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Exercise 129. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.

1.”Why did our team lose the game?” said Vera. “It has always been very strong.” 2. “Where have you put my book, Mary?” said Tom. “I cannot find it.” 3. “Whom are you waiting for, boys?” asked the man. 4. “Which of you can answer my question?” the teacher asked the pupils. 5. She said to me: “How long are you going to stay in the country?” 6. He asked me: “When will you go to the canteen?” 7. I said to Nick: “Where are you going?” 8. I said to him: “How long will it take you to get there?” 9. They asked him: “What time does the train start?” 10. Ann said to Mike: “When did you leave London?” 11. She said to Boris: “When will you be back home?” 12. Boris said to them: “How can I get to the railway station?” 13. He said to her: “Where do you usually spend your summer holiday?” 14. Mother said to me: “Who has brought this parcel?” 15. I said to Becky: “What kind of book has your friend brought you?” 16. I asked my uncle: “How long did you stay in Crimea?” 17. She asked me: “Why didn’t you come here yesterday?” 18. Mary asked Tom: “What time will you come here tomorrow?” 19. She asked me: “What will you do tomorrow if you are not busy at your office?” 20. She asked me: “How much did you pay for it?”

Exercise 130. Translate into English.

1. Они спросили меня, когда начинается мой рабочий день. 2. Он спросил, какую музыку любят мои друзья. 3. Мы спросили его, кто из его друзей знает два иностранных языка. 4. Журналисты спросили писателя, над какой книгой он работает. 5. Она спросила меня, где я была вчера. 6. Они спросили моего друга, как он провёл летние каникулы. 7. Я спросила её, где ей сшили пальто. 8. Я спросила него, какие французские книги он прочитал за последнее время. 9. Друзья спросили его, куда он ездил в прошлое воскресенье. 10. Родители спросили нас, что мы собираемся делать летом. 11. Жена спросила, почему он не купил хлеб. 12. Мы спросили преподавателя, как мы сдали экзамен. 13. Она спросила его, когда он видел Лену в последний раз. 14. Они спросили меня, когда я позвоню своим родителям. 15. Я спросила его, когда он собирается закончить эту работу.

Перевод в косвенную речь восклицательных предложений

При переводе в косвенную речь восклицательных предложений их структура меняется в зависимости от того, является ли оно по форме утвердительным предложением, общим вопросом, просьбой в соответствии с правилами, общими

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для этих типов предложения. При этом вводятся дополнительные обстоятельства, которые уточняют характер восклицания, т.е. выражает оно радость, печаль, удивление, возмущение и т.д. В качестве глаголов, вводящих косвенную речь, часто употребляются эмоционально окрашенные глаголы или глагольно-адвербиальные сочетания: вместо нейтрального глагола to ask глаголы to implore, to beg – просить, умолять; для выражения удивления – сочетания to ask in surprise, to cry in surprise и т.д.

“Why, what a wonderful piece of luck!” he cried.

He cried joyfully that it was a wonderful piece of luck.

“Ouch! My finger!”

She cried out that she had hurt her finger.

«Oh, how very unfortunate!» she said.

She cried with a sigh that it was very unfortunate.

“Heavens! The plate is broken,” she said.

She was astonished to find that the plate was broken.

“Oh, the dear little kitten!” the children cried.

The children exclaimed with delight that it was a dear little kitten.

Exercise 131. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech. Use the words in brackets.

1. “How wonderful the stars are!” he said to the girl, “And how wonderful is the power of love!” (cry with delight) 2. “What a remarkable thing!” said the professor. “A swallow in winter!” (exclaim in surprise) 3. “What a lovely piece of glass!” cried the little girl. (cry delightfully) 4. “How hungry we are!” the boys cried. (cry sorrowfully) 5. The student cried, “Oh, on what little things does happiness depend!” (cry with deep sadness) 6. “What disobedient children!” he cried. (cry with indignation) 7. “How well you talk!” said the Miller’s wife. (say with admiration) 8. “What a silly boy you are!” cried the Miller. (cry angrily) 9. “Why, what a good heart you have!” cried his wife. (cry with admiration) 10. “What a wonderful time I shall have in my garden!” he said to himself. (say happily) 11. The Giant said, “How selfish I have been!” (say with regret) 12. “It’s a damned lie!” he exclaimed. (exclaim indignantly)

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При переводе в косвенную речь приветствий, прощаний, поздравлений, представления используются такие глаголы и сочетания, как greet, welcome, salute – приветствовать; say good bye, bid good bye – прощаться; thank – благодарить; wish – пожелать; apologize – извиниться; congratulate (on) –

поздравить (с); introduce – представить.

