reading / British practice / Vol D - 1990 (ocr) ELECTRICAL SYSTEM & EQUIPMENT
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Additional references
THRUST AND GUIDE CENTRIFUGAL |
INSULATED PLATE |
OIL INLET |
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BEARING |
SWITCH |
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CIL, DRAIN
OIL OUTLET
AIR
INLET
OIL OVERFLOW
._ 11kV MAIN
TERMINAL BOX
•- ,TRAL TERMINAL
ACCESS COVER ----
- THERMOCOUPLE
TERMINAL BOX
• ANTI-CONDENSATION HEATER TERMINAL BOX
OIL FLOW INDICATOR
R.NLET
AIR VENT |
EARTHING |
VERTICAL INSULATED OIL OVERFLOW |
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BRUSHGEAR |
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FIG. 7.22 Circulating water |
pump motor |
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8 References
11:4r, Pl.: The nature of polyphase induction machines:
\111c•+,,y 195/
PI,: Induction machines, 2nd Edition: Gordon & lireach: 1970
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1983 |
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0.: .kIternating current machines, London.: Pitman: |
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3. and Gibbs, W.J,: Polyphase commutator machines: |
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C.imbridee University Press: 1951 |
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:11 0-1 |
arc, K.K.: Performance requirements and test methods for |
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oltage a.c. rumor insulation: Proc. LEE, Vol 116, No. 10: |
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l 55 |
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.5) |
Schwarz, K.K.: Design and performance of high and [ow voltage |
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i;:rinical hoses: Proc. LEE, Vol 109A p 151: 1962 |
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,;,[w.arz, K.K.: Submerged gas circulator motors for advanced Ns-,:coted reactors: Proc. [E.E, Vol 120, No 7: July 1973
9 Additional references
9.1 ESI Standards
ESI 44-3 Electric motors specification 13.3 kV and above)
ESI 44-4 Electric motors specification 1415 V and below)
ESI 44-5 Testing the insulation systems for stator coils for rotating electrical machines 13.3 kV and above).
9.2 CEGB Standards
CEGB 44011 (GDCD 851 — Electric motors — small power
CEGB 620106 (GDCD 192) — Glandless pump/motor units electrical and mechanical design requirements
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Motors |
Chapter 7 |
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9.3British Standards
BS2757 |
Classification of insulating materials for electrical ma- |
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chinery on the basis of thermal stability in service |
BS4999 |
General requirements for rotating electrical machines |
Part 10 |
Standard dimensions |
Part 20 |
Classification of types of enclosure |
Part 21 |
Classification of methods of roofing |
Part 30 |
Duty and rating |
Part 32 |
Limits of temperature rise and methods of measurement |
Part 33 |
Methods of determining losses and efficiency |
Part 41 |
General characteristics |
Part 50 |
Mechanical performance — vibration |
Part 51 Noise levels
Part 60 Tests
BS 5000 Rotating electrical machines of particular types
Part 40 Motors for driving power station auxiliaries
9.4IEEE Standards
IEEE 334 Type test of continuous duty class IF motors for nud ea , power generating stations
9.5IEC Recommendations
IEC 34 Rotating electrical machines Parts 1, 2 and 4 to 10.
