Экзамен зачет учебный год 2023 / [Andreas_Fllesdal,_Birgit_Peters,_Geir_Ulfstein]-1

Brighton Conference on, 7 circumstances in which doctrine may

be evoked, 69–78 competing rights and freedoms,

balancing, 77–8 criticisms of, 78–82

cultural values, recognition/rejection of, 97–103

defined, 62

derogating measures, in context of, 65

development of, in ECtHR jurisprudence, 65–8

dynamic interpretation versus, 89, 113–15, 121, 125, 188

European consensus, lack of, 87–9, 99–100

fact-finding and ascertaining facts, 69–70

general principle, as 82–4 human rights norms, evaluating,

71–4 inconsistency of, 79–80

individual rights and public interests, balancing, 74–7

national implementation of ECHR rights and, 186–8, 247–50, 260

national law, appraisal of, 70–1 national sovereignty concerns and,

13, 63, 94–5 nature of, 82–7

policy standard, as 86–7 procedural issues and, 51 progressive jurisprudence,

willingness of ECtHR to develop, 2

proportionality, principle of, 188 rule of law, corrosive effect on, 80 secondary order principle, as 84–5 subjective and relativist standards,

introduction of, 81 subsidiarity and, 90–3, 399 substantive dimensions of, 94–103 tyranny of the majority and, 96–7,

101, 123, 397 Martinico, Giuseppe, 238

Member States and ECtHR, 6–8, 20–1. See also margin of appreciation

doctrine; national implementation of ECHR rights

Bosphorus doctrine, 310–12, 332 co-respondent mechanism, 325–31,

398

CoM voting rights, 319–20

judges nominated by, 266–7, 302–3 military operations of UN,

responsibility for, 359–60 sovereignty concerns, 13.

See also national sovereignty ‘translation’ problem, 48–50, 53–4 UN actions, responsibility for,

340–1

military operations of UN, 347–66 attribution or imputation of responsibility, 351–9 constitutional requirement of

Security Council control, 360 ECtHR jurisdiction ratione personae

under Article 1 ECHR, 361–6 effective control doctrine, 350–7 member states, responsibilities of,

359–60 responsibility for, 349–61

Milton, John, 204

minority protections from tyranny of majority, 96–7, 101, 123, 397 Moldavian Republic of Transdniestria,

158 Moldova

Article 46 judgments against, 168 pilot judgment procedures involving,

163

Monaco, legal representation in, 48 Montesquieu, Charles-Louis 263 moral reading of ECHR, 122–5, 397 Mowbray, Alastair, 78–82

national enforcement of international directions or orders, 367–87

EU, in 367–8

extra-territorial jurisdiction of ECtHR over, 361–6, 392, 398

failure of UN to properly provide for, 368–9

freezing orders, 372–87 travel bans, 369–72

national implementation of ECHR rights, 22, 181–262, 397–8.

See also specific countries autonomous concepts doctrine and,

189–90

CJEU, efforts to create general interpretative guidelines by, 49

dynamic interpretation and, 185–6, 188, 190–2, 259

issues, principles, and doctrines involved in, 182–90

judges, importance of, 259

margin of appreciation and, 186–8, 247–50, 260

matters not explicitly resolved by ECtHR, 250–5

multilateral relationship between national courts, 259–62 proportionality, principle of, 188,

228, 260, 398–9

tort remedies for violations, 255–9 unfair domestic legal proceedings,

remedies in, 152–7 national sovereignty

accession of EU to ECHR and, 320, 331 margin of appreciation and, 13, 63,

94–5

Member State concerns regarding, 13 pilot judgment procedure and, 166 procedural issues and, 53

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty

Organisation), 10, 353 Netherlands

judges, nomination of, 267 UN military operations,

responsibility for, 360 Neuberger of Abbotsbury, Lord, 261 non-disclosure of investigative files, 174 non-judicial rapporteurs, 33–5 Normal Justification Thesis, 127 North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

