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.pdfФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «САМАРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
Кафедра английской филологии
William Somerset Maugham
THE PAINTED VEIL
Учебно-методические указания для самостоятельной работы студентов 1 курса филологического факультета специальности «Английский язык и литература»
Самара
2012
Учебно-методические указания предназначены для самостоятельной работы студентов I курса филологического факультета специальности «Английский язык и литература» при подготовке к занятиям по домашнему чтению с книгой У.С.Моэма «Разрисованный занавес» (на английском языке).
Указания состоят из 13 секций, каждая из которых включает активный вокабуляр, упражнения, направленные на развитие коммуникативных умений и речевых навыков перевода. В конце каждой секции предлагаются вопросы и задания дискуссионного характера, которые помогут студентам самостоятельно подготовиться к обсуждению основных проблем произведения. В конце работы над книгой дается перечень тем, рекомендуемых для заключительного обсуждения книги.
Составители: ст.пр. Г.Н.Орехова, пр. Е.В.Копшукова
W.S. Maugham. (1874 – 1965)
Born in Paris in 1874, W.S. Maugham was the son of a solicitor to the British Embassy, the youngest of six brothers. William lived in Paris until he was ten, when he was sent to England under the care of his uncle, a clergyman. He was educated at King's school, Canterbury and at Heidelburg University, where he studied philosophy for a year. He returned to England to study medicine at St. Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth. He qualified in 1898.
The success of his first novel 'Liza of Lambeth', a story of the slums and Cockney life, published in 1897, won him over to letters. Something of his hospital experience, already reproduced in his first book, is reflected in his acknowledged masterpiece 'Of Human Bondage' (1915).
'Of Human Bondage' is not an autobiography, but an autobiographical novel. 'Fact and fiction are mingled, the emotions are my own, but not all the incidents are related as they happened and some of them are transferred to my hero not from my own life, but from that of persons with whom I was intimate. The book did for me what I wanted and when it was issued to the world I found myself free from pains and unhappy recollections that tormented me,' said Maugham.
With the publication of 'The Moon and Sixpence' in 1919 Maugham's reputation as a novelist was established. The book, inspired by the life of Paul Gauguin, tells the story of a man who sacrificed everything - family, home, reputation, health, life itselfto painting.
Maugham's favourites among his novels include: 'The Painted Veil' (1925), 'The Narrow Corner' (1932), 'Theatre' (1937), 'The Razor's Edge' (1944), which is the story of a man who surrendered wealth and the woman he loved in order to seek a faith. His search carried him from the bistros of Paris to the far, remote corners of India.
Simultaneously, his position as one of the most successful playwrights was being consolidated. At one point only Bernard Shaw had more plays running at the same time in London. His first play 'A Man of Honour' (1903) was given a short run, but it was with 'Lady Frederick' (1907) that he achieved success as a playwright. It was followed by 'The Tenth Man'(1910), 'The Circle' (1921), 'The Letter' (1927), 'For Services Rendered' (1932) and others presenting his vision of contemporary British life. After 'Sheppey' (1933) he gave up writing for the theatre.
His fame as a short story writer began with 'The Trembling of a Leaf', subtitled 'Little Stories of the South Sea Islands' in 1921, after which he published more than ten collections. The last one was 'The Creatures of Circumstances' which appeared in 1947. All of them demonstrate his brilliant mastery of form: an economical and exact rendition of place, often an interest for out-of-the-way and exotic parts of the world; and an equally economical skill in character portrayal and in realizing the crisis of the story. Some of the stories have been considered among the best in the language.
His other works include travel books, such as 'The Land of Blessed Virgin' (1905), 'On a Chinese Screen' (1922), 'Don Fernando' (1935), and essays, criticism and the autobiographical 'The Summing Up' (1938). In it are his reflections on what H.G.Wells called 'first and last things'. To Maugham they were just subjects that chiefly interested him during the course of his life. The personal view of life and art
can also be found in 'Strictly Personal' (1942), 'A Writer's Notebook' (1949) and 'Points of View' (1958). His experience in the British intelligence service during the First World War is used in his Ashenden stories.
By his own judgement Maugham was one of the leading 'second-rates'. Critics have praised his narrative skill and his merciless, anti-romantic powers of observation.
Maugham's fiction has little romance or idealism, for he takes a definitely pessimistic view of men and women. He makes no attempt to explain human nature, but only to expound its weakness. However, he leads his reader to ask questions about good and evil, reward and punishment, justice and unjustice. While avoiding all obvious ethical judgement and mocking the narrowness of too easy moral solutions, Maugham stands up for proper respect being paid to any individual and to his chances for fulfilment.
In 1927 W.S. Maugham settled in the South of France and lived there until his death in 1965.
'The Painted Veil' is probably the only novel W.S.Maugham based on a story rather than a character. Maugham gives a modern setting to the curious plot, which was suggested by a few lines of Dante. Detected in an affair with the assistant Colonial Secretary of Hong Kong, Kitty Fane is forced by her husband, a bacteriologist, to accompany him to the heart of a cholera epidemic. In the course of this harsh penance she learns the true meaning of love, but her discovery comes too late.