“Thank you, little Swallow,” said the Prince. The Prince thanked the little Swallow.

“Hello! How are you?” she said.

She greeted me and asked how I was.

Exercise 132. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.

1. He said, “I salute you, my little friend.” 2. He said, “I congratulate you, Miss Carnaby.” 3. He said, “Mr. Poirot? I am Drouet, Inspector of Police.” 4. She said, “I really apologize for bothering you, Mr. Poirot.” 5. Mr. Brown said, “Good morning, Mr. Smith! How are you? I’m so happy to see you again.” 6. Fred said, “Sam, old chap! Come in! What a surprise!” 7. Boris said, “Hello, Alec! What are you busy with?” 8. “Let me introduce you to Mr. William Higgs,” said Poirot. 9. “I congratulate you on your speech, General,” he said. 10. She said, “Good bye, dear.” 11. He said, “I apologize for being late.” 12. She said, “I am sorry, Mr. Brown.” 13. “Many, many thanks for your lovely present,” Mary said. 14. “I wish you success, Peter,” Mother said. 15. “Excuse me for asking to come here, Jack,” she said.

Exercise 133. Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.

1. “I shall not go to the party tomorrow because I don’t feel well,” said Mary. 2. “We saw a lot of places of interest when we were traveling around Europe last summer,” said Walter. 3. “I suppose we shall go to the theatre tomorrow,” said Jane. 4. “Please, don’t take the books from my table,” said Lena to me. “I have specially prepared them for working at my report.” 5. “Don’t be afraid, Nick,” said his grandmother. “This dog is very clever and it won’t do you any harm.” 6. “I shall gladly go to the cinema with you because I haven’t seen this film and I want to see it very much,” said my aunt. 7. “Which of you can answer my question?” the teacher asked the pupils. 8. “Do you think that simple food is better for children than rich food?” she asked the doctor. 9. “Why do you help him?” said Alec to us. “He is lazy. He can do everything himself.”

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10. “I don’t want to go to the zoo. I was there last week with my cousin and saw the animals,” said Lena. 11. “Look at my stamps, father,” said Nick. “When will you buy some new ones for me?” 12. “I can’t do this exercise: it is too difficult,” said Tanya. “Why didn’t you ask your teacher to explain it?” said her brother. 13. “Can you see the lights over there in the distance?” said the lighthouse keeper. “Yes, I can,” said his assistant. “A ship is giving signals.” 14. “Let’s play badminton,” said Nina. “All right,” said Mike. “I like to play badminton very much.” 15. “Will you show me your new flat?” said Tom. “Of course,” said Becky. “Come to our place tomorrow.” 16. “There is a new film on at our cinema,” said Lena. “Let’s go and see it.” “No, I can’t,” said Mike. “I’ll be busy.” 17. “Please, don’t ask me any more questions,” she said to me, “I am very tired. I’ll answer all your questions tomorrow.” 18. “What are you doing here?” he cried angrily. 19. My friend said, “Ring me up at 6 p.m., please.” 20. “What disobedient children!” he cried with indignation.

QUESTIONS

В английском языке различаются следующие типы вопросов: общие, специальные, альтернативные и разделительные.

Порядок слов в вопросительном предложении

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В общих и специальных вопросах употребляется обратный порядок слов.

В вопросах, относящихся к подлежащему, вопросительное слово является подлежащим, поэтому полностью сохраняется порядок утвердительного предложения, вспомогательный глагол не требуется.

В альтернативных вопросах, представляющих собой сочетание двух вопросов и дающих возможность выбора (альтернативы), предложение чаще всего начинается с вспомогательного или модального глагола.

Разделительный вопрос широко применяется в разговорной речи. Он представляет собой сочетание двух элементов: первый – утверждение или отрицание какого-либо положения и второй элемент – вопрос, подвергающий это положение сомнению.

He will be a doctor, won’t he?

This engineer knows two foreign languages, doesn’t he? The young specialist can manage work properly, can’t he?

You weren’t at the conference last night, were you? You didn’t like the report, did you?

The students mustn’t be late for the lessons, must they?

Note:

I’m right, aren’t I?

I’m not right, am I?

После повелительных предложений можно использовать вопрос will/would you? и can/can’t/could you?

Switch on the light, will you?

Help me with these bags, could you?

После отрицательного повелительного предложения, используется will you?

Don’t forget to post my letter, will you?

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После let’s используется shall we?