648
CHAPTER 8
Telecommunications
Requirements and policy
• • Acce.ss to off-site services Requirements on the power station site
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General telephone requirements |
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i 2 2 Radio systems
23 Radio paging system
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Operational telephone systems
'2 4 Maintenance and commissioning communication
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6 Audible warning system |
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Special requirements for nuclear and pumped-storage |
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cower stations |
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Nuclear power stations |
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Accommodation and power supplies |
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Main telecommunications room INITRI |
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' 4 2 Auxiliary telecommunications room (ATM |
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4.4 48 V DC power supplies |
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2 Access to British Telecom national cable network |
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1 On-site British Telecom |
cable requirements |
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On-site duct routes for |
British Telecom cables |
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3 Segregation of British Telecom cables within the power |
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station building
2 4 British Telecom cables
25 Electrical isolation of British Telecom circuits
3 British Telecom telephone services
3 1 Public switched telephone network IPSTN)
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3 4 Private circuit network |
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a On-site telecommunication cabling |
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General |
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2 FAX telephone cabling |
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odbling |
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User distribution frame in the station administration |
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pudding for the PAX/PABX telephone cabling |
1 3 Short time fireproof cabling
4 4 t.ovi smoke cabling
5 Private automatic exchange (PAX)
5Types of telephone exchange
'I Strowger systems 2 Crossbar systems
3 Stored programme control (SPC) systems
6 Private automatic branch exchange IPABX1
1 Generai facilities
6 2 Night service facilities
7 Paging systems
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2 2 Inductive loop paging systems |
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Central control equipment |
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Manual controllers |
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Transmitters and antennas |
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7.3.5Direct speech
7.3.6Use of paging systems
8 Radio systems
8.1Introduction
8.2Radiotelephony systems
8.2,1 Radio frequency bands used by PMR systems
8.2.2Comparison of VHF and UHF systems
8.2.3Allocation of radio channels
8.2.4VHF systems used in power stations
8.2.5UHF systems used in power stations
8.3Crane radio systems used in power stations
8.3.1Crane control systems
8.3.2Anticollision systems
8.4RF modulation systems
8.4.1Amplitude modulation lAM)
8.4.2Frequency modulation (FM)
8.4.3Signalling systems
8.5RF propagation
8.5.1RF received power
8.6Antenna systems
8.6.1Antennas
8.6.2Typical antenna arrangements
8.6.3Radiating cable (leaky feeder) 8.7 RF fixed stations
8.7.1Fixed station transmitters
8.7.2Fixed station receivers
8.7.3Antenna coupling equipment
8.8Lightning protection 8.8.1 Antenna systems 8.8.2 Fixed station cubicle
8.9Remote control systems
8.9.1Operational description of the M87 control system
8.9.2Operational description of the Motorola-Stomp CAF2200 system
8.10Handportable radiotelephone transceivers
8.11Vehicle-mounted radiotelephones
8.11.1Vehicle antennas
8.11.2Noise suppression 8.12 Interference problems
8.12.1Intermodulation products
8.12.2Half IF interference
9 Direct wire telephone systems
9.1General details
9.2Common equipment and common equipment accommodation
9.3Plant telephones
9.4Audible and visual calling units
9.5Common equipment location and battery supply
10 Maintenance and commissioning telephone jack system
11 Siren system
11.1Station emergency zones
11.2Emergency alarm signals
11.3Control panels
11.3.1Operation of system from power station central control room controller
11.3.2Operation of system from gatehouse controller
11.4 Equipment cubicle
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Chapter 8 |
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11.5Power supplies
11.6Cabling
1 2 Central control room supervisor's desk
1 3 Nuclear power station requirements
13.1Specific requirements for nuclear stations
13.2Public address systems
13_2.1 Power station zones
13.2.2Controllers
13 2.3 Common equipment
13.2.4Loudspeakers
13.3 Siren systems
133_1 Siren signals
13.3.2Controllers
13.3.3Common equipment
133,4 Cabling and power supplies
13.4 Emergency telecommunications
13,4.1 Nuclear incident
13.4.2Emergency control centre (ECC)
13.4.3District survey laboratory (Dal
13.4.4Operations support centre (OSCI
13.4.5Radio services for a nuclear emergency
14 Pumped-storage power station requirements
14.1Private automatic branch exchange
14.2Private automatic exchange
14.3Radio paging system
14.4Personal radio system
14,4,1 Antenna system
14.4.2Radio channels
14.4.3Handportable radiotelephones
14.4.4Controllers
14.4.5Fixed stations
14.5Sound-powered telephone systems
14.5.1System 1 — 400 kV cable tunnel system
14.5.2System 2 — Power station emergency telephone system
14.6Maintenance and commissioning telephone jack system
14.7Siren system
15 Construction site telecommunications
15.1Initial requirements for British Telecom services to sile
15.2On-site telephone cable duct network
15.2.1General requirements
15.3Telecommunications systems and services
15.3.1Private automatic branch exchange (PABX)
15.3.2Emergency telephone system
15.3,3 Site emergency warning system 15.3.4 Pay telephones
15.3,5 Radio paging system
15.3.6Site radio system
15,3.7 Radio telephone handportables
15.3.8Data, telex and facsimile services
16 Future trends and developments
16.1Connections to off-site telecommunication networks
16.2On-site cabling
16.3Telephone exchanges
16.4Radio systems
16.4.1Trunked radio system
1 7 Additional references
1 Requirements and policy
Reliable telecommunication services are essential for the efficient operation of a power station during normal and emergency conditions. To ensure the required availability of telecommunication services at all times, it is CEGB policy to provide separate, dispersed, independent and, where necessary, duplicated telecommunication systems.
