Методичка английский

Sunday? 4. Helen can ride a bike without (some/any) help now. 5. I need to buy a lot of things. There isn’t (any/no/some) time to waste. 6. (Some/no/ any) of Laura’s friends were at the party last night. 7. Can you get (some/any) coffee? I’ve just made (some/any). 8. He never puts (some/any/no) sugar in his coffee. 9. We didn’t buy (some/any) flowers. 10. Have you seen (some/any) good film recently? No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages. 11. I saw (some/any/no) boys in front of our house, but Mike was not among them. 12. Dinner was not yet ready, so she gave the children (some/any) bread and butter, because they were hungry. 13. Are there (some/any/no) mistakes in the dictation? - Yes, there are (some/any). 14. Can you give (some/any) examples to prove it? 15. She never gets (some/any) sense out of her.

3. Translate into Russian.

1. I think there is something wrong with my watch. 2. Let me know if you need anything. 3. He refused to eat anything. 4. Is there anything interesting in the programme of the concert? 5. I didn’t take any money with me, so I could buy nothing. 6. The student didn’t understand anything because she heard nothing. 7. There was nothing interesting in the last newspaper. 8. Nobody can find out anything when the exam will be. 9.

There is something strange in Peter’s behavior. 10. She never said anything good about her neighbors. 11. “Do you live somewhere near Sally?” 12. Is there anything we must bring to the party? 13. I didn’t know anything about his problem, nobody told me. 14. Is there anyone here? 15. Has anybody translated this text?

4. Put somebody, someone, something, anything, anybody, anyone in the blanks.

1. I see … at the window. 2. There is …in next room who wants to speak to you. 3. Where can I get … to drink? 4. Is there … I can do for you? 5. We didn’t meet … familiar at the party. 6. I won’t tell … about it. 7. … has forgotten his umbrella here. 8. Will … open the door? 9. This job is very easy. … can do it. 10. Was there …absent yesterday? 11. … has eaten all the ice-cream. That’s terrible! 12. Please, give me … warm. There is cold here. 13. “What’s wrong?” “I’ve got … in my eye”. 14. He hasn’t … to talk to. 15. Emmy was upset about ….

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5. Translate into Russian.

1. Nobody came to visit me while I was in hospital. 2. “Where are you going?” “Nowhere. I’m staying here”. 3. He said nothing about his plans.

4. There were no shops open. 5. Nobody phoned, did he? 6. I looked out of the window, but there was nobody. 7. “What do you want to eat?” “Nothing, I am not hungry”. 8. She has no mistakes in her dictation. 9.

Nobody could answer my question. 10. I am sure nobody will visit this place again. 11. “Are you waiting for anybody?” “Nobody”. 12. Nothing of the kind. 13. None of you was right. 14. I don’t know anybody, who dances better than you. 15. The bus was completely empty. There was nobody in it.

6.Put no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, anything, anybody, any in the blanks.

1.Sorry, I’ve got … time. 2. The accident looked serious but fortunately … was injured. 3. There were … letters for you this morning. 4.

…of the tourists ever come to our village. 5. … loves me. 6. … tells me anything. 7. The exam was extremely difficult, … passed. 8. I have heard … about it. 9. There was complete silence in the room. … said … . 10. We took a few photographs but … of them was very good. 11. … in the class did their home task. 12. … of the shops was open. 13. I couldn’t answer … of the questions you ask me. 14. I have received … letters from him lately. 15. What a stupid thing to do! … intelligent person could do it!

7.Express the same in English.

1. Кто-то оставил дверь открытой. 2. Приходите ко мне в любое время. 3. Я собираюсь пригласить несколько своих друзей на день рождение. 4. Никто не знал их адреса. 5. Некоторые студенты уже сдали несколько экзаменов. 6. Я не могу до него дозвониться, наверное, что-то случилось. 7. Есть ли у вас какие-нибудь новые английские журналы? 8. Кто-нибудь видел мои ключи? 9. Мне нечего сказать на этот счёт. 10. Дайте мне немного воды. 11. Была полная тишина, никто не сказал ни слова. 12. Он слишком устал, чтобы выполнить какую-либо работу. 13. У меня нет денег, надо одолжить немного. 14. Если у вас будет немного свободного времени, прочтите эту книгу. 15. Если вам что-нибудь будет нужно, пожалуйста, дайте мне знать.

