Телекоммуникационные системы

202

- * , -

,

. n*E1

SDH ,

, -

.

.

IP-

,

. ,

.

-

, -

, . -

. -

2\10\100\1000 . .

8.3. .

-

. -

( , , ) -

: , ,

, ,

. -

, -

.

“ ”, . -

. -

“ - , , -

-

”. :

-( ) –

-( ) – ,

-– ,

( ,

.)

-( ) – , -

.

203

, -

, -

, ( ,

.), ( , , )

( , -

).

, -

( )

, -

, -

.

,

), .

(DSL, .) -

- . , -

, ),

). ,

- -

, (

, .). -

. -

. , -

:

( )- ( )-

).

, ,

.

, , -

, ( 10, 100 )

, ,

.

-

. -

( ) .

, -

-

-

. , -

,

. , , -

,

.

204

,

:

1.( ). ,

1984 . -

,

:

-, -

( ), -

, -

,

.

--

“ -

” - ” ”. -

, ,

-, -

,

( – , IP- , DNS). IP

, ( ) ( -

).

2.:

--

( ).

( , , -

). , , -

, .

) (CSMA/CD, .) -

,

.)

QoS ( ) (MPLS .),

-

. ,

-,

, -

. -

, .

, , .

205

-

, “ ” - “ ”.

-

.

:

1.“ ” -

.

2. .

“ ” .

-

– -

. , -

. -

SDH( 8.3).

N*E1

STM-1

STM-N

STM-1

8.3 - -SDH

E1, E3, STM-1

( ) -

. ,

) ( ).

, ( ).

-

.

,

1.55 0.2 25 . -

( ~ 25 )

.

2-10 /c -

50-100 .

206

: STM-1 (155 /c), STM-4 (622 /c), STM-16 (2.5 /c), STM-64 (10 /c).

,

.

-

, -

.

(

( 8.4)).

N

8.4 - WDM

,

, . -

WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing), -

STM .

N, STM-64,

80. -

(800 ).

, -

( 2 24 ).

.

. x.25, Frame Relay, IP,

ATM, MPLS,DPT

208

3

8.7 MPLS – IP

Mi LSRLabel Switching Router, -

.

. -

LSR. LSR - -

. -

(OSPF, BGP .), , -

.

MPLS -

. -

. FEC,

, ,

LSR. -

, .

QoS FEC -

.

MPLS -

QoS .

, RSVPResource Reservation Protocol. RSVP –

, ,

,

, .

QoS

209

.

MPLS RSVP

. , MPLS -

, RSVP .

, MPLS-IP ATM –

. MPLS -

:

1.IP - MPLS -

.

2.ATM ,

.

3., ATM -

, , QoS, -

IP-MPLS MPLS, RSVP .

NGN – Next Generation Networks – . -

NGN:

,

, , -

, .

-

.

, , , -

NGN. NGN -

:

( -

, );

, -

;

, ;

-

(Ethernet, V.35+PPP, PDH, ATM .);

.

NGN -

( 8.8).

, – -

. - -

.

210

8.8 NGN

,

.

(softswitch), -

-

.

NGN IP – .

, NGN -

( 8.9).

TCP/IP.