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E26

E27

Key to phonemic and other symbols

Vowels

Short vowels

IT) pit, it 0 wet, end

cat, a pple

0 ru n, u p

hot, opposite @] put, would

0 ago, doctor

DJ happy, cosy

[illinfluence, annual

Consonants

CliJ bee, about

W do, side

CIJ fat, safe []]go, big

0iJ hat, beh ind rn yet, you

W key, week

DJ led, allow

Long vowels

OD see, eat

@D part, arm

@D saw, always

@D too, you

@D her, early

[BD map, lamp

Wnose, any

Wpen, stop

CD red, around IT] soon, us

CD ten, last

Gvet, live

0wet, swim

Other symbols used in this book

Diphthongs

@]

day, eight

@D

my, eyes

@!J

boy, joi n

[gu]

low, open

tau]

how, out

near, here

l eg] hair, where lug] tau rist, sure

lOO, loves

(ili] general, age [ill hang, hoping

[[) that, other []]thin, bath CD sh ip, push

Wmeasure, usual

ern chin, catch

/71

a glottal stop, as in l'fu?bo:V ('football'). See Section E4 Glossary for more

 

information.

I I

shows that I:JI can be pronounced or not pronounced, as in l'rev nd31 (average).

fTI

shows that in BBC English Irl is pronounced when it is followed by a vowel sound but

 

not when it is followed by a consonant sound, as in l'brAo:Jrl (brother). In some

 

other varieties, such as North American English, Irl is always pronounced.

III

put before the syllable with main stress, as in fI'ventl (elvent).

1.1

put before the syllable with secondary stress, as in l,retm:Js'fenk/ ( .atmos'pheric).

III

shows a syllabic consonant, as in I'bntll (bottle). See Section E4 Glossary for more

I

I

 

information.

I. I

shows syllable divisions within a word, as in l'dIf.:JI (differ).

192

English Pronunciation in Use (Advanced)

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