The term telecommunications in respect of a CEGB power station covers the following:
•Telephonic communication on site.
•Telephonic communication to locations outside the power station.
•Radio paging of staff on site.
•Radio communication both on-site and off-site.
•Audible and visual broadcast of information and emergency instructions.
•To the associated 400 kV or 275 kV switching station (which may be on-site or off-site), through which the bulk of the power station electrical output is fed into the 400/275 kV national grid tranmission system.
•To the public switched telephone network (PSTN) operated by British Telecommunications plc (BT) (the main British national telephone company) and also to the BT national cable network.
•To the emergency services, i.e., Police, Fire and Ambulance.
•To the CEGB corporate telephone network (CTN).
1.2 Requirements on the power station site
A number of telecommunication systems are provided on site to ensure diversity and reliability of operation.
1.2.1 General telephone requirements
1.1 Access to off-site services
Good communication links are required from power stations to the following locations and services:
•To the national grid system operations control and telephone network; and in particular, to the area grid control centre from which the power station receives generation and operational instructions, details of which are found in Volume K, Chapter 12.
Telephonic communication is required to power station on-site locations and to remote locations. It is present CEGB policy to satisfy these requirements by providing two separate automatic telephone exchanges: a private automatic exchange (PAX) and a private automatic branch exchange (PABX), which have interconnecting circuits. A small number of direct telephone- lines to the PSTN are also provided which are inde pendent of the station exchanges.
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Requirements and policy |
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T h e FAX system has telephones at all parts of the |
thorities to mean one or more contiguous power sta- |
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ltion and provides telephonic communication faci- |
tions and therefore the five channels, where authorised, |
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for the general administration of the station. The |
would be shared between all the power stations. |
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°:; sv.stem also has an operational function which |
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1.2.3 Radio paging system |
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systems referred to later in this |
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ii al The FAX has access to the national CEGB |
A radio paging system (RPS) enables users of FAX |
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neto.orks, i.e., system operation telephone |
telephones, the telephone operator and the station |
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the CEGB CIN, and also direct circuits to |
control engineer to access the paging system and page |
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Ier off-site CEGB PANs and telephones. |
individual roving personnel carrying pocket pagers. |
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FABX system provides access to the BT PSTN. |
The paged person will establish speech communi- |
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allocation of PABX telephones is generally re- |
cation with the caller by using a convenient FAX |
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to those locations needing such access, main- |
telephone and dialling the common answering code |
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the Station Administration Building. The lines |
for the paging system. On present systems, the pocket |
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pagers have an alphanumeric display which is pro- |
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,..orriccting the PABX and FAX permit intercom- |
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grammed by the caller to show the telephone number |
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inunication between all PABX and FAX telephone |
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which the paged person should call. |
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e mensions. |
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The operating procedure adopted by the caller would |
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\ceess of individual PAX telephones to off-site |
be to: |
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loeJtions is allocated on a 'need to use' basis, as is |
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:lie access of individual PABX telephones to the BT |
• Key/dial the RPS access number on the PAX. If |
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HT. Nominated locations and personnel have both |
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this is successful, an acknowledge tone will be re- |
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PABX and FAX telephone which provides direct |
ceived from the RPS. |
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,..,.,,,, mun ication with both telephone exchanges. |
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o separate telephone exchanges are provided be- |
• Key/dial the desired pager number. A supervisory |
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_lase present Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) |
tone will indicate acceptance of the pager code by |
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cnilations prohibit the CEGB from maintaining a |
