- •Иванова о.В., Кирильчик т.К.
- •Introduction to economics Введение в экономику
- •What is economics?
- •What is economics?
- •Economic or economical?
- •1.Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word from the list below.
- •Reading I
- •1. Read the text and focus on the following points:
- •The meaning of economics
- •Answer the following questions on the contents of the text.
- •Choose the right variant.
- •4. Expand the sentences, using the information from the text.
- •Read the text and focus on the following:
- •Satisfying people’s wants
- •Answer the following questions on the contents of the text.
- •2.Read the text again and say if the following statements are true or false according to the information in the text.
- •3.Match the beginnings and endings of the following statements.
- •Economic systems
- •1.Say whether the following characteristics of economic systems are typical for a)traditional economic systems, b) command economic systems, c)market economic systems.
- •2.Answer the following questions on the contents of the text.
- •3.Read the text again and say if the following statements are true or false according to the information in the text.
- •4.Complete the following table.
- •1. Match the words listed below with the definitions that follow.
- •2. Group the words that follow into six synonymous groups.
- •3. Group the words that follow into six antonymous groups.
- •4. Complete the sentences with appropriate terms from the list below.
- •5.Add an appropriate preposition to each of the following sentences where indicated.
- •6.Match the words and their definitions.
- •7.The snowball definition game.
- •8.Translate into English.
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Make these sentences passive. Use by if it is necessary to say who did the action.
- •Complete this advertisement, using either active or passive forms.
- •The following passage describes the production of paper. Put the words in brackets into the appropriate forms.
- •Complete these sentences with appropriate passive or active forms of the verbs
- •If possible, rewrite these newspaper headlines as passive sentences. Begin each sentence with It has been … that.. . If it is not possible write X after the headline.
- •Import-Export
- •How to make a good presentation
- •Introducing the first point
- •Inviting questions
- •Adam smith
- •The Vision of Adam Smith
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Which of the following statements are true/false?
- •3. Do you agree or disagree with the following opinions? Why yes and why not? Write an essay of 150-200 words to support your opinion.
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Which of the following statements are true/false?
- •3. Questions for discussion.
- •Сlassical liberalism
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2.Complete the following sentences:
- •3. Questions for discussion.
- •Neoclassical economics
- •The subschools
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Which of the following statements are true/false?
- •3.Questions for discussion.
- •Reference Literature
What is economics?
Pre-reading activities
Study the different meanings of the following words:
Economics is the study of the way in which money, industry, and trade are organized in a society.
The economy of a country or region is the system by which money, industry, and trade are organized: a capitalist/free/market/mixed economy, political/domestic economy. The wealth obtained by a country or region from business and industry is also referred to as its economy: the national economy. Economy is also careful spending or the careful use of things to save money: economy of effort/words.
An economist is somebody who studies, works or is an expert in the field of economics.
If you economize, you save money by spending it very carefully. To economize means to reduce expenditure, or use resources less wastefully: We had to economize on fuel.
Economic means concerned with the organization of the money, industry, and trade of a country, region, or social group. A business that is economic produces a profit.
Something that is economical does not require a lot of money to operate. If someone is economical, he spends money carefully and sensibly. Economical also means using the minimum amount of something that is necessary.
Economic or economical?
The adjective economic denotes economics or the economy, and is concerned with “aspects of the supply of goods and structure of wealth”: Economic activity/theory/development/planning/policy, the economic effects of taxation.
The adjective economical, on the other hand, has to do with economy specifically in its senses “making the best and most frugal use of resources” and “inexpensiveness”: an economical cook/housewife/production process/budget.
But the two adjectives can overlap in one sense, “efficient in terms of contributing to thrift”: an economical (or economic) use of electricity.
1.Complete the following sentences with the appropriate word from the list below.
economic economics economize
economical economist economy
A good manager is _________ in the use of his funds.
An __________ is a person who studies, teaches, or writes about economics.
An ___________ person saves money wherever possible.
By exercising strict ___________ he saved enough money to retire early.
By using _________ in buying food and clothes, we were soon able to save money for the new car we needed.
___________ is a social science concerning behavior in the fields of production, consumption, distribution, and exchange.
It is much more _________ to buy in bulk.
In times of difficulties we all have to _____________.
Nations experience different rates of ____________growth.
The country is in the period of __________ and industrial crises.
Reading I
1. Read the text and focus on the following points:
- the origin of economics,
- the subject of economics,
- the definitions of economics,
- its main branches.
Explain in a few words why it is important to study economics