(NATO), 10, 353 Norway

Kosovo, responsibility for UN military operations in, 360

national implementation of ECHR rights in, 183, 197–202, 206, 260

Nußberger, Angelika, 239

O’Boyle, Michael, 57 Öcalan, 363

open textured norms, 72

PACE. See Parliamentary Assembly of Council of Europe

pacta sunt servanda, 136 Papier, Hans-Jürgen, 236

Parliamentary Assembly of Council of Europe (PACE)

budget of ECtHR, role in, 291, 293 implementation of ECtHR

judgments, role in, 264, 276, 278–89

judges, election of, 264–75 relationship with ECtHR and CoM,

264, 288, 299–300, 394–5 peacekeeping activities of UN, 343–7

general principles of, 343–4 judicial protections for disputes

arising from, 337

organs of UN, peacekeepers as, 344–5

responsibility for injuries caused by, 345–7

Permanent International Court of Justice (PICJ)

property, restitution of, 149 unfair domestic legal proceedings,

on 154

Peters, Birgit, viii, 1, 389

pilot judgment procedure, 161–6, 391, 396

Poiares Maduro, Luis Miguel, 185, 375 Poland

filtering under Protocol 14, 33–4 legal representation in, 48

pilot judgment procedures involving, 162

repetitive cases, 41 Polliciono, Oreste, 238 Porat, Iddo, 94, 104

Portugal, legal representation in, 48 Pourgourides, M. Christos, 286 principles, Court obligation of

consistency of, 140

prior involvement mechanism, 313–17, 320, 328, 331–2, 398

priority policy, 42–3, 57, 391. procedural issues, 20–1, 25–61 See also Protocol 14

additional chambers, plan to add, 35

admissibility criteria, 36–8, 51–3, 55–9, 391

advisory opinions, 48–50 committee form, decision of cases

in, 53 context of, 25

de minimis rule, 391, 396

fees, proposal to introduce, 46–7 filtering, 33–5, 50–1, 57

Group of Wise Persons Report (2007) on, 30–2, 57

inconsistency of case law, 53–4, 60 Interlaken, Izmir and Brighton

Declarations, 43–54 legal representation, 47–8

legitimacy problems and, 54–61 nature of court and, 58–9 priority policy, 42–3, 57, 391, 396 repetitive cases, 25, 38–42 Satellite Offices, proposal to

establish, 30

significant disadvantage, new admissibility ground of, 36–8

statute, creation of, 44–6 subsidiarity principle, application of,

51–3, 60 substantive issues and, 26

Woolf Report (2005) proposals, 27, 57 property, restitution of, 149–52 proportionality, principle of, 10–12,

19–20, 188, 228, 260, 398–9 Protocol 14

additional chambers, plan to add, 35 entry into force (2010), 27

filtering, 33–5 priority policy and, 43 purpose of, 27 repetitive cases, 38–42

significant disadvantage, new admissibility ground of, 36–8

structural sense of subsidiarity and, 92 public interests and individual rights,

balancing, 74–7

ratification of ECHR. See accession of EU to ECHR

Raz, Joseph, 127–9

release of detainees, 157–60 remedies, 22, 142–80, 397

Article 46 judgments, 161, 166–71 damages, pecuniary and non-

pecuniary, 147–8

exhaustion of domestic remedies, 53, 332

IACtHR, of 22, 172–7 increasingly prescriptive and

expansive approach of Court to, 142–3, 145–9, 178–80

legal basis for, 143–8 non-disclosure of investigative files,

for 174

pilot judgment procedure, 161–6, 391, 396

property, restitution of, 149–52 purpose of, 142

release of detainees, 157–60 repetitive cases due to lack of

effective local remedies, 39 restitutio in integrum, 143, 145, 179 serious, systematic human rights

violations, for 171–7 subsidiarity. principle of, 152–7,

177–8, 400

systemic and structural violations of ECHR, for 161–71

tort remedies for violations of ECHR rights, national implementation of, 255–9

unfair domestic legal proceedings, in 152–7

repetitive cases, 25, 38–42 res judicata, 15

Resolution (97)9 on status and conditions of service of ECtHR judges, 296–8

restitutio in integrum, 143, 145, 179 Romania

filtering under Protocol 14, 33–4 legal representation in, 48

pilot judgment procedures involving, 162, 164

repetitive cases, 41

Rozakis, Christos, 121 rule of law, 10–12, 80, 359 Russia

approval of Protocol 14 and, 27, 44 court fees in, 46

filtering under Protocol 14, 33–4 legal representation in, 48 national implementation of ECHR

