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Enteroviral exanthema (epidemic exanthema, Boston exanthema, Berlin exanthema)
The main symptom of the disease is
maculopapular exanthema,
moderate intoxication,
increase in body temperature.
The rash appears at once on an unchanged background of the skin, can be quite diverse in morphology (spotted, maculopapular, punctate, hemorrhagic), persists for 1-2 days and disappears without a trace.
Hand, foot and mouth disease - HFMD
caused by Coxsackie A viruses (5th, 10th, 16th serotypes).
Characteristic
moderate intoxication and
increase in body temperature.
Damage to the skin of the hands and feet, the oral mucosa (at the same time a rash appears on the fingers and toes - spots, papules and vesicles with a diameter of 1-3 mm, surrounded by a halo of hyperemia.
Enanthema - vesicles on the mucous membrane of the cheeks and palatine arches, turning into erosion (herpangina)
May be associated with brain and heart damage
Hand, foot and mouth disease - HFMD
Skin manifestations are characterized by the appearance of blisters on the feet and hands. In some cases, the rash is accompanied by a rise in body temperature. The disease proceeds easily and ends on the 6-7th day.
Erosion in the oral cavity after the disappearance does not leave any traces.
Intestinal form (enteroviral diarrhea, gastroenteritis)
The onset is acute
increase in body temperature to 38-39°C.
Intoxication is not expressed, the condition is slightly disturbed.
Vomiting is a common symptom, often repeated (2-3 times)
abdominal pain, flatulence are possible
stool becomes more frequent up to 6-8 times a day, has an enteric character (liquid, watery).
Encephalic form (stem, cerebellar)
causes enterovirus type 71
The disease begins acutely
The body temperature rises to 39-40 ° C, chills, vomiting are noted.
Then there is a change in consciousness, convulsions, focal symptoms,
there may be stem disorders (disorder of swallowing, breathing and cardiovascular activity).
In the cerebrospinal fluid - slight cytosis, high protein content.).
Clinical symptoms were described as rhombencephalitis (lesions in the area of the bottom of the 4th ventricle) with the involvement of all centers located in this area: severe bulbar syndrome with impaired swallowing, phonation and respiratory disorders.
Encephalic form (stem, cerebellar).
The outcome is favorable with recovery within 2-4 weeks, without residual effects.
Children may have monoor hemiparesis.
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demyelinating type of changes in the structures of the central nervous system is characteristic, similar to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
Paralytic form (spinal)
caused by enterovirus 71,
begins with symptoms characteristic of other forms of EVI (respiratory, intestinal, etc.).
Clinically, it resembles the spinal form of poliomyelitis with the development of asymmetric flaccid paralysis without sensory disturbances.
more often, paresis develops acutely, among complete health, gait disturbance (limping), rotation of the foot, and muscle hypotension appear.
Reflexes on the side of the lesion are preserved or even increased.