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КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ

QUANTATIVE PRONOUNS

PRONOUNS MUCH/MANY

Употребление

PRONOUNS LITTLE/FEW

Exercises

1. Put in much or many.

1.There are not … hotels in this town. 2. Paula has not got... money.

3.I have not seen George for …years. 4. Did you buy ... food? 5. There is not … milk in the bottle. 6. There are not … people in the street. 7. I never eat ... bread with soup. 8. Why did you eat so ... ice-cream? 9. There are

…teachers at our school, and …of them are women. 10. Please, do not put

... pepper on the meat. 11. I do not drink ... wine. 12. We haven't had ... rain

3. Answer the questions with a little or a few.

1. “Have you got any money?” “Yes, ….” 2. “Have you got any envelopes?” “Yes, ... .” 3. “Do you want sugar in your coffee?” ”Yes, ... , please.” 4. “Did you take any photos when you were on holiday?” “Yes, ….” 5. “Does your friend speak English?“ “Yes, ...” 6. “Are there any factories in this town?” “Yes, ... .” 7. “Is there any milk in the bottle?” “Yes,

...”. 8. “Did you like the film?” “Yes, ...” 9. “Have you got any time?” “Yes,

... .” 10. “Is there any soup in the plate?” “Yes, ... .” 11. “Are there any mistakes in your test?” “Yes, ...”. 12. “Have you read English books recently?” “Yes, ...”. 13. “Are there any hotels in your town?” “Yes, ...”. 14. “Do many people know about this new shop?” “No, ….” 15. “I’d like some coffee. Do you have any?” “Yes, …”.

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4. Put in very few or very little.

1. I drink ... coffee. I do not like it. 2. The weather here is very dry in summer. There is … rain. 3. The town is very quiet at night. ... people go out. 4. Some people in the office are very lazy. They do ... work. 5. There is

... ink in this ink-pot. Have you got anу ink? 6. My sister likes … sugar in her tea , but I like a lot in mine. 7. This girl works ... and knows nothing. 8.

There is … sun in this rainy country. 9. We enjoyed the concert …. 10. I was not very hungry. I ate .... 11. There is … water in the glass but I’m very thirsty. 12. I know … information about this ancient town. 13. I can’t make this delicious cake. I have … eggs and … flour. 14. Oh, I must hurry up as I have … time. 15. This old generator generates … electricity.

5. Put in little/ a little/ few/ a few.

1.There was …food in the fridge. It was nearly empty. 2. “When did Sarah go out?” “… minutes ago.” 3. I cannot decide now, I need ... time to think about it. 4. There was... traffic, so we arrived earlier than we expected. 5. The bus service is not very good at night – there are ... buses after 9 o’clock. 6.”Would you like some soup?” Yes, ... please. 7. Last night I wrote ... letters to my family and friends. 8. I am going out for a walk. I need ... fresh air. 9. He had ... friends at the camp and he wasn't happy. 10.

The exam was very difficult and only … students passed it. 11. “Have you ever been to Rome?” “Yes, ... times.” 12. Can I have... milk in my coffee, please? 13. The boy is ill and can eat ... food. 14. “Do you speak any foreign languages?” “I can speak German ....” 15. Are there many vacant rooms in the hotel? - No, there are only… .

6. Choose the correct answer.

1.How … money did you spent on holiday? much

many

2.I know … people here but not many.

few a few

3.Would you like … tea? little

a little

4.She had … friends and she felt very lonely. few

a few

5.The man said very …, practically nothing in fact. few

little

6.Would you like … cream in your soup?