W. S. Maugham
Looking Back On Eighty Years
In my long life I have seen many changes in our habits and customs.
The world I entered when at the age of eighteen I became a medical student was a world that knew nothing of planes, motor-cars, movies, radio or telephone. When I was still at school a lecturer came to Canterbury and showed us boys a new machine which reproduced the human voice. It was the first gramophone. The world I entered was a world that warmed itself with coal fires, lit itself by gas and paraffin lamps, and looked upon a bathroom as a luxury out of the reach.
On Sundays the muffin man made his rounds ringing his melancholy bell and people came out of their door to buy muffins and crumpets for afternoon tea.
It was a very cheap world. When I entered St Thomas's Hospital I took a couple of furnished rooms for which I paid 18s a week. My landlady provided me with a solid breakfast before I went to the hospital and high tea when I came back at half-past six, and the two meals cost me about 12s a week. I was able to live very comfortably, pay my fees, buy my necessary instruments, and clothe myself.
I had enough money to go to the theatre at least once a week. The pit, to which I went, was not the orderly thing it is now. There were no queues. The crowd collected at the doors, and when they were opened there was a struggle, with a lot of pushing and elbowing and shouting to get a good place. But that was part of the fun.
Travelling was cheap, too, in those days. When I was twenty I went to Italy by myself for the six weeks of the Easter vacation. I went to Pisa and spent a wonderful month in Florence; then I went to Venice and Milan and so back to London.
I spent five years at St Thomas's Hospital. I was an unsatisfactory medical student, for my heart was not in it. I wanted, I had always wanted, to be a writer, and in the evening, after my tea, I wrote and read.
I wrote a novel, called Liza of Lambeth, sent it to a publisher, and it was accepted. It appeared during my last year at the hospital and had something of a success. It was of course an accident, but naturally I did not know that. I felt I could afford to chuck medicine and make writing my profession; so three days after passing the final examinations which gave me my medical qualifications, I set out for Spain to learn Spanish and write another book. Looking back now, after these years, and knowing as I do the terrible difficulties of making a living by writing, I realize that I was taking a fearful risk. It never occurred to me. I abandoned the medical profession with relief, but I do not regret the five years I spent at the hospital, far from it.
They taught me pretty well all I know about human nature, for in a hospital you see it in the raw. People in pain, people in fear of death, do not try to hide anything from their doctor, and if they do he can generally guess what they are hiding.
The next ten years were very hard. I did not follow up my first success with another. I wrote several novels, only one of which had any merit, and I wrote a number of plays which managers more or less promptly returned to me.
Then I had a bit of luck. The manager of the Court Theatre, Sloane Square, put on a play that failed. He read a play of mine, called Lady Frederic, and thought he did not much like it, thought it might just run for the six weeks. It ran for fifteen months.
I had four plays running in London at the same time.
Nothing of the kind had ever happened before, and the papers made a great to-do about it. If I may say it without immodesty, I was the talk of the town. One of the students at St Thomas's Hospital asked the eminent surgeon with whom I had worked as a "dresser" whether he remembered me. "Yes, I remember him quite well," he said. "Very sad. Very sad. One of our failures I'm afraid."
W.S.Maugham. The Painted Veil.
Section I (Chapters 1-7)
1.Read Chapters 1-7 paying attention to the usage of the active vocabulary. Learn the active words and word-combinations. Reproduce the situations in which they are used in the text:
• notwithstanding
• to give a startled cry
• to catch one's breath
• to faint; fainting-fit; a dead faint;
• to pull oneself together
• to stand smth.; to stand the heat (strain); to stand the test of time;
• to be conscious of smth.; to lose / regain / recover consciousness;
• to count on smb.; It's not the words that count but deeds.
• to put on airs; to put on weight;
• to reconcile oneself to
• to be of no consequence; in consequence of;
• to kick up a row
• to hold oneself erect
• to despise smb
• odds and ends
2.Transcribe the flg. words. Read them aloud. Make sure you know their meanings:
distraught, parsimonious, obsequious, pusillanimous, verandah, caress(ing), eligible, wisened.
3.Give synonyms: to tremble, faint, glance, bare, pain.
4.Give antonyms: tight, sweet, to submit, to deny.
5.Complete the sentences using your active vocabulary:
•She slipped into a dressing-gown and in her bare feet went over to the window, but suddenly ...
•She leaned a little towards him, her dark and shining eyes gazing passionately into his and ...
•Oh, how hateful it was that ...
•Of course, no one could deny that ...
•He was a stranger to them, but ...
•The strange thing was that ...
•The girl looked at all those ...
•Her heart beat a little faster as she ...
6. Speak on the flg. points:
•The interrupted date.
•Kitty's meditations on her life and love after Charlie's departure.
•The appearance of Kitty's mother.
