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……………………………………....…………………………………... 6
1.
………..................................................... 7
..…............................................................................................. 7
1.2.(GPS,
)….......................................................................................................... 8
…….................................................... 12
1.4...…............... 16
1.5..………....………....... 19
1.6.GPS…………....... 21
1.7.………………………...……. 24
GPS…………………………………………………………………... 26
2. …... 33
2.1.GPS- ………………...............……………………. 33
2.2. …………………...…… 34
2.3.« » («stop and go») ….........……. 35
2.4.GPS- (DGPS).…...............……. 37
3.
………………………………………………………………... 41
3.1.…………………………………………. 41
3.2.WGS-84…………………………………... 43
3.3.…………………………………... 44
3.4.1942 ( -42)…………………………………….. 45
3.5.1963 ( -63)…………………………………….. 46
3.6.-2000………. 48
3.7.………………………………………………………... 49
4.
……………………………..............…...……….. 53
.…............................................................................................................ 53
4.2.( )….……………... 56
4.3..…………..……………….…………............. 61
4.4..………………………..……….……………... 65
4
5.
« LEICA GPS 1200+» (C GPS 1200+)………………………………………………….....………………………. 71
5.1. ,
GPS 1200+……………………................................................................ 71
5.2.GRX 1230 GG.…………......………….. 76
5.3.R 1210 ………………………………………………….......... 79
5.4.1203 + GNSS.…………………….……………………….……. 87
5.5.Leica Geo Office (LGO).…..…………….…....... 89
5.6.…....... 90
6.
…………............... 96
6.1.……………………. 96
6.2.,
………………………………………...……….. 97
…...……………………………………….…………………..…..... 99
6.4..……………….………………………….………………... 100
6.5.………………….……………………….………………. 105
6.6.…………………………….…….……………………….. 106
6.7.………………….……………………… 109
6.8.…………………………………………..…………... 111
7. GPS ……………………….. |
115 |
……………………………………………………………………… |
124 |
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133 |
..………………….…………...…………………...... |
135 |
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137 |
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