the RPS. |
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telephone exchange which has access to the BT PSTN. |
• Key/dial the callers telephone number which is to |
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I- he telephone exchange must be maintained by an |
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be displayed on the pager. |
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•.i rproved maintainer' which can be HT or, alternative- |
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h., the supplier of the telephone exchange. However, |
• A supervisory tone will indicate that the paging call |
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ilie CEGB requires the option of carrying out emer- |
has been accepted. |
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repair work immediately, using its own staff. |
• Replace the telephone handset and await the call |
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[his is achieved by providing a PAX completely under |
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NGB control for telephone communication to all |
back from the paged person. |
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.ration locations and a separate PABX for those |
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and personnel authorised for access to the |
The radio paging system is also used to alert groups |
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BF PSTN which is maintained by BT or another ap- |
of personnel, i.e., the first-aid team, the fire fighting |
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pro ■ ed maintainer. A failure of the PABX cannot |
team and, in nuclear power stations, the damage assess- |
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rc,:ek,e attention until the off-site maintainer attends |
ment teams. |
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'i c fault. |
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The use of two telephone exchanges located in |
1.2.4 Operational telephone systems |
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Fir ierent areas of the power station, e.g., FAX in the |
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.,)nirol building and the PABX in the station ad- |
Discrete, direct wire operational telephone systems are |
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:Tnnistration building, also improves the reliability of |
provided for each unique plant system, e.g., boiler/ |
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idephone communications by providing spatial and |
turbine unit and associated plant, electrical plant and |
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ektiipment diversity. |
coal plant (where appropriate). |
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1.2.2 Radio systems |
1.2.5 Maintenance and commissioning |
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Radio communications are provided by fixed base sta- |
communication system |
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lon receivers and transmitters remotely controlled from |
A network of direct telephone circuits terminated on |
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JeNk or table top mounted controllers and handport- |
telephone jack sockets are provided on (or near) power |
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able radiotelephones (handportables) carried by roving |
station plant, control desks, etc., where direct tele- |
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personnel. Roving personnel carrying handportables are |
phone communication is required during maintenance |
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:t ko able to speak to each other via a fixed station, |
and commissioning of station plant. Station personnel |
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the 'talkthrough' facility. |
use portable telephones or amplified headsets plugged |
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UP to five separate radio frequency channels are |
into the telephone jack sockets. The network is referred |
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ailable for use at a power station site. The term |
to as the maintenance and commissioning telephone |
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Power station site' is understood by the licensing au- |
jack system (MCTJS). |
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651
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Chapter 8 |
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1.2.6 Audible warning system
An audible warning, to inform all power station personnel of an emergency, is provided by operating sirens in either the discrete area(s) of the power station affected or in all areas of the power station. The opera- [i on of the sirens is controlled from the power station control room and 'or the security gatehouse.
1.3 Special requirements for nuclear and pumped-storage power stations
Nuclear and pumped-storage power stations need special telecommunication facilities not found in conventional fossil-fuelled stations.
1.3.1 Nuclear power stations
Safety and emergency conditions in the reactor area require consideration of:
•Safety of personnel and plant.
•Control of emergency operations.
•I mmediate dissemination of information to personnel during emergency conditions.
•Communication with off-site nuclear incident emergency services.
•Dissemination of information to the general public during a nuclear incident.
•Radio communication within and into the reactor areas of the power station.
1.3.2 Pumped-storage power stations
Safety and emergency conditions in the underground areas of the power station require consideration of:
•Safety of personnel and plant.
