Eng / Meningeal syndrome
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MENINGEAL SYNDROME
Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious
Diseases
and Phthisiopulmonology
Blazhnaya L.P
MENINGEAL SYNDROME
Symptomоcomplex reflecting damage to the membranes of the brain and spinal cord of various origins
Causes of meningeal syndrome:
inflammation of the meninges
episubdural and subdural hematoma
subarachnoid hemorrhage
brain tumors
traumatic brain injury
common infectious diseases ( meningism - in the absence of an inflammatory process in the meninges).
Classification of meningeal syndrome
By severity:
Doubtful
Mild
Moderately pronounced Pronounced (with purulent meningitis)
By the presence of all characteristic symptoms:
Full
Incomplete
meningeal syndrome
Cerebral symptoms
Actually meningeal symptoms
Cerebral symptoms
-reaction of the nervous system to infection due to intoxication, cerebral edema, lesions of the meninges and impaired liquorodynamics
Caused by increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
The normal level of ICP in the supine position is -10-15 mm Hg (100-150 mm of water column)
Cerebral symptoms
Headache Nausea
Vomiting without relief convulsive syndrome
Violation of consciousness, up to its absence
Cerebral symptoms:
Headache
- the most constant and early symptom, which has an important diagnostic value, due
to:
involvement in the process of sympathetic innervation of the pia mater and
irritation of sensitive receptors of cerebral vessels as a result of increased intracranial
pressure
The headache grows rapidly, becomes diffuse, excruciating, pressing or bursting
The headache
diffuse, but can also be localized (more often in the forehead and nape);
increases with a change in body position and various exogenous influences.
Infants and young children may have a sharp sudden crying out in their sleep ("hydrocephalic scream").