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- •Abstract
- •Highlights
- •Executive summary
- •Carbon capture, storage and utilisation play a critical role in achieving climate goals
- •Limiting the availability of CO2 storage would increase the cost and complexity of the energy transition
- •The effects would be felt across the energy system
- •Limiting CO2 storage would drive new power demand
- •Major technology shifts would be needed in industry
- •Synthetic hydrocarbon fuels would make inroads
- •Achieving net zero emissions would become more challenging
- •Findings and recommendations
- •CCUS technologies play a critical role in achieving climate goals
- •The implications of limiting CO2 storage would be felt across all sectors
- •The cost of the transition would increase
- •Demand for decarbonised power would grow
- •Major technology shifts would be needed in industry
- •Synthetic hydrocarbon fuels would make inroads
- •Carbon capture would retain a role with increased CO2 use
- •References
- •Policy recommendations
- •Technical analysis
- •1. Introduction
- •2. The role of CCUS in clean energy pathways
- •CCUS deployment today
- •The Clean Technology Scenario and CCUS
- •The role of CCUS in the industrial sector
- •The role of CCUS in fuel transformation
- •The role of CCUS in power generation
- •References
- •3. The implications if CO2 storage were limited
- •Is CO2 storage likely to be limited?
- •Exploring the implications of limiting CO2 storage
- •A shift in sectoral contributions
- •A sharp(er) decline in fossil fuel use
- •Greater electrification of end-use sectors
- •Changes in investment needs
- •Achieving net zero would become more challenging
- •In-depth analysis: Implications for the industrial sector of the LCS
- •A closer look at the iron and steel sector
- •A closer look at the cement sector
- •A closer look at the chemical sector
- •In-depth analysis: Implications for the fuel transformation sector in the LCS
- •CCU options in the fuel transformation sector
- •Energy impacts of CCU in the fuel transformation sector in the LCS
- •In-depth analysis: Implications for power generation in the LCS
- •In depth analysis: Implications for the buildings sector in the LCS
- •In-depth analysis: Implications for the transport sector in the LCS
- •References
- •4. Enabling policy and stakeholder actions
- •Accelerating CCUS deployment: A focus on CO2 storage
- •Supporting technological innovation
- •Improved integration of policy measures
- •References
- •General annexes
- •Annex I. Reference and Clean Technology Scenarios
- •Annex II. Energy Technology Perspectives modelling framework
- •Combining analysis of energy supply and demand
- •ETP-TIMES supply model
- •ETP-TIMES industry model
- •Global buildings sector model
- •Modelling of the transport sector in the MoMo
- •Overview
- •Data sources
- •Calibration of historical data with energy balances
- •Vehicle platform, components and technology costs
- •Infrastructure and fuel costs
- •Elasticities
- •Framework assumptions
- •Technology approach
- •References
- •Abbreviations and acronyms
- •Units of measure
- •Acknowledgements
- •Table of contents
- •List of figures
- •List of boxes
- •List of tables
Exploring Clean Energy Pathways: |
Findings and recommendations |
The role of CO2 storage |
|
References
IEA (International Energy Agency) (2019), The Future of Hydrogen: Seizing Today’s Opportunities, IEA, Paris, www.iea.org/hydrogen2019/.
PAGE | 15
IEA. All rights reserved.
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