•Communication with roving personnel in all areas of the underground labyrinth.
1.4Accommodation and power supplies
In fossil-fuel power stations, three telecommunications rooms are provided for diversity and security of alternative operational communication system equipment: two in the \lain Station Building, i.e., the Main Telecommunications Room (MIR) and the Auxiliary Telecommunications Room (ATR), and one in the Station Administration Building (PABX room). In nuclear power stations an ATR is provided for each reactor/turbine-generator unit.
The telecommunications requirements change during the life of a power station and adequate space is specified at the design stage to ensure that future changes and additions to equipment can be accommodated.
In accordance with present telecommunications practice, computer type flooring, i.e., removable floor squares, is provided in all three rooms for convenience of cabling and future changes of equipment. Although, generally, telecommunications equipment is becoming s maller, the quantity of equipment is increasing.
1.4.1Main telecommunications room {MTR}
The MTR has a floor area sufficient to accommodate the known and future equipment. Over-provision of space is desirable because of the inability to make accurate forecasts of future requirements which in the telecommunication field are subject to continuous change. The MTR has an adjacent battery room. A typical layout of the two rooms is shown on Fig 8.1.
The MTR has cable routes to the main cable risers and cable tunnels for access to:
•The power station digital pair network.
•Telecommunications cable routes to the associated 400/275 kV switching station.
•Each of the two physically separated incoming BT cable routes.
Access for equipment and personnel into the \ITR is provided by a double door. A second door is used for access of personnel and as an emergency exit. Consideration is required of the access and equipment handling facilities available on the route to the NITR double door within the station.
The environmental conditions of dust and humidity must not at the present time be less than those applicable to the Central Control Room (CCR), as specified in Specification CEGB-EES (1980), Clause 2.2, Table 1, Class B3.
The temperature of the room should be maintained within the limits of + 5 ° C to + 40°C, allowing for a maximum heat dissipation of 10 kW from the equipment in the MTR.
With modern SPC exchanges, air conditioning is provided for the MTR to give Class A conditions, i.e.:
•Temperature limits of + 18 to + 27 ° C.
•Relative humidity limits of 35 to 75%.
SPC exchanges which have been approved to the requirements of the CEGB General Specification for Electronic Equipment (CEGB-EES 1980), will continue to operate within Class B temperature and humidity li mits but with the possible reduction in equipment ti ming and other minor variations in the manufacturer's
specified equipment operational limits.
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To supply the MIR and the associated telecommuni cation battery charging requirements, two alternative
7.5 kW, three-phase, 415 V AC supplies are required
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to feed two 6-way, three-phase and neutral distribu tion boards complying with CEGB Category 2 safety
652
Requirements and policy
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550 |
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GENERAL |
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-41- 550 |
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INDICATIONS |
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240V AC SWITCHED |
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SOCKET OUTLETS |
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RADIO |
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PAGING |
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INTERFACE FOR |
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CORPORATE |
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NETWORK |
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1 |
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BENCH
FIG. 8,1 Main telecommunications room — typical floor plan
--duirernents. Each of the two battery chargers is
-;iFlieci from different AC supply distribution boards. 110 V 50 W AC uninterruptable power supply
IN is required for the radio paging central control :quipme nt.
111c minimum lighting standard is 300 Lux. li ghting is also provided;
MTR equipment
The equipment includes cable distribution frames, PA(B)X, UHF radio equipment, radio paging equipment, 48 V DC power supply equipment, isolation equipment for BT incoming cables, CTN equipment and grid control telecommunications equipment (for
653
Telecommunications |
Chapter 8 |
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grid system control and telephony) when the latter is not located in the associated 275 kV or 400 kV switching station.
The Plante batteries are located in a battery roo m adjacent to the MTR. The room complies with the CEGB standards for battery rooms described in Chapter 9.