•The atmosphere of hypocrisy and deception that reigned in Kitty's family.
•Kitty's father - a stranger in the family, a tired, dejected man.
Section II (Chapters 8-13)
1.Read Chapters 8-13 paying attention to.the usage of the active vocabulary. Learn the active words and word-combinations. Reproduce the situations in which they are used in the text:
• to be at a loss
• to set hopes on smb.
• to depend on smb./ smth.
• to give a catch at the heart
• to suspect smb. of smth. (murder, deceit, treachery)
• to accord with
• to propose to smb.
• to inspire smb. with confidence
• heirs to a title
• to be on leave
• to be bored to death
• for smb's sake
• to speak with the tongue in the cheek
• an odd creature
• to confide in smb.
• to enjoy smb's confidence
• anxiety; to be (feel) anxious about smth
2.Transcribe the flg. words. Read them aloud. Make sure you know their meanings:
admirable, exquisite, mobile, impenetrable, strenuous, tremulously, inexplicably, boudoir, antecedent.
3.Give synonyms: charming, desire, affection, to wait, to strike, stupid, frankly, odd, to offer.
4.Give antonyms: silent, shy, painful, vague, tender, lively.
5.Translate the flg. word-combinations and sentences into Russian:
•natural secretiveness
•contemptuous tolerance
•extremely considerate
•devastating passion
•singular persistence
•But she liked to please, so she looked at him with that dazzling smile of hers and her beautiful eyes, dewy ponds under forest trees, held an enchanting kindness.
•Supposing, she did not marry at all?
•She didn't know why he came to dances, he did not dance very well and he seemed to know few people.
•It was strange when you couldn't help being conscious of the devastating passion which was in his heart.
•He treated her not as Kitty had seen most men treat their wives, but as though she were a fellow guest in a country house.
•They had a tenderness which she had never seen in them before, but there was something beseeching in them, like a dog's that had been whipped, which slightly exasperated her.
6. Translate into English:
•Он был очень странным созданием, и у Китти замирало сердце, когда она думала об их жизни в этом далеком китайском городе.
•Она его совсем не любила и не понимала, почему колебалась и не отказала ему сразу же.
•Никто прежде не делал ей предложение так серьезно и даже трагично.
•Она знала, что будет пользоваться его доверием, и это вселяло в нее определенную уверенность.
•Китти говорила насмешливо, и Уолтер не мог понять, принято его предложение или нет.
7. Speak on the flg. points:
•The frustration of Mrs. Garstin's hopes.
•Kitty's appearance and her sudden marriage.
•Kitty's acquaintance with Walter Fane.
•Kitty's meditations over the prospects of marriage.
•Walter's proposal.
•Kitty - a fellow guest in a country house.
•Walter's traits of character that made him not an easy person to deal with.
Section III (Chapters 14-20)
1.Read Chapters 14-20 paying attention to the usage of the active vocabulary. Learn the active words and word-combinations. Reproduce the situations in which they are used in the text:
• to be on the defensive
• to go all to pieces
• to resent smth (doing smth.); to harbour (cherish) resentment against smb.
• one can't help doing smth
• to accuse smb of smth
• to persuade smb of smth; persuasion
• to tease smb
• to play the harp; a harpist; to harp on one's success (troubles)
• to prevent from doing smth. Prevention is better than cure.
• to worship smb.
2.Transcribe the flg. words. Read them aloud. Make sure you know their meanings:
condescention, adorable, variety, connivance, yield
3. Give synonyms: to stroll, delightful, smart, jovial, obstacle, discreet.
4.Give antonyms: deep, convenience, firm, nervous.
5.Translate the flg. word-combinations and sentences into Russian:
• the sense of hostility;
• a raging beauty;
• a sullen face;
• He never let red tape interfere with him.
• She saw his point of view, no one wanted a scandal, and, of course, it required a good deal of thinking over before you changed the course of your life; but if freedom were thrust upon them, ah, then how simple everything would be.
• A thrill of pride passed through her, and at the same time a faint sensation of contempt for a man who could love so slavishly.
• If he had not said charming things to her, his eyes, warm with admiration, would have betrayed him.
6.Correct the flg. statements:
•She felt awkward sitting next to Charlie and the sense of hostility filled her heart.
•It was supposed that colonial secretary would retire soon and everyone hoped that Fane would succeed him.
•She shook hands with him on leaving.
•And when Charlie became her lover the situation between herself and Walter seemed quite natural.
•There is no difference between a girl of twenty-five and a married woman.
•Charlie and Kitty tried to manage their intrigue with skill, but it was impossible.
•It was deep love that held Charlie and Dorothy together.
•Kitty was afraid that Walter would make a scene and divorce her at once.
7. Speak on the following points:
•Kitty’s acquaintance with Charlie.
•The beginning of their love-affair.
•A skilful intrigue.
•Kitty’s decision to leave Walter.
•Walter’s attitude to Kitty after the exposure of their love-affair.
•Kitty’s visit to the shop.