Eng / RESPIRATORY SYNDROME

KUBAN STATE MEDICAL

UNIVERSITY

RESPIRATORY

SYNDROME

Lecture for students of the 5th year of medical faculty

Acute respiratory diseases

characterized by a short incubation period, short fever and intoxication, lesions of various parts of the respiratory tract, mostly mild course and a tendency to self-resolve

The first group is actually acute respiratory viral infections

which includes:

•flu,

•parainfluenza,

•adenovirus infection,

•rhinovirus diseases,

•respiratory syncytial viral infection,

•enterovirus infection,

•picornavirus infection,

•coronavirus infection,

•reovirus infectioncytomegalovirus,

•respiratory mycoplasmosis

Proportion of prevalence of causative agents of acute respiratory viral infections

Patel, Janak A. Nasopharyngeal acute phase cytokines in viral upper respiratory infection / Janak A. Patel, S. Nair, Krystal Revai //

The Pediatric Infection Disease Journal. 2009. № 11. P. 1002–1007. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection [Electronic resource] / A.

Meneghetti. 2009. Mode of access: www.medscape.com. Date of access: 28.01.2010.

Second group

Includes

primary bacterial catarrh of the upper respiratory tract

secondary associative viralbacterial catarrhs complicating 0RVI

Third group

Самостоятельные нозологические формы:

•meningococcal infection (meningococcal nasopharyngitis),

•measles,

•polio,

•pappatachi fever, etc.

Respiratory damagewith influenza and SARS

Features of clinical forms

in acute respiratory viral infections

•Acute rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. Characteristic symptoms: sneezing, separation of mucus from the nose (rhinorrhea), impaired nasal breathing. The outflow of mucus along the back of the throat causes coughing.

•Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx. It is characterized by sudden sensations of perspiration and dryness in the throat, as well as pain when swallowing.

•Tonsillitis - local changes in the palatine tonsils of bacterial (usually streptococcal) and viral etiology. Characterized by intoxication, hyperemia and swelling of the tonsils, palatine arches, uvula, posterior pharyngeal wall, loose deposits in the gaps.

Features of clinical forms

in acute respiratory viral infections

•Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx involving the vocal cords and infraglottic space. The first symptoms are dry barking cough, hoarseness.

•Tracheitis is an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the trachea. Symptoms: soreness behind the sternum, dry cough.

•Bronchitis is the defeat of the bronchi of any caliber. The main symptom is a cough (at the beginning of the disease is dry, after a few days it is wet with an increasing amount of sputum). Sputum often has a mucous character, but on the 2nd week it may acquire a greenish tint due to the admixture of fibrin. Cough persists for 2 weeks or longer (up to 1 month) in diseases of adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, mycoplasma and chlamydial nature).