.11TR 48 V DC power supplies
If Plante batteries are used, the 48 V power supply equipment comprises: two chargers, two batteries and a single distribution board. The power supply system has sufficient electrical capacity to supply the known and predicted 48 V DC requirements of the 1V1TR. For a modern power station this would include two batteries of approximately 400 Ah each. The arrangement complies with CEGB Transmission Plant Standards. A simplified block diagram of the system is shown in Fig 8.2. The two batteries and chargers are operated in parallel. Failure of one battery or one charger will not cause a complete failure of the system. Each charger has sufficient output to meet the total battery load. The two paralleled batteries are capable of supporting the load for approximately 12 hours.
The arrangement enables one battery and charger to be disconnected from the load for off-load boost charging. During boost charging the standby capacity of the system is halved, e.g., it is approximately 6 hours.
The 48 V positive poles of the batteries are earthed at one point, usually at the distribution board via an isolating link. An earth cable is run between the distribution board and the power station's control and instrumentation (C and I) earth. The C and I earth is also used for the cable screen earths associated with the power station multipair cable distribution system.
If recombination cell batteries are used, the 48 V DC power supply equipment is provided for each individual telecommunications equipment. A power equipment rack (PER) comprising modular rectifiers and
.48 V battery units is provided ensuite with its associated telecommunications system. Each modular battery h as a capacity of approximately 100 Ah. A number or rectifier/battery modules are connected in parallel to provide the required standby capacity, e.g., 12 hours for a PAX, DWTS or AWS and 7 hours for a PABX. The advantages/disadvantages of recombination cells are described in Section 1.4.4 of this chapter.
1.4.2 Auxiliary telecommunications room (AIR)
The AIR is remote from the NrITR and provides accommodation for telecommunications equipment associated with each turbine-generator unit, whereas the MTR provides accommodation for non-unitised telecommunications equipment. In the event of a fire in the MTR, the telecommunications in the ATR will be unaffected and vice versa. Nuclear stations have one ATR per turbine-generator unit to provide further separation and the enhanced security which arises from dispersed and diversified systems. With the exception of the unit MCTJS which uses the station multipair cable system, the ATR equipment uses dedicated cable systems.
The ATR is dimensioned to accommodate the following telecommunications equipment:
A C . |
AC . |
SUPPLY |
SUPPLY |
DUAL
BATTERY
CHARGERS
—11 DUAL 400AH BATTERIES
•A public address system (for one of the duplicated systems).
•An audible warning (siren) system (AWS).
•A maintenance and commissioning telephone jack system (MCTJS).
•A direct wire telephone system (DWTS). One of the ATRs will also accommodate the DWTS for the CCR supervisor's desk in addition to one of the turbine-generator unit systems.
48V DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
48V0C SUPPLIES
FOR MCR EQUiPMENT
Ho. 8.2 Main telecommunications room — 48 V DC power supplies block diagram
Where there is a requirement at a nuclear power station for seismically qualified DWTSs, then the central DWTS equipment must be seismically qualified and located in a seismically qualified room. The AIR battery which provides power for the DWTS and the other telecommunication equipment in the ATR must also be seismically qualified.
Figure 8.3 shows the floor plan of one of the two ATRs for a two-unit nuclear power station, where seismic qualification of the DWTS is required. Where seismic qualification is not required, the DWTS equip- - ment is located in the same room as the other telecom munication equipment.
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Requirements and policy |
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BATTERY ROOM |
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SUSPENDED |
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LIGHT PITTING |
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2 5rn |
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48V BATTERY |
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iSEISMICALLY QUALIFIED) |
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LJL- |
6 WAY SINGLE PHASE |
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48V |
DISTRIBUTION UNIT |
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FUSE AND |
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LINK |
CHARGER |
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BOARD |
DIRECT WIRE |
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AND |
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TELEPHONE |
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DISTRIBUTION |
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BOARD |
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SEISMICALLY QUALIFIED EQUIPMENT |
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240V A.C. SWITCHED SOCKET OUTLETS
ADDRESS (P A )
MAINTENANCE &
COMMISSIONING
TELEPHONE JACK
SYSTEM PATCHING
BOARD
30 WAY CHARGING RACK FOR RADIO HAND PORTABLES
Fic, 8.3 Auxiliary telecommunications room — typical floor plan of' a unit ATR for a nuclear power station having a seismically qualified direct wire telephone system
655
Telecommunications |
Chapter 8 |
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A TR 48 V DC power supplies |
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If Plante batteries are used, the 48 V power supply equipment comprises: a single charger, a battery and a single distribution board. The power supply system has sufficient electrical capacity to supply the known and predicted 48 V DC requirements of the ATR. For a modern power station the battery would be of the order of Itto .1h. The arrangement complies with CEGB Transmission Plant Standards. A simplified block diagram of the system is shown in Fig 8,4,
The earthing arrangement is similar to that described or the NITR 48 V power supplies.
