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TABLE OF CONTENTS

7.1

The United Kingdom’s institutional structure for public RD&D............................

117

7.2

Government energy RD&D spending by category, 2011-17...............................

118

7.3

Public energy RD&D spending as a ratio of GDP in IEA countries, 2017 ..........

118

8.1

Electricity generation by source, 1973-2017 .......................................................

130

8.2

Electricity supply by source, 2017 .......................................................................

130

8.3

Electricity generation by source in IEA countries, 2017......................................

131

8.4

Electricity imports and exports by country, 1990-2017 .......................................

132

8.5

Monthly electricity generation by source, 2015-17..............................................

132

8.6

Electricity consumption (TFC) by consuming sector, 1973-2017 .......................

133

8.7

Electricity Market Reform ....................................................................................

134

8.8

Electricity transmission networks in the United Kingdom....................................

137

8.9CO2 intensity of power and heat generation in the United Kingdom and in

 

other selected IEA member countries, 2007-17..................................................

141

8.10 UK coal sector, 2018...........................................................................................

144

8.11 Electricity prices in GB, day-ahead baseload monthly average, 2010-18..........

146

8.12 Industry and household electricity prices in IEA countries, 2017 .......................

146

8.13 Electricity prices in selected IEA countries, 1973-2017......................................

147

8.14 New build capacity by fuel and technology in T-4 CM auctions .........................

152

9.1

Share of oil in different energy metrics, 1977-2017 ............................................

168

9.2

Crude oil supply by source, 1973-2017...............................................................

169

9.3

Crude oil imports by country, 1978-2017 ............................................................

169

9.4

Oil product imports and exports by country, 1978-2017 .....................................

170

9.5

Oil consumption by sector, 1977-2017................................................................

170

9.6

Oil demand by product, 2007 and 2017 ..............................................................

171

9.7

Oil fuel prices in IEA member countries, Q4 2018 ..............................................

172

9.8

UK refinery output, 2017......................................................................................

174

9.9

Map of oil infrastructure .......................................................................................

176

10.1Share of natural gas in production, TPES, electricity mix, and total final

 

energy consumption, 1977-2017.........................................................................

182

10.2

Natural gas supply by source, 1973-2017...........................................................

182

10.3

Natural gas imports and exports by country, 1990-2017 ....................................

184

10.4

Gas consumption by sector, 1973-2017..............................................................

184

10.5

United Kingdom natural gas infrastructure..........................................................

186

10.6Total Great Britain gas in storage, 2016 and 2017, compared to the prior

 

six year (6Y) average...........................................................................................

188

10.7 Natural gas price trends in selected IEA member countries, 1990-2018 ...........

191

10.8 Natural gas prices in IEA member countries, 2017.............................................

192

10.9 Gas supply and demand on a cold day and on a 1-in-20 peak gas day.............

194

10.10 UK gas demand, 15 February to 15 March 2018................................................

196

10.11 UK system average price (SAP), 15 February to 15 March 2018 ......................

197

Tables

 

2.1

Devolved administration.........................................................................................

19

4.1

Key RHI statistics (data to end of August 2018)....................................................

65

4.2

RHI budget and committed spend (GBP million) ...................................................

68

5.1

Overview of energy efficiency measures in the United Kingdom [TWh]................

85

5.2

Seven industrial decarbonisation and energy efficiency action plans ...................

95

6.1

Nuclear new build projects in the United Kingdom .............................................

106

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IEA. All rights reserved.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

7.1The United Kingdom’s investments (GBP million) in clean growth technology

 

2015-21................................................................................................................

119

8.1

Interconnectors of the United Kingdom................................................................

139

8.2

Installed electricity-generating capacity, 1995-2016 (MW)..................................

140

8.3

Operational and closed coal plants in the United Kingdom .................................

142

8.4

Ownership structure of generation (2016) ...........................................................

143

8.5

Evolution of peak demand (GW)..........................................................................

151

8.6

Cumulative new capacity (GW) for all power producers by fuel type ..................

151

8.7

Interruptions and customer minutes lost in distribution networks........................

154

10.1 UK operating gas storage sites, 2018..................................................................

188

Boxes

 

3.1

Climate Change Committee’s recommendations at a glance.................................

42

3.2

The UK climate policy and Brexit ............................................................................

44

3.3

EV market development..........................................................................................

46

4.1

Renewable energy for communities........................................................................

64

4.2

Industrial aspects of renewable energy policy ........................................................

66

5.1

Housing stock in the United Kingdom .....................................................................

88

7.1

Carbon capture, usage, and storage....................................................................

121

7.2

International leadership on innovation .................................................................

123

8.1Overview of the United Kingdom’s RIIO performance-based regulatory

framework.............................................................................................................

138

10

IEA. All rights reserved.

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