КЛИШЕ ДЛЯ СОСТАВЛЕНИЯ РЕЗЮМЕ НАУЧНОГО ТЕКСТА

КЛИШЕ ДЛЯ СОСТАВЛЕНИЯ РЕЗЮМЕ НАУЧНОГО ТЕКСТА

The following clichés will help you to speak about the contents of any text you’ve read.

I

This The

text book article

is about deals with touches upon

(the)… the problem of… the question(s) of…

II

This			is of presents	much some great no	interest importance use	for those who	study are interested in etc.
The	problem question subject fact	considered discussed in question under consideration

III

The author

points out states makes it clear draws our attention to the fact

that…

IV

It is

necessary interesting important useful

to

bear in mind emphasize mention say

(in this connection)

that…

V

There are The author gives

some two (three) many

good and interesting useful

examples illustrating the…

or:

The examples given

in the text by the author

illustrate well enough the…

VI

It should be

realized made clear pointed out borne in mind mentioned

that…

VII

The author arrives at the following conclusions:…

or:

To sum up In conclusion

I’d like to say IV / VI / III

that…

ДЛЯ ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ СВОЕГО МНЕНИЯ:

• In my opinion,

• I (don’t) think / imagine / feel / believe (that)

• I (don’t) believe in

• Personally, I believe / think (that)

• If you ask me,

• It seems to me (that)

• In my view,

• As far as I’m concerned,

• To my mind,

• I feel very strongly that

• I am inclined to believe that

• I am absolutely convinced that

• I tend to think that

• I would suggest that

• I am totally opposed to

• I am totally in favour of

• I consider,

• It’s my view / my opinion that

• I agree with the idea that

• I (can’t / don’t) agree that

• I disagree with the idea that

• The way I see it…

• As I see it…

• I doubt whether…

ДЛЯ ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ МНЕНИЯ ДРУГИХ ЛЮДЕЙ:

• It is popularly believed that

• People often agree / claim / think that

• It is often alleged that… , but…

• Contrary to popular belief

ФРАЗЫ, ПЕРЕЧИСЛЯЮЩИЕ ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ И АСПЕКТЫ ОБСУЖДАЕМОЙ ПРОБЛЕМЫ В ПОРЯДКЕ ИХ ЗНАЧИМОСТИ

• In the first place

• First of all

• To start with

• To begin with

• Secondly

• Thirdly

• Finally

• Last, but not least

ФРАЗЫ, ДОБАВЛЯЮЩИЕ НОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОБСУЖДАЕМОЙ ПРОБЛЕМЕ

• In addition to this/that,

• Besides

• Also

• Apart from this/that

• Not to mention the fact that

ФРАЗЫ, ВЫРАЖАЮЩИЕ ПРИЧИНЫ, УТОЧНЯЮЩИЕ ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЕ

• because

• The reason why … is that

• What I like/dislike about … is …

• This would mean

• By doing this

• As a result of this

ФРАЗЫ, ПОДЧЁРКИВАЮЩИЕ КОНТРАСТ, СВЯЗЫВАЮЩИЕ РАЗЛИЧАЮЩИЕСЯ ИДЕИ

• It is argued that

• People argue that

• There are people who oppose

• Contrary to what most people believe

• Opponents of this way say

• However

• On the other hand

• In spite of

• Despite

• Even though

• Although

• Nevertheless

• Otherwise

• Yet

ФРАЗЫ, ПРИВОДЯЩИЕ ПРИМЕР, ДОКАЗАТЕЛЬСТВО ЛИБО АРГУМЕНТАЦИЮ

• For example

• For instance

• Such as

• Like

• Especially

• In particular

ЗАКЛЮЧИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ФРАЗЫ

• In conclusion

• On the whole

• To sum up

• All in all

• All things considered

• To put it in a nutshell

• Taking everything into account