
|
|
a5! |
IIJiaHHpOBKa |
crpo11- |
|
|
|
||
|
TCJJLHOH f!IIO!Il,a,[IKH: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
- pa3pa6onm II rrepeMelll,eHHe rpyHTa |
|
|
|
|||||
|
113 [fB B f1I-J rrpm~CITHh!M CKperre]JOM |
C |
|
|
|
||||
|
KOBIIIOM |
BMCCTHMOCTJ,JO 6 |
MJ npn |
|
|
|
|||
|
cpe)(HCH |
)l,aJfbHOCTH |
rrepeMC!IJ,CHHJI |
M 3 rpyHTa |
|
|
|||
|
271,5 M |
|
|
|
|
|
18138 |
CM. II. 4.2 |
|
|
- npneMKa npnse3eHHoro rpynTa B ITH |
|
|
|
|||||
|
II ero pa3paBHHBanne TOJI!Il,HHOH CJIOJ! |
3 |
|
|
|||||
|
0, 4J M 6ynLJ103CpOM |
|
|
|
5471 |
CM. IT. 4.3 |
|||
|
|
|
|
M rpyHTa |
|||||
|
- ymJOTHemw rpyHTa B TTH npnrrerr- |
M 2 ymroTHemroif |
|
|
|||||
|
Hb!M K3TKOM npH ,[IJIHHC rOifa 270,5 M |
|
81150 |
CM. II. 4.4 |
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nosepxHoCTII |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
~-------~ |
|
6. |
KAJihKYJIHQIDI TPY,ll,03ATPAT, 3ATPAT MAilli:IHHOrO |
||||||||
|
|
|
BPEMEHH H CTOJIMOCTH PAJiOT |
|
|||||
Be,IJ,OMOCTb 06bCMOB pa60T 51BJ15IeTC5I OCHOBHbiM HCXO)J,HbiM |
MaTepnaJIOM |
||||||||
,II,J151 BbiiiOJIHeHIIH pacqeTOB He06XO)J,IlMbiX 3aTpaT MaiiiHHHOrO BpeMeHII, Tpy-
,II,OBbJX 3aTpaT II IIX CTOilMOCTII IIpll BblllOJIHeHIIII JII06biX CTpOilTCJibHbiX pa60T,
B TOM qucrre II BepTIIKanhHOH rrnaHnpoBKII cTpOIITeJihHOH rrrrmll,a,IJ,KII. Corrrac-
HO IIpiiHJITbiM cpopMyJIIIpOBKaM TCXHOJIOriiqeCKIIX npOI!eCCOB (B rpacpe 2 Ta6n.
3) B cooTBeTCTBymmnx pa3,IJ,errax EHIIP E2-l Haxo,IJ,HM noKa3aTerrii Il3Mepii- Terrei1 3TllX rrpoi!eCCOB, HOpMbl 3aTpaT MaiiJHHHOrO BpeMeHII, HOpMbl 3aTpaT
pa6oLJero BpeMeHn, cocTaB pa6oqero 3BeHa n paci!eHKH Ha nx BhiiiOJIHeHne, na
OCHOB3Hlll1 KOTOpblX II COCTaBJI5IeM KaJibKYJI51I!HIO |
(Ta6n.4). IJpn 3TOM cornac- |
|||
HO EHnP: |
|
|
|
|
- necoK no TPY,IJ,HocTn ero pa1pa6oTKII 6yrrn,IJ,o3epaMn |
II cKpenepaMn oT- |
|||
Hecen Ko 2-oil rpyrrne; |
|
|
3 |
|
- ,II,J15I npnu,enm.IX CKpenepoB C KOBIIIOM BMeCTilMOCTbiO |
6 |
|||
M HOpMbl Tpy- |
||||
,II,03arpaT II 33TpaT MaiiiiiHHOrO BpeMeHII (H8 p) |
II paCI!eHKH |
(P) C yqeTOM |
||
)J,aJihHOCTH nepeMerr~eHnn rpyHTa Lcp = 271,5 M cocTaBJIHIOT:
37
36