- •1. Phimosis
- •1.1 Background
- •1.2 Diagnosis
- •1.3 Treatment
- •1.4 References
- •2.2 Diagnosis
- •2.3 Treatment
- •V Therapy
- •3.3 Treatment
- •3.3.1 Complications
- •Tube-onlay
- •15. Duckett jw.
- •4.2 Classification
- •4.2.1 Enuresis
- •4.2.2 Urinary incontinence
- •4.3 Diagnosis
- •4.4 Treatment
- •4.4.1 Nocturnal enuresis (mono-symptomatic)
- •4.4.2 Diurnal enuresis (in children with attention disorders)
- •4.4.3 Urinary incontinence
- •4.4 References
- •14. Madersbacher h, Schultz-Lampel d.
- •5.2.2 Voiding cystourethrography (vcug)
- •5.2.3 Diuresis renography
- •5.2.4 Static renal scintigraphy
- •5.2.5 Intravenous urogram (ivu)
- •5.2.6 Whitaker's test
- •5.3 Treatment
- •5.3.2 Megaureter
- •5.3.3 Ureterocele
- •5.3.4 Retrocaval ureter
- •5.3.5 Bilateral hydronephrosis
- •5.4 References
- •6.3 Treatment
- •6.3.1 Asymptomatic bacteriuria
- •6.3.2 Acute uti without pyelonephritis
- •6.3.3 Pyelonephritis
- •6.3.4 Complicated uti
- •6.3.5 Antibiotic prophylaxis
- •6.4 References
- •7.7.1 Secondary reflux
- •7.2 Classification
- •7.3 Diagnosis
- •7.3.1 Secondary reflux
- •7.4 Treatment
- •7.4.1 Conservative therapy
- •7.4.2 Surgical therapy
- •7.4.3 Endoscopic therapy
- •7.4.4 Open surgery
- •7.4.5 Follow-up
- •7.5 References
- •32. McGladdery sl, Aparicio s, Verrier Jones k, Roberts r, Sacks sh.
- •8.2 Diagnosis
- •8.3 Treatment
- •8.3.1 Conservative treatment
- •8.3.2 Metaphylaxis of paediatric nephrolithiasis
- •8.4 References
- •1. Brandle e, Hautmann r.
- •2. Brandle e, Hautmann r.
- •6. Diamond da, Rickwood am, Lee ph, Johnston jh.
- •19. Kovacevic l, Kovacevic s, Smoljanic z, Peco-Antic a, Kostic n, Gajic m, Kovacevic n, Jovanovic o.
- •20. Kroovand rl.
- •24. Minevich e, Rousseau mb, Wacksman j, Lewis ag, Sheldon ca.
- •9.2 Classification
- •9.2.1 Ectopic ureterocele
- •9.2.2 Orthotopic ureterocele
- •9.2.3 Caecoureterocele
- •9.3 Diagnosis
- •9.3.1 Ureterocele
- •9.3.2 Ectopic ureter
- •9.4 Treatment
- •9.4.1 Ureterocele
- •9.4.2 Ectopic ureter
- •10.2 Classification
- •VI. Miscellaneous (? Dysgenetic testes ? teratogenic factors)
- •10.3.2 Late diagnosis and management
- •10.4 Treatment
- •10.4.1 Genitoplasty
- •10.4.2 Indications for the removal of gonads
- •10.5 References
- •11.1.4 Video-urodynamic evaluation
- •11.1.5 Urethral pressure profile (sphincterometry)
- •11.1.6 Electromyography (emg) of the external sphincter
- •11.2 References
- •22. Starr nt.
- •23. Wan j, Greenfield s.
- •26. Zermann dh, Lindner h, Huschke t, Schubert j.
- •12 Abbreviations used in the text
22. Starr nt.
Pediatric gynecology urologic problems. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1997; 40: 181-199.
23. Wan j, Greenfield s.
Enuresis and common voiding abnormalities. Pediatr Clin North Am 1997; 44: 1117-1131.
Yannakoyorgos K, loannides E, Zahariou A, Anagnostopoulos D, Kesselas V, Kalinderis A. Management of nocturnal enuresis in children with desmopressin and bladder physiotherapy. Pediatr Surg Int 1998; 13: 281-284.
Yeung CK, Godley ML, Duffy PG, Ransley PG.
Natural filling cystometry in infants and children. Br J Urol 1995; 75: 531-537.
26. Zermann dh, Lindner h, Huschke t, Schubert j.
Diagnostic value of natural fill cystometry in neurogenic bladder in children. Eur Urol 1997; 32: 223-228.
In view of the diversity and complexity of the addressed issues on the one hand and the necessity to limit the number of cited articles on the other hand an incorporation of the references into the text seemed inappropriate.
12 Abbreviations used in the text
AGS: adrenogenital syndrome
АМН: anti-Mullerian hormone
САН: congenital adrenal hyperplasia
CNS: central nervous system
CRP: C-reactive protein
CT: computed tomography
DHTST: dihydrotestosterone
DMSA: di-mercaptosuccinic acid
EMG: electromyography
ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ESWL: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
FSH: follicle stimulating hormone
HCG: human chorionic gonadotrophin
IVU: intravenous urogram
LH: luteinizing hormone
LHRH: luteinizing hormone releasing hormone
MRI: magnetic resonance imaging
PNL: percutaneous litholapaxy
TST: testosterone
UPJ: ureteropelvic junction
URS: ureterorenoscopy
UTIs: urinary tract infections
VCUG: voiding cystourethrography
VRR: vesicorenal reflux
VUR: vesicoureteral reflux