Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

книги / 794

.pdf
Скачиваний:
11
Добавлен:
07.06.2023
Размер:
12.86 Mб
Скачать

II-6.

6.16. (2017.3)

( )

 

( )

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

: , www.netcraft.com,(2017 4 )

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586616

,(OECD, 2015b).( ). (Signal Private Messenger) (Threema)(WhatsApp) .32

OpenPGP( ,Pretty Good Privacy,

: ,) PET . Pretty Good Privacy . Fiskerstrand(2017) 1,100 PGP. (Snowden) PGP(2013 3 ), 2017 3 101,000 PGP( 6.17). .

PET (Tor, The Onion Router ) .33 6.18 (Tor)2013 .34200 ,100 . ,20% , , , ,

2017 OECD

311

II-6.

.

6.17. OpenPGP keys

OpenPGP keys

 

keys

keys ( )

 

 

 

 

: Kristian Fiskerstrand(sks-keyservers.net) (2017 6 ).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586635

6.18. (2011.9~2017.8)

6 000 000

5 000 000

4 000 000

3 000 000

2 000 000

1 000 000

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

: (Tor) , https://metrics.torproject.org(2017 8 ).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586654

312

2017 OECD

II-6.

, , .

.

(European Consumer Centers Network) 201382% (ECCN, 2015). "" , (Competition Markets Authority) 230 ( 285 )(CMA, 2015a). ..(ICPEN, 2016).

. ,..(EC, 2017).,. . 2014, 88% . 2016 104 3 (EC, 2017), 1~16%

(Valant, 2015).

. , . ,

(Frier Townsend, 2016). 2016 OECD (Recommendation of the Council on Consumer Protection in E-commerce)(OECD, 2016d) , "

, .”.OECD .

2017 OECD

313

II-6.

., ,. (Competition & Markets Authority)

2015 3 71%(CMA, 2015b)..(UKRN, 2016).

. (European Commission)

3 2(32%) (21%).

(ECME , 2013). 2014 , 30%(EC, 2014).

.

. 10,( 6.19).

(OECD, 2015a).

(ISC)2( ) 2014 340 5 2019 6%. , 46% ( )(CISO) (12%), (20%), (5%), (17%) ((ISC)2, 2015). . 2014, 2013 94,224 .. 2013 10,00011,000 .CISO.

314

2017 OECD

II-6.

. 2014 80,180 18%. 2013 2014 3% .

, 35(IAPP). IAPP 90 2012 10,0002016 26,000 .. EU 2018 5 25 GDPR.30,000~75,00036(Ashford, 2016a; 2016b). ,( 2 ).37

6.19.

100 = 2005

(ISC)² ( )

IAPP ( )

: (ISC2) . (IAPP).

: OECD(2015a), : OECD , http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264245471-en ;(ISC)2(2015), "2015(ISC)² ", https://www.boozallen.com/content/dam/boozallen/documents/Viewpoints/2015/04/frostsullivan-ISC2-global-information- security-workforce-2015.pdf; IAPP(2016), "IAPP-EY 2016", https://iapp.org/media/pdf/resource_center/IAPP-2016GOVERNANCE-SURVEY-FINAL2.pdf.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586673

,.

2017 OECD

315

II-6.

(18%) (37%) ( , 2014 ).38OECD. (Burning Glass) 2016( ) IT ( ) 33%(44%). 2014 4 ( 17,000 ). 2013(2013 1 3 ),2014 ( 6.20)., .

, . (ISC)2. 1), 2) 3)4) 3) .

6.20.

A.

B.

 

 

 

: (https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps.html(2015 10 ))

, / (Labor/Insight Jobs) (Burning Glass Technologies), 2015 10

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586692

, CISO.

316

2017 OECD

II-6.

. 2016 ( 21%, 37%, 39%, 49%). 2012(NCSA) (Symantec National Small Business Study)90% IT. 11%. 2016, 35% “IT ”.40 NCSA/ , 10%~30%. ,. . , IAPP(2016)250 151 .

이다.. (OECD, 2015a).. , ,.(PricewaterhouseCooper) CISO411) 2)3) . CISO(PwC, 2015). ,.

( ) . , 15%~30%. 2012 NCSA/, 29%. 2015 15%. 2014 2% .(2014)14% 12. 2016 (Klahr , 2016). 12

2017 OECD

317

II-6.

12%, 22%,38%, 62% .

, , .. , IAPP(2016)2016 415,000 2015277,000 50% . 170 , ( 35%)(27%)(38%) . 42, . .

. IAPP(Privacy Officers Network) Association française des correspondants à la protection des données à caractère personnel Asociación Profesional Española de Privacidad. , , , ,.

.

.OECD.43 2013 OECD(Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data) (OECD, 2013).44 .

, .

,.. . ICT 2015 ICT.

318

2017 OECD

II-6.

30% ( 6.21). / .( 1/3~ 2/3). ICT2015 ICT .

6.21. ICT (2015)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EU28

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

:

,

 

 

( ),

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/digital-economy-and-

society/data/comprehensive-database(2017 3 ).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933586711

2016. . . 2013(Economist Intelligence unit, 2013), . NCSA/ 20122013 .45

. ,.. 2015" " . " "

2017 OECD

319

II-6.

" " . 2012 NCSA/" " .2016 .

.

, ,, . .46., , ,, .

., ,. ,.(Greenaway, Zabolotniuk levin, 2012)..

Greenaway, Zabolotniuk levin(2012) . , .OECD 2015 10%~40% (

6.22). Greenaway, Zabolotniuk Levin(2012) "” .IT (Greenaway, Zabolotniuk Levin, 2012).. .

320

2017 OECD

Соседние файлы в папке книги