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little a little

7.He is a man of … words. He rarely says anything. few

a few

8.Was there … traffic in sight?

much many

9.There were so … jobs to do, I didn’t go to the match. much

many

10.Do you know … people living in your house? much

many

11.There was too … sun in the forest and the tree died. little

a little

12.For … hours the king talked with the painter. much

many

13.How do you feel today? … better, thank you. much

many

14.Can you describe the situation in … words?

few a few

15. There is still ... time before the lesson begins. little

a little

7. Translate into English.

1. У тебя есть кофе? – Нет, очень мало. 2. В бутылке есть немного молока. 3. Очень немногие из англичан говорят по-русски. 4. У них здесь мало друзей. 5. У него мало времени для чтения. 6. У Петра есть немного английских книг. 7. Некоторые из моих друзей живут в Австралии. 8. В столе есть немного бумаги. 9. Около супермаркета есть несколько такси. 10. В нашем отеле мало номеров с балконом. 11. У меня мало денег, поэтому я не могу сейчас купить этот дорогой ноутбук. 12. В нашей группе очень многие студенты успешно сдают экзамены. 13. У меня мало знаний по этому предмету. 14. Сходи в магазин, а то у нас мало хлеба. 15. В моей зачетке много хороших оценок.

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ИМЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ. ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ СТЕПЕНЕЙ СРАВНЕНИЯ

THE ADJECTIVE. DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES

Образование.

Единственным формальным изменением прилагательных является изменение их при сравнении.

1. Односложные.

Суффикс -er, прибавляемый к основе односложных (и многосложных прилагательных, оканчивающихся на -y, -e, -er, -ow) прилагательных, придает им значение сравнительной степени.

Суффикс -est, прибавляемый к основе этих же прилагательных, придает им значение превосходной степени.

2. Многосложные

Многосложные прилагательные приобретают значение сравнительной степени путем прибавления перед ними слова more - более и значение превосходной степени - путем прибавления перед ними слова the most – самый, наиболее.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ

COMPARATIVE CONSTRACTIONS

Все три формы прилагательных – основная (или положительная) (positive), сравнительная (comparative) и превосходная (superlative) используются в сравнительных конструкциях.

Positive degree.

1.Одинаковое качество двух предметов (лиц, явлений) выражается прилагательными в положительной степени (основная форма) в конструкции с союзами as…as в значении такой же …как,

так же…как:

He is as tall as his brother. – Он такой же высокий, как и его

брат.

2.Разное качество предметов выражается конструкцией not so/as…as в значении не так…как, не такой…как:

He is not so (as) tall as his brother. – Он не такой высокий, как его брат.

Если после второго as следует личное местоимение в третьем лице, то обычно глагол повторяется.

I am not as strong as he is. – Я не такой сильный, как он.

А если следует личное местоимение в первом или втором лице, то глагол может опускаться.

She is not so beautiful as you (are). – Она не такая красивая, как

ты.

Comparative degree.

1. При сравнении степени качества одного предмета с другим после прилагательного в сравнительной степени употребляется союз than - чем, который при переводе на русский язык часто опускается.

He is older than I am. – Он старше, чем я. (меня)

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This book is more interesting than that one. – Эта книга интереснее, чем та (книга).

Эта конструкция может содержать и количественный компонент сравнения.

My mother is ten years younger than my father. – Моя мама на 10

лет моложе отца.

Если после than следует личное местоимение в третьем лице, то глагол обычно повторяется:

She has more good marks than he has. – У нее больше хороших отметок, чем у него.

А если следует личное местоимение в первом или втором лице, то глагол может опускаться:

He is stronger than you. – Он сильнее, чем ты.

В этом случае, если нет второго сказуемого, после than обычно употребляется личное местоимение в объектном падеже me/ him/ her/ them/ us, а не в именительном:

You are taller than I am. или You are taller than me. – Ты выше,

чем я (меня).

Superlative degree.

Если один предмет или лицо превосходят остальные в какомлибо качестве, то употребляется прилагательное в превосходной степени с артиклем the. Речь обычно идет не о сравнении двух предметов (лиц, явлений), а трех или более.

"Why did you stay at that hotel?" – "It was the cheapest (that) we could find." "Почему вы остановились в той гостинице?" – "Она была самая дешевая, которую мы могли найти".

Обычно при сравнении употребляется конструкция the прилагательное… in, если речь идет о местоположении, например:

Tom is the cleverest (boy) in the class. – Том - самый умный

(парень) в классе.

Или конструкция the прилагательное… of, например:

He is the best of my friends. – Он лучший из моих друзей.

После превосходной степени часто употребляется определительное придаточное предложение со сказуемым в Present Perfect (как вы помните, здесь речь идет о свершившемся факте в прошлом, значение которого продолжается до настоящего момента). Это предложение может вводиться относительным местоимением that (который), но оно обычно опускается.

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