The following sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.

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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". © 1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.

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Table of Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................	1
Overview........................................................................................................................	2
Author Biography.........................................................................................................	3
About the Author..........................................................................................................	5
Plot Summary................................................................................................................	7
An Unlucky Boat..................................................................................................	7
The Truly Big Fish................................................................................................	7
Destroyed But Not Defeated.................................................................................	9
Detailed Summary & Analysis...................................................................................	10
Characters....................................................................................................................	28
Bodega Proprietor...............................................................................................	28
Female Tourist....................................................................................................	28
Manolin...............................................................................................................	28
Manolin's Father.................................................................................................	29
Old Man..............................................................................................................	29
Pedrico................................................................................................................	29
Santiago..............................................................................................................	30
Setting...........................................................................................................................	32
Social Concerns...........................................................................................................	33

Table of Contents
Social Sensitivity..........................................................................................................	34
Techniques...................................................................................................................	35
Literary Qualities........................................................................................................	36
Thematic Overview.....................................................................................................	37
Themes.........................................................................................................................	38
The Human Condition........................................................................................	38
Love....................................................................................................................	38
Youth and Old Age.............................................................................................	39
Luck vs. Skil.......................................................................................................	40
Style..............................................................................................................................	41
Point of View......................................................................................................	41
Setting.................................................................................................................	41
Structure..............................................................................................................	42
Symbolism..........................................................................................................	42
Historical Context.......................................................................................................	44
Cuba and the United States in the Early 1950s...................................................	44
Cuban Culture.....................................................................................................	44
Critical Overview........................................................................................................	46
Criticism.......................................................................................................................	49

Table of Contents
Critical Essay #1..........................................................................................................	50
Critical Essay #2..........................................................................................................	55
Critical Essay #3..........................................................................................................	63
Media Adaptations......................................................................................................	72
Topics for Further Study............................................................................................	73
What Do I Read Next?................................................................................................	74
Topics for Discussion..................................................................................................	75
Ideas for Reports and Papers.....................................................................................	76
Literary Precedents.....................................................................................................	77
For Further Study.......................................................................................................	78
Sources.........................................................................................................................	81
Copyright Information...............................................................................................	82

iii

Introduction

When The Old Man and the Sea was published in 1952 to wide critical acclaim, it had been twelve years since Ernest Hemingway's previous critical success, For Whom the Bell Tolls. His major writing effort during the intervening period, Across the River and Into the Trees, published in 1950, had been widely dismissed as a near-parody of the author's usual style and themes. The Old Man and the Sea, however, was a popular success, selling 5.3 million copies within two days of its publication in a special edition of Life magazine. A few complaints about the stilted language of some of the Spanish transliterations came from critics. Some also found Santiago's philosophizing unrealistic. Nevertheless, the story won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1953. A year later, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. The Nobel committee singled out the story's "natural admiration for every individual who fights the good fight in a world of reality overshadowed by violence and death," (noted Susan F. Beegel in "Conclusion: The Critical Reputation of Ernest Hemingway"). Although Hemingway's writing continued to be published, much of it posthumously after the author's suicide in 1961,The Old Man and the Sea is generally considered by many to be his crowning achievement. The work was especially praised for its depiction of a new dimension to the typical Hemingway hero, less macho and more respectful of life. In Santiago, Hemingway had finally achieved a character who could face the human condition and survive without cynically dismissing it or dying while attempting to better it. In Santiago's relationship with the world and those around him, Hemingway had discovered a way to proclaim the power of love in a wider and deeper way than in his previous works.

Introduction

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Table of Contents

Introduction