rights in, 183, 202–3, 239–42, 260–1

pilot judgment procedures involving, 163

repetitive cases, 39–40, 47, 56 serious, systematic human rights

violations, remedies for, 171, 173–4

Ryssdal, Rolv, 188

Sadurski, W., 97 Sands, Philippe, 203 Satellite Offices, 30

Scotland, national implementation of ECHR rights in, 182–3,

243–6

Shelton, D., 171, 175

‘Should states ratify human rights conventions?’ research project, xi

significant disadvantage, new admissibility ground of, 36–8

Simpson, A. W. Brian, 260 single judge procedure, 33–5

Slovakia, legal representation in, 48 Slovenia

Article 46 judgments against, 169 legal representation in, 48

sovereignty. See national sovereignty Spain

Andorra, responsibility for administration of justice in, 351

legal representation in, 48 Spielmann, Dean, 76

states parties. See member states and ECtHR

statute, procedural, creation of, 44–6 Steering Committee for Human Rights

(CDDH), 44–7, 50–1, 279 Stone Sweet, Alec, 181, 206, 259, 389

structural/institutional dimension of subsidiarity and margin of appreciation, 92–3

structured balancing, 74 subsidiarity, principle of, 7, 10–12,

16–17, 51–3, 60, 90–3, 152–7, 177–8, 315, 331, 399

Sweden

filtering under Protocol 14, 34 legal representation in, 48

Switzerland

court fees in, 46

Interlaken Conference organised by, 44

legal representation in, 48

targeted sanctions of UN, 337 Timmermans, Christian, 314, 316, 321 Tomuschat, Christian, ix, 24, 181, 190,

334, 392, 400

tort remedies for violations of ECHR rights, 255–9

‘translation’ problem, 48–50, 53–4 travel bans, 369–72

Turkey

Article 46 judgments against, 168–9 extra-territorial jurisdiction of ECHR

over actions of, 363 filtering under Protocol 14, 33–4 repetitive cases, 39–40, 47, 56 serious, systematic human rights

violations, remedies for, 171, 174

TRNC (Turkish Republic of

Northern Cyprus), responsibility for troop actions in, 354–5

tyranny of the majority, 96–7, 101, 123, 397

Ukraine

filtering under Protocol 14, 33–4 legal representation in, 48

pilot judgment procedures involving, 163

repetitive cases, 39–40, 47, 56 Ulfstein, Geir, ix, 1, 389

ultra vires doctrine, 394–5

unfair domestic legal proceedings, remedies in, 152–7

United Kingdom

accession of EU to ECHR, objections to, 319–20

Article 46 judgments against, 169 common law, development of rights

in, 203–4

extra-territorial jurisdiction of ECHR over actions of, 364–6

municipal margin of appreciation, rejection of, 187

national implementation of ECHR rights by, 187

changes in, 182–3

dynamic interpretation, 193–4, 203, 206–19, 243–6, 260

margin of appreciation, 187, 247–50, 260

multilateral relationship between national courts, 260–2

proportionality, 260 tort remedies, 255–9

pilot judgment procedures involving, 163, 165–6

remedies used by ECtHR, criticism of, 166, 177

travel bans, on 371

UN peacekeepers as organs of UN, on 346

United Nations and ECtHR, 4, 24, 334–88, 392. See also military operations of UN; national enforcement of international directions or orders; peacekeeping activities of UN

blacklists, 338 extra-territorial jurisdiction of

ECtHR and, 361–6, 392, 398 freezing orders, 372–87

harm, UN actions capable of causing, 338–66

human rights protections, 338–43 international organisations and

ECtHR generally, 9–10, 334–5 judicial protections against UN,

335

no withdrawal from ratification of covenants, 107

staff disputes, resolution of, 335–7

targeted sanctions, 337 travel bans, 369–72

United States Supreme Court fees, 46

judicial deference and judicial restraint, 65

racial equality judgments, implementation of, 41

van Emmerik, Michiel, 55 Venice Commission, 46–7

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 18, 86, 242

Vitruk, N. V., 240

Voßkuhle, Andreas, 219, 233, 236, 259, 261

Waismann, Friedrich, 72

Waldock, Humphrey, 63

Weiler, Joseph H. H., 187 Wildhaber, Luzius, 58, 61, 186,

272

Wise Persons Report (2007), 30–2, 57, 295

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 84 Woolf Report (2005), 27, 57

Working Party on Fundamental Rights, Citizens Rights and Free Movement of Persons (FREMP), 318, 320

Zimnenko, B. L., 240

Zorkin, Valery, 183, 240–1