If recombination cell batteries are used, the rectifiers and batteries are provided and sized to suit the associated telecommunications system as explained for the 14TR.
1.4.3 PABX room
The PABX room and the associated battery room (when required) are located in the power station administration building. The rooms should have sufficient floor area to accommodate the known present and future equipment requirements.
The PABX room accommodates the PABX, battery charger, 48 V distribution rack or power equipment racks (PERs), cable distribution and isolation frames, maintenance terminal and miscellaneous furniture.
When the battery comprises lead acid Plante cells, a battery room is provided to accommodate the 48 V DC battery and battery maintenance equipment.
The cable distribution frames located in the PABX room include the Network Operator's Distribution Frame (NODF), the User Distribution Frame (UDF) and the Test Jack Frame (TJF).
The NODF is the termination point for the network operator's off-site cable connections.
The UDF is the termination point for the on-site PABX telephone cable system.
The TJF is the termination point for the PABX cables and interconnections between the PABX, the NODF and the UDF.
All three distribution frames have a jumper wire system to enable the flexible interconnections to be made.
The cables terminating on the UDF include cables to: the floor distribution points (FDPs) in the station administration building; the local distribution boxes; the locally sited line jack units (LJUs) for telephones; the PABX swjtchboard(s) in the reception area of the station administration building; the MTR in the station control building and the supervisor's desk in the CCR.
In the case of 'hot' sites, i.e., sites which have poor earthing systems allowing the earth point potential to rise during high voltage (HV) to earth faults, an isolation frame is inserted between the NODF and the cables connected to the off-site network operator's cable distribution system. This is unnecessary for sites served solely by fibre-optic cables. The isolation frame can
AC
SUPPLY
SINGLE
BATTERY
CHARGER
48V CPSTRIBUTION
BOARD
48v DC SUPPLIES
TO ATCR EQUIPMENT
Fio. 8.4 Auxiliary telecommunications room — 48 V DC power supplies block diagram
be free-standing or wallmounted and accommodates cable pair isolating links and isolation transformers. Alternatively, the links and transformers can be provided as separate wall-mounted units.
The definition of a 'hot' site is given in Engineering Recommendation S5/1 Section 6.1. From the Recommendation it can be seen that isolation equipment is necessary if the earth potential rise is greater than 430 V RMS for systems protected by overcurrent protection and 650 V on 'high reliability systems', i.e., systems having high speed protection.
Typical wall-mounted isolation units are described in Section 2.5 of this chapter.
The PABX room is also used as the marshalling and terminating point for cables connected to station telecommunication services, access to which is required within the station administration building, e.g., the station public address system, the station radio paging system and the PAX telephone system.
The environmental conditions in the PABX room should be similar to those of the MTR to provide the correct environment for the PABX.
A reliable AC power supply is required into the PABX room to provide power for the PABX battery charger and other telecommunication equipment. An AC power supply is also required for wall-mounted sockets in the PABX room for portable test equipment, the PABX interrogating and programming terminal and portable cleaning equipment.
A low resistance connection is provided to the AC power supply earth located as near as possible to the
power supply cable entry to the Administration Build- ing. This earth connection is extended to the PABX
positive connection of the 48 V DC battery or to the
656