Инглиш / State_and_Government_Structure_and_Bodies
.docxState and Government Structure and Bodies
The Republic of Belarus is a sovereign unitary democratic social constitutional state.
The President of the Republic of Belarus is the Head of the State. His powers, procedure and guarantees of their implementation are defined by the Constitution and the Law as of February 21, 1995 “On the President of the Republic of Belarus”. The President is the guarantor of the Constitution and the human rights and freedoms and rights of citizens. As the highest official of the Republic of Belarus, the President represents the unity of the nation, the implementation of the main aspects of domestic and foreign policy and represents the State in its relations with other states and international organizations.
Parliament - the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus - is the representative and legislative body of the Republic of Belarus, is composed of two houses — the House of Representatives and the Council of the Republic (the house of territorial representation.) The main function of Parliament is the law-making process.
Executive power in the Republic of Belarus is implemented by the Government. The Council of Ministers is a central collegial body of the government, governing the system of subordinate national government bodies and other public organizations, as well as the local executive and administrative bodies. The activity of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus is controlled by the President of the Republic of Belarus and is responsible to the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus.
Judicial power in the Republic of Belarus belongs to courts established by territorial principle and by principle of specialization, and is independent from bodies of legislative and executive power. Judges in the Republic of Belarus are independent and shall only obey the law. Any interference in the work of judges in the administration of justice is prohibited and punishable by law.
The Republic of Belarus has chosen a path of a socially-oriented state, the main goal of which is to increase the material welfare and the cultural well-being of the citizens of the country. And it has achieved some results along the way: in the human development index Belarus ranks the 65th among 187 countries of the world and enters the group of countries with a high level of human potential development. By 2016 the state plans to rise by at least 15 positions in the list. The country has a system of state social standards which ensure the implementation of the social rights consolidated by the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus.
As for domestic policy, Belarus is pursuing an independent domestic policy based on the stability of the constitutional order, the guarantee of rights and freedom of citizens, the equality of all forms of property and social justice. The country pays a lot of attention to ensuring an integrated sustainable development of the regions, demographic security, environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.
In foreign policy Belarus places stake on openness and constructiveness, fidelity to principles and flexibility. The country proved its ability to establish a mutually beneficial dialogue and respond to modern challenges, which include human trafficking and protection of human rights.
Belarus does not stop in its development, placing its stake on the competitive growth of the economy of the country and its consistent integration into the world economic system.
2. Find logical continuation of the following sentences:
1. The Republic of Belarus is … state.
2. The Head of the State is … .
3. The President represents … .
4. Parliament is composed of … .
5. The Council of Ministers is a central collegial … .
6. Judicial power belongs to … .
7. The country has a system of state … .
8. Belarus is pursuing … .
9. The country proved its ability to … .
10. Belarus does not stop in … .
3. Answer the following questions:
What kind of state is the Republic of Belarus?
Who is the Head of the state? What are his functions?
Who is the representative of legislative power? What is its structure?
Who is the representative of executive power? What are its functions?
How does judicial power operate? What does it belong to?
What does “a socially-oriented state” mean?
What are the main principles of domestic policy?
What are the main principles of foreign policy?