Let’s listen to some music, shall we?

После let me/him etc. используется will you/won’t you?

Let me buy some sweets, will you/won’t you?

Местоимения somebody/someone, everybody/everyone, nobody/no one

заменяются на they .

Somebody told you, didn’t they? Everybody is present, aren’t they?

Вместо nothing в вопросе используется it.

Nothing is wrong, is it?

There используется как подлежащее в вопросах.

There won’t be any problems, will there?

He has got a large house, hasn’t he? I have dinner at 2 o’clock, don’t I?

Exercise 134. Choose the correct answer.

1. After lunch you phoned someone.

AWho phoned you?

BWho did you phone?

2.The policeman is interviewing the robber.

AWho is interviewing the robber?

BWho is the robber interviewing?

3.… is it from here to St. Petersburg?

AHow far

BHow long

4.… would you like to drink?

AWhich

BWhat

5.… of brothers Grimm was the eldest?

AWho

BWhat

CWhich

6.It’s so cold today. … put on your warm coat?

AWhy you haven’t

BWhy haven’t you

7.– … birthday is it today?

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– It’s Janet’s birthday today. She is 19.

AWhich

BWhom

CWhat

DWhose

8.… does it cost to stay at the Hilton hotel?

AHow many

BHow much

CWhat

9.– … is Pam’s sister? – She’s a secretary at our college.

AWhat

BWho

CWhere

10.You can have a photo. … one would you like?

AWhat

BWhich

11.– Tell me something about Fred’s wife. …?

–Oh, she’s about 25, she’s pretty and friendly.

AWhat is she?

BWhat does she like?

CWhat is she like?

DWho is she?

12.– … will it take me to learn French?

–I think you’ll be able to speak in another few months.

AHow long

BHow much

CWhat

13.Bob and Alice got married in 1991.

AHow long have they been married?

BHow long is it since they got married?

CWhen did they get married?

Exercise 135. Ask Liz questions. (Look at her answers before you write the questions.)

Exercise 136. Make questions with who or what.

1.Somebody hit me. Who hit you?

2.I hit somebody. Who did you hit?

3.Somebody gave me the key. Who________________________________________

4.Something happened to me last night. What ________________________________

5.Diane told me something. ______________________________________________

6.This book belongs to somebody. _________________________________________

7.Somebody lives in that house. __________________________________________

8.I fell over something. _________________________________________________

9.Something fell on the floor. _____________________________________________

10.This word means something. ___________________________________________

11.I borrowed the money from somebody. __________________________________

12.I’m worried about something. _________________________________________

13.I want something to eat. ______________________________________________

Exercise 137. Put the words in brackets in the correct order. All the sentences are questions.

1.(when/was/built/this/house) When was this house built?

2.(how/cheese/is/made) _________________________________________________

3.(when/invented/the computer/was) ______________________________________

4.(why/Sue/working/isn’t/today) __________________________________________

5.(what time/coming/your friends/are) ______________________________________

6.(why/was/cancelled/the concert) _________________________________________

7.(where/your mother/was born) __________________________________________

8.(why/you/to the party/didn’t/come) ______________________________________

9.(how/the accident/did/happen) __________________________________________

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10.(why/this machine/doesn’t/work) _______________________________________

11.(why/Mary/wasn’t/at work/yesterday) ___________________________________

12.(what/the weather/was like/yesterday) ___________________________________

13.(which job/Jane/has applied/for) ________________________________________

Exercise 138. Write questions to which the underlined words are the answers.

1. The car is $5000. 2. They invited Lucy and Jake. 3. Derek takes the bus three times a week. 4. Someone opened the door. 5. He will go to the USA the next year. 6. New York is very far from London. 7. It took Lucy two hours to write a composition. 8. Something happened last night. 9. Alice went shopping yesterday.10. His daughter is ten years old.

Exercise 139. Choose the correct answer.

12. Oh, there are a lot of photos in the album,…?

Exrcise 140. Complete the questions with the appropriate question tag.

1.Remember to write, ...?

2.Don’t forget to write, ...?

3.Hurry up, ...?

4.Let’s go, ...?

6.It’s very cheap, ...?

7.The film was boring, ...?

8.She’s got a lovely voice, ...?

9.It doesn’t look very safe, ...?

10.You have read that book, ...?

11.John was at home, ...?

12.It’s cold, ...?

13.Let’s go out tonight, ...?

14.Ann’s applied for the job, ...?

15.Jack’s on holiday, ...?

16.You can speak German, ...?

17.He won’t mind if I use the phone, ...?