Упражнение 13. Определите части речи по суффиксам и префиксам.

encode, capacity, disintegrate, emission, widen, intensive, in­credible, defence, stranger, reality, strengthen, fulfilment, inde­structible, amplification, substance, entirely, vaporize.

Упражнение 14. Назовите производные от следующих слов, переведите, limit, transmit, approximate, success, science, relate.

Упражнение 15. Найдите русскому слову соответствующее английское.

устанавливать — installment, installation, install; различие, разница — differ, difference, different; распадаться — disintegrator, disintegration, disintegrate; применимый — application, applicable, apply; укреплять — strong, strength, strengthen; эффективно — efficient, efficiency, efficiently; усилитель — amplification, amplifier, amplify.

Упражнение 16. Найдите:

а) синонимы

rapidly, sophisticated, to conduct, demand, almost, quickly, to carry out, approximately, opportunity, requirement, also, use, to fulfill, complex, as well, to realize, application, possibility;

б) антонимы

further, integrate, cooling, outside, powerless, uncontrolled, limited, disintegrate, nearer, capable, limitless, controlled, inca­pable, powerful, heating, inside.

Упражнение 17. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на много­значность слов таке и light.

What makes a soap bubble (мыльный пузырь) rise and fall. If a soap bubble does not break at once, it will begin to fall. Why? To explain this, we must remember a balloon which is filled with hot air. It rises for some time and then it falls again. A balloon rises be­cause the hot air inside it is lighter than the air round it, and as it is lighter, it must rise. When the air inside a balloon cools, the weight of the balloon itself makes it fall. A soap bubble is really a little bal­loon filled with hot air. This air is much lighter than the air outside. It can carry the weight of the water which makes the skin of the soap bubble. But this cannot last for a long time, because the skin of the soap bubble is very thin. The bubble becomes as cool as the air around it and it begins to fall. It is interesting to know that the early experiments with balloons were based on soap bubbles.

Упражнение 18. Переведите.

There is a large garage on Seventh Street that provides work for eleven men. There is one man who meets the customers. There are two other men who take care of batteries. There is another man who washes cars. There are three other men who sell gas and oil. There is another man who repairs timers. There are two men who work with engines and there is one man who sells tires. There is no better place for automobile service.

Упражнение 19. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола to be.

Упражневне 21. Прочитайте и переведите без словаря.

То understand why light from the laser is so concentrated, you must know that light travels in waves. Ordinary white light is made up of many wavelengths travelling in every direction. Laser light is essentially of one wavelength, with all the waves moving in one di­rection. Because the laser wavelengths intensify each other, they can remain in an unbelievably straight beam for a long distance. Al­most any substance can be forced to «lase» if you work hard enough with it. Gas lasers give off continuous beams of light. Tiny semi­conductor lasers may be especially useful in computers for trans­mitting signals to replace the use of cables. Many lasers can give off invisible radiation, either infrared or ultraviolet.

CONVERSATION

Exercise 1. Answer the questions.

1. What is a laser? (a device producing an intensive beam of light) 2. What is its principle of operation? (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) 3. What light is produced by a la­ser? (light of pure single colour) 4. What can be done by means of a laser? (vaporizing the hardest materials) 5. What materials can be treated with a laser? (practically any material and any substance)

6. What is the most promising use of lasers? (the use in all kinds of communication) 7. What prevents putting into effect the projects to use lasers more widely in space? (great technological difficulties and great cost involved)

Exercise 2. Make a sentence out of the two parts.

1. A laser can find

2. It is very interesting to com­bine

3. There is an idea

4. In this case a laser beam

5. The light capacity in a laser in­stallation should be dozens of times greater

6. To develop such a laser system in practice

7. Scientists and engineers must work

1. must heat the fuel to the re­quired temperature very quickly.

2. very wide application.

3. hard to overcome numerous technological difficulties.

4. is not an easy task.

5. to use a laser for solving the problem of controlled thermonu­clear reaction.

6. laser and thermonuclear reac­tion to produce a limitless source of energy.

7. than the capacity